1、Designation: D4054 17 An American National StandardStandard Practice forEvaluation of New Aviation Turbine Fuels and FuelAdditives1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4054; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of rev
2、ision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This practic
3、e covers and provides a framework for theOriginal Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) evaluation and ap-proval of new fuels and new fuel additives for use incommercial and military aviation gas turbine engines. Thepractice was developed as a guide by the aviation gas-turbineengine Original Equipment Manufa
4、cturers (OEMs) withASTM International member support. The OEMs are solelyresponsible for approval of a fuel or additive in their respectiveengines and airframes. Standards organizations such as ASTMInternational (Subcommittee D02.J0), United Kingdom Minis-try of Defence, and the U.S. Military list o
5、nly those fuels andadditives that are mutually acceptable to all OEMs. ASTMInternational and OEM participation in the evaluation proce-dure does not constitute an endorsement of the fuel or additive.1.2 The OEMs will consider a new fuel or additive based onan established need or benefit attributed t
6、o its use. Upon OEMapproval, the fuel or fuel additive may be listed in fuelspecifications such as Pratt General Electric Aviation (GE) Specification No.D50TF2; and Rolls Royce (RR) engine manuals. Subsequent toOEM approval and industry review and ballot, the fuel or fueladditive may be listed in fu
7、el specifications such as Specifica-tion D1655, Defence Standard 91-91, United States Air ForceMIL-DTL-83133, and the United States Navy MIL-DTL-5624.This OEM evaluation and approval process has been coordi-nated with airworthiness and certification groups within eachcompany, the Federal Aviation Ad
8、ministration (FAA), and theEuropean Aviation Safety Agency (EASA).1.3 Units of measure throughout this practice are stated inInternational System of Units (SI) unless the test methodspecifies non-SI units.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated wit
9、h its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized p
10、rinciples on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A240/A240M Specification for
11、 Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for PressureVessels and for General ApplicationsB36/B36M Specification for Brass Plate, Sheet, Strip, AndRolled BarB93/B93M Specification for Magnesium Alloys in IngotForm for Sand Castings, Permanent Mold Castings, andDie Casting
12、sD56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup TesterD86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products andLiquid Fuels at Atmospheric PressureD93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-MartensClosed Cup TesterD257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance ofInsulating MaterialsD395 Test
13、 Methods for Rubber PropertyCompression SetD412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplas-tic ElastomersTensionD445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD790 Test Metho
14、ds for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-als1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on PetroleumProducts, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee D02.J0.04 on Additives and Electri
15、cal Properties.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2017. Published March 2018. Originallyapproved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D4054 16.DOI:10.1520/D4054-17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. Fo
16、r Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis in
17、ternational standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)
18、Committee.1D924 Test Method for Dissipation Factor (or Power Factor)and Relative Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Electri-cal Insulating LiquidsD1002 Test Method for Apparent Shear Strength of Single-Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Ten-sion Loading (Metal-to-Metal)D1319 Test Meth
19、od for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petro-leum Products by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionD1331 Test Methods for Surface and Interfacial Tension ofSolutions of Paints, Solvents, Solutions of Surface-ActiveAgents, and Related MaterialsD1405 Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Combus-tion of Avi
20、ation FuelsD1414 Test Methods for Rubber O-RingsD1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine FuelsD2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer Hard-nessD2386 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aviation FuelsD2425 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Middle Dis-tillates by Mass SpectrometryD2624 Test Me
21、thods for Electrical Conductivity of Aviationand Distillate FuelsD2717 Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Liquids(Withdrawn 2018)3D2887 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Pe-troleum Fractions by Gas ChromatographyD3114 Method of Test for D-C Electrical Conductivity ofHydrocarbon Fuel
22、s (Withdrawn 1985)3D3241 Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability ofAviation Turbine FuelsD3242 Test Method for Acidity in Aviation Turbine FuelD3338 Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Combus-tion of Aviation FuelsD3359 Test Methods for Rating Adhesion by Tape TestD3363 Test Method for Fil
23、m Hardness by Pencil TestD3701 Test Method for Hydrogen Content of AviationTurbine Fuels by Low Resolution Nuclear MagneticResonance SpectrometryD3703 Test Method for Hydroperoxide Number of AviationTurbine Fuels, Gasoline and Diesel FuelsD3828 Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale ClosedCup T
24、esterD3948 Test Method for Determining Water Separation Char-acteristics ofAviation Turbine Fuels by Portable Separom-eterD4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and APIGravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterD4066 Classification System for Nylon Injection and Extru-sion Materials (PA)D4
25、529 Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Combus-tion of Aviation FuelsD4629 Test Method for Trace Nitrogen in Liquid Hydrocar-bons by Syringe/Inlet Oxidative Combustion and Chemi-luminescence DetectionD4809 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of LiquidHydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Preci
26、sionMethod)D5001 Test Method for Measurement of Lubricity of Avia-tion Turbine Fuels by the Ball-on-Cylinder LubricityEvaluator (BOCLE)D5291 Test Methods for Instrumental Determination ofCarbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen in Petroleum Productsand LubricantsD5304 Test Method for Assessing Middle Distilla
27、te FuelStorage Stability by Oxygen OverpressureD5363 Specification for Anaerobic Single-Component Ad-hesives (AN)D5972 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aviation Fuels(Automatic Phase Transition Method)D6304 Test Method for Determination of Water in Petro-leum Products, Lubricating Oils, and Additiv
28、es by Cou-lometric Karl Fischer TitrationD6378 Test Method for Determination of Vapor Pressure(VPX) of Petroleum Products, Hydrocarbons, andHydrocarbon-Oxygenate Mixtures (Triple ExpansionMethod)D6379 Test Method for Determination of Aromatic Hydro-carbon Types in Aviation Fuels and PetroleumDistill
29、atesHigh Performance Liquid ChromatographyMethod with Refractive Index DetectionD6732 Test Method for Determination of Copper in JetFuels by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrom-etryD6793 Test Method for Determination of Isothermal Secantand Tangent Bulk ModulusD7042 Test Method for Dynamic V
30、iscosity and Density ofLiquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation ofKinematic Viscosity)D7111 Test Method for Determination of Trace Elements inMiddle Distillate Fuels by Inductively Coupled PlasmaAtomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)D7171 Test Method for Hydrogen Content of Middle Dis-ti
31、llate Petroleum Products by Low-Resolution PulsedNuclear Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyD7566 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel ContainingSynthesized HydrocarbonsE411 Test Method for Trace Quantities of Carbonyl Com-pounds with 2,4-DinitrophenylhydrazineE659 Test Method for Autoignition Temper
32、ature of Chemi-calsE681 Test Method for Concentration Limits of Flammabilityof Chemicals (Vapors and Gases)E1269 Test Method for Determining Specific Heat Capacityby Differential Scanning Calorimetry2.2 Federal Specifications:4FED-STD-791 Testing Method of Lubricants, Liquid Fuels,and Related Produc
33、ts2.3 Department of Defense Specifications:4DOD-L-85645 Lubricant, Dry Film, Molecular Bonded3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Copies of these documents are available online at http:/quicksearch.dla.mil/ orhttp:/assist.dla.mil.D4054 172MIL-A-8625 An
34、odic Coatings forAluminum andAluminumAlloysMIL-C-83019 Coating, Polyurethane, for Protection of Inte-gral Fuel Tank Sealing CompoundMIL-DTL-5541 Chemical Conversion Coatings on Alumi-num and Aluminum AlloysMIL-DTL-5624 Turbine Fuel, Aviation, Grades JP-4 andJP-5MIL-DTL-24441 Paint, Epoxy-Polyamide,
35、General Specifi-cation forMIL-PRF-25017 Inhibitor, Corrosion/Lubricity Improver,Fuel Soluble (NATO S-1747)MIL-DTL-25988 Rubber, Fluorosilicone Elastomer, Oil-and Fuel-Resistant, Sheets, Strips, Molded Parts, andExtruded ShapesMIL-DTL-26521 Hose Assembly, Nonmetallic, Fuel,Collapsible, Low Temperatur
36、e with Non-Reusable Cou-plingsMIL-DTL-83054 Baffle and Inerting Material, Aircraft FuelTankMIL-DTL-83133 Turbine Fuel, Aviation, Kerosene Type,JP-8 (NATO F-34), NATO F-35, and JP-8+100 (NATOF-37)MIL-H-4495 Hose Assembly, Rubber, Aerial RefuelingMIL-DTL-17902 Hose, End Fittings and Hose Assemblies,Sy
37、nthetic Rubber, Aircraft FuelsMIL-HDBK-510 Aerospace Fuels CertificationMIL-P-25732 Packing, Preformed, Petroleum HydraulicFluid Resistant, Limited Service at 275 F (135 C)MIL-PRF-370 Hose and Hose Assemblies, Nonmetallic:Elastomeric, Liquid FuelMIL-PRF-6855 Rubber, Synthetic, Sheets, Strips, Molded
38、 orExtruded Shapes, General Specification forMIL-PRF-8516 Sealing Compound, Synthetic Rubber, Elec-tric Connectors and Electric Systems, Chemically CuredMIL-PRF-46010 Lubricant, Solid Film, Heat Cured, Corro-sion Inhibiting, NATO Code S-1738MIL-PRF-81298 Dye, Liquid for the Detection of Leaks inAirc
39、raft Fuel SystemsMIL-PRF-81733 Sealing and Coating Compound, CorrosionInhibitiveMIL-PRF-87260 Foam Material, Explosion Suppression,Inherently Electrostatically Conductive, for Aircraft FuelTanksMIL-S-85334 Sealing Compound, Noncuring, LowConsistency, Silicone, Groove Injection, for Integral FuelTank
40、sMIL-DTL-5578 Tanks, Fuel, Aircraft, Self-SealingMMM-A-132 Adhesives, Heat Resistant, AirframeStructural, Metal to MetalQPL-25017 Qualified Products List for MIL-PRF-25017(Inhibitor, Corrosion/Lubricity Improver, Fuel Soluble)(NATO S-1747)2.4 SAE International:5SAE-AMS-2410 Plating, Silver Nickel St
41、rike, High BakeSAE-AMS-2427 Aluminum Coating, Ion Vapor DepositionSAE-AMS-3215 Acrylonitrile Butadiene (NBR) RubberAromatic Fuel Resistant 6575SAE-AMS-3265 Sealing Compound, Polysulfide (T)Rubber, Fuel Resistant, Non-Chromated Corrosion Inhib-iting for Intermittent Use to 360 F (182 C)SAE-AMS-3276 S
42、ealing Compound, Integral Fuel Tanksand General Purpose, Intermittent Use to 360 F (182 C)SAE-AMS-3277 Sealing Compound, Polythioether RubberFast Curing Integral Fuel Tanks and General Purpose,Intermittent Use to 360 F (182 C)SAE-AMS-3278 Sealing and Coating Compound: Polyure-thane (PUR) Fuel Resist
43、ant High Tensile Strength/Elongation for Integral Fuel Tanks/Fuel Cavities/GeneralPurposeSAE-AMS-3279 Sealing Compound, Sprayable, for IntegralFuel Tanks and Fuel Cell Cavities, for Intermittent Use to350 F (177 C)SAE-AMS-3281 Sealing Compound, Polysulfide (T) Syn-thetic Rubber for Integral Fuel Tan
44、k and Fuel CellCavities Low Density for Intermittent Use to 360 F(182 C)SAE-AMS-3283 Sealing Compound, Polysulfide Non-Curing, Groove Injection Temperature and Fuel ResistantSAE-AMS-3361 Silicone Potting Compound, Elastomeric,Two-Part, General Purpose, 150 to 400 Poise (15 to 40Pas) ViscositySAE-AMS
45、-3375 Adhesive/Sealant, Fluorosilicone, Aro-matic Fuel Resistant, One-Part Room Temperature Vulca-nizingSAE-AMS-3376 Sealing Compound, Non-Curing, GrooveInjection Temperature and Fuel ResistantSAE-AMS-4017 Aluminum Alloy Sheet and Plate, 2.5Mg 0.25Cr (5052H34) Strain-Hardened, Half-Hard, and Sta-bil
46、izedSAE-AMS-4027 Aluminum Alloy, Sheet and Plate 1.0Mg 0.60Si 0.28Cu 0.20Cr (6061; T6 Sheet, T651 Plate)Solution and Precipitation Heat TreatedSAE-AMS-4029 Aluminum Alloy Sheet and Plate 4.5Cu 0.85SI 0.80Mn 0.50Mg (2014; T6 Sheet, T651Plate) Solution and Precipitation Heat TreatedSAE-AMS-4037 Alumin
47、um Alloy, Sheet and Plate 4.4Cu 1.5Mg 0.60 Mn (2024; T3 Flat Sheet, T351 Plate)Solution Heat TreatedSAE-AMS-4107 Aluminum Alloy, Die Forgings(7050T74) Solution Heat Treated and OveragedSAE-AMS-4260 Aluminum Alloy, Investment Castings7.0Si 0.32Mg (356.0T6) Solution and PrecipitationHeat TreatedSAE-AM
48、S-4750 Solder, TinLead 45Sn 55PbSAE-AMS-4751 TinLead Eutectic 63Sn 37PbSAE-AMS-4901 Titanium Sheet, Strip, and Plate Commer-cially Pure Annealed, 70.0 ksi (485 MPa)SAE-AMS-4915 Titanium Alloy Sheet, Strip, and Plate 8Al1V IMo Single AnnealedSAE-AMS-5330 Steel Castings, Investment, 0.80Cr 1.8Ni 0.35M
49、o (0.380.46C) (SAE 4340 Modified) Annealed5Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale,Pennsylvania 15096, http:/www.sae.org/servlets/indexD4054 173SAE-AMS-5338 Steel, Investment Castings 0.95Cr 0.20Mo (0.350.45C) (SAE 4140 Mod) Normalized orNormalized and TemperedSAE-AMS-5504 Steel, Corrosion and HeatResistant,Sheet, Strip, and Plate 12.5Cr (SAE 51410) AnnealedSAE-AMS-5525 Steel, Corrosion and Heat Resistant, Sheet,Strip, and Plate 15Cr 25.5Ni 1.2Mo 2.1Ti 0.006B0.30V 1800 F (982 C) So
