1、Designation: D4349 16Classification System and Basis for Specification forPolyphenylene Ether (PPE) Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4349; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of la
2、st revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This classification system covers the basic polymers andcopolymers known as polyphenylene ethers and polyphenyleneoxide
3、s, as well as filled, modified, and reinforced versions.Recycled materials are included in this standard as Class 5 ofTable PPE.NOTE 1Addition to the natural polymer or copolymer of pigments,colorants, or other additives can cause the final composition to no longermeet the requirements specified for
4、 the natural polymer or copolymer.NOTE 2The preferred abbreviation for polyphenylene ether is PPE, asnoted in Terminology D1600.1.2 This classification system and subsequent line callout(specification) are intended to provide a means of calling outplastic materials used in the fabrication of end ite
5、ms or parts.It is not intended for the selection of materials. Materialselection should be made by those having expertise in theplastic field after careful consideration of the design and theperformance required of the part, the environment to which itwill be exposed, the fabrication process to be e
6、mployed, thecosts involved, and the inherent properties of the material otherthan those covered by this standard.1.3 There may be other requirements necessary to identifyparticular characteristics important to specific applications.These are to be specified by using the suffixes described inSection
7、5.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.NOTE 3There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod PendulumImpact Resistance of PlasticsD618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD638
8、 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD648 Test Method for Deflection Temperature of PlasticsUnder Flexural Load in the Edgewise PositionD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-alsD792 Test Methods for Density and Spe
9、cific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1600 Terminology forAbbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-ticsD3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi-alsD7209 Guide for Waste Reduction,
10、Resource Recovery, andUse of Recycled Polymeric Materials and Products (With-drawn 2015)3E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications2.2 Underwriters Laboratories:UL 94 Standards for Tests for Flammability for Parts inDevices and Appliances43. Te
11、rminology3.1 The terminology used in this classification is in accor-dance with Terminologies D883 and D1600.3.2 The polyphenylene ether materials will be designatedPPE as specified in Terminology D1600.1This classification system is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the
12、direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on ThermoplasticMaterials.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2016. Published September 2016. Originallyapproved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D4349 - 10. DOI:10.1520/D4349-16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.
13、astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from Underwriters Laborato
14、ries (UL), 2600 N.W. Lake Rd., Camas,WA 98607-8542, http:/.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14. Classification4.1 Polyphenylene ether-based materials are c
15、lassified intogroups according to their compositions. These groups aresubdivided into classes and grades, as shown in Basic PropertyTable PPE.NOTE 4An example of this classification system is as follows:The specification ASTM D4349 PPE 0223 would indicate:PPE = polyphenylene ether,02 = polystyrene-m
16、odified material (Group),2 = flame retarded (Class Description), and3 = requirements given in Table PPE.4.1.1 Reinforced, filled, and lubricated versions of PPEmaterials are classified according to the reinforcement used andthe nominal level, by weight percent, of the reinforcement. Thegrade is iden
17、tified by a single letter that indicates the filler orreinforcement used and two digits that indicate the nominalquantity in percent by weight. Thus, a grade containing 15 %glass reinforcement would be indicated by PPE0110 G15. Thiscallout indicates:PPE = polyphenylene ether _ as found in Terminolog
18、y D1600,01 = unmodified (group),1 = general purpose (class),0 = other (grade), andG15 = 15 % glass reinforcementThe reinforcement letter designations and associated toler-ance levels are shown in Table 1.TABLE 1 Reinforcement-Filler,ASymbols,Band TolerancesSymbol Material ToleranceC Carbon and graph
19、ite 2 %D Alumina trihydrate 2 %EClayF Cellulose 2 %G Glass 2 %H Aramid 2 %J Boron 2 %K Calcium carbonate 2 %L Lubricants(for example: PTFE,graphite)Depends upon materialand processto bespecified.M Mineral 2 %N Natural organic(for example: cotton,sisal, hemp, flax)2 %PMica2Q Silica 2 %R Combinations
20、ofreinforcements and/orfilters3 %AAsh content of filled and/or reinforced materials is to be determined using eitherTest Method D5630 or ISO 3451-1 where applicable.BAdditional symbols will be added to this table as required.NOTE 5This part of the system uses the type and percentage ofadditives, fil
21、lers, and reinforcements to designate the modification of thebasic material. The types and percentages are sometimes shown on thesuppliers technical data sheet. If necessary, additional control of thesecompositional variables can be accomplished using the suffix part of thesystem, Section 5.NOTE 6Ma
22、terials containing reinforcements or fillers, or both, atnominal levels not in multiples of five are included in the nearest gradedesignation. For example, a material with a nominal glass fiber level of33 % is included with Grade G35 as shown in 4.1.1.4.1.1.1 Although the values listed are necessary
23、 to includethe range of properties available in existing materials, notevery possible combination of the properties exist or can beobtained.TABLE PPE Requirements for Polyphenylene Ether (PPE) MaterialsNOTE 1Values given are for natural materials only. Other colors can be different.AGroup Descriptio
24、n Class DescriptionGrade De-scriptionHeat Deflection, minSpecificGravity,ASTMD792,minTensileStrength,D638,B, CMPa,minFlexuralModulus,D790,B, CMPa,minIzodImpact,D256,B, DJ/m,minat 1.82MPa,D648,BCat 0.45MPa,D648,BC01 Unmodified 1 general purpose 0 otherE2 flame retardedF0 otherE0 other 0 otherE02 PS m
25、odified materials 1 general purpose 1 90 N/AG1.03 32 1750 2652 100 N/AG1.03 38 1900 2403 100 N/AG1.03 44 2150 1854 110 N/AG1.04 55 2300 1605 130 N/AG1.05 57 2300 1600 other . . . . . .2 flame retardedF167N/AG1.06 36 2200 190280G1.07 40 2250 130385G1.07 48 2350 1004 105 N/AG1.07 55 2350 1605 125 N/AG
26、1.08 60 2500 1600 other . . . . . .0 other 0 other . . . . . .03 PA modified materials 1 general purpose 1 N/AG145 1.05 50 2000 1702N/AG155 1.05 50 2000 1603NG170 1.05 50 1800 5304NG180 1.05 55 2000 1855N/AG195 1.05 58 2200 1600 other . . . . . .2 flame retardedF0 otherE0 other 0 other . . . . . .04
27、 Other 1 general purpose 0 other . . . . .D4349 162Group Description Class DescriptionGrade De-scriptionHeat Deflection, minSpecificGravity,ASTMD792,minTensileStrength,D638,B, CMPa,minFlexuralModulus,D790,B, CMPa,minIzodImpact,D256,B, DJ/m,minat 1.82MPa,D648,BCat 0.45MPa,D648,BC2 flame retardedF0 ot
28、her . . . . .0 other 0 other . . . . .05 Rework modified 1 general purpose 0 other . . . . .2 flame retardedF0 other . . . . .0 other 0 other . . . . .AUse Tables A and B where necessary for colored materials.BSee Table 2 for drying and molding conditions. Table 3 for test specimen sizes.CMPa 145 =
29、psi.DJ m 0.01873 = ftlbf in.EUnfilled materials currently not available. Use Table A.FFlammability ratings determined in accordance with UL 94.GN ANot applicable for grade description.TABLE A Reinforced Polyphenylene Ether Materials, Details RequirementsDesignationOrder NumberProperty Cell Limits0 1
30、2345678 91 Heat deflection temperature,Aunspecified 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 specify valueD648,B1.82 MPa, C, min2 Heat deflection temperature,Aunspecified 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 specify valueD648,B0.45 MPa, C, min3 Tensile strength, unspecified 45 55 65 80 100 120 140 160 specify val
31、ueD638,BMPa,Cmin4 Flexural modulus, unspecified 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7500 9000 10 500 specify valueD790,BMPa,Cmin5 Izod impact, D256,Bunspecified 25 50 75 100 125 150 200 250 specify valueJ/m,DminAFor specifying HDT use the “order number” corresponding to the appropriate test conditions for the
32、material being defined. It is intended that one or the other of theserequirements be used unless specific agreement between the supplier and the user requires both.BSee Table 3 for test specimen sizes.CMPa 145 = psi.DJ m 0.01873 = flbf in.TABLE B Unreinforced Polyphenylene Ether Materials, Details R
33、equirementsDesignationOrderNumberProperty Cell Limits0 1 2345678 91 Heat deflection temperature,Aunspecified 65 75 85 95 105 115 125 135 specify valueD648,B1.82 MPa, C, min2 Heat deflection temperature,Aunspecified 125 135 145 155 165 175 185 195 specify valueD648,B0.45 MPa, C, min3 Tensile strength
34、, unspecified 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 specify valueD638,BMPa,Cmin4 Flexural modulus, unspecified 1500 1800 2100 2400 2700 3000 3300 3600 specify valueD790,BMPa,Cmin5 Izod impact, D256,Bunspecified 100 150 200 250 300 400 500 600 specify valueJ/m,DminAFor specifying HDT use the “order number” corresp
35、onding to the appropriate test conditions for the material being defined. It is intended that one or the other of theserequirements be used unless specific agreement between the supplier and the user requires both.BSee Table 3 for test specimen sizes.CMPa 145 = psi.DJ m 0.01873 = ftlbf in.D4349 1634
36、.2 When the grade of the basic material is not known, or isnot important, the use of “0” grade classification shall be usedfor reinforced materials in this system.NOTE 7An example of this classification system for a reinforcedpolyphenylene ether is as follows: The designation ASTM D4349 PPE210G30A22
37、245 indicates the following material requirements from TableA:PPE 210 = polystyrene-modified polyphenylene ether from Table PPE,G30 = glass-reinforced at nominal 30 % (see 4.2),A = Table A Property requirements,2 = 110C deflection temperature at 1.82 MPa, min,2 = 190C deflection temperature at 0.45
38、MPa, min,2 = 55-MPa tensile strength, min,4 = 5000-MPa flexural modulus, min, and5 = 125-J/m Izod impact, min.If no properties are specified, the designation would be ASTM D4349PPE 210G30A00000.4.3 Table B has been incorporated into this classificationsystem to facilitate the classification of speci
39、al materials whereTable PPE or Table A do not reflect the required properties.Table B shall be used in the same manner as Table A.NOTE 8Mechanical properties of pigmented or colored polyphenyleneether materials can differ from the mechanical properties of naturalpolyphenylene ether material, dependi
40、ng on the choice and concentrationof colorants. The main property affected is ductility, as illustrated by areduction in Izod impact strength and tensile elongation values. If specificproperties of pigmented polyphenylene ether materials are required, aclassification using Table B should be used to
41、designate those properties.NOTE 9An example of a special material using this classificationsystem is as follows: The designation ASTM D4349 PPE0310B54220indicates the following, with the material requirements from Table B:PPE 0310 = polyamide-modified polyphenylene ether from Table PPE,B = Table B P
42、roperty Requirements,5 = 105C deflection temperature at 1.82 MPa, min,4 = 155C deflection temperature at 0.45 MPa, min,2 = 35-MPa tensile strength, min,2 = 1800-MPa flexural modulus, min, and0 = unspecified Izod Impact.4.4 Group 5 has been included in Table PPE to allow linecall-out designation for
43、“recycle” resins. Class and gradesgiven should be used with the property ranges from Table A orB, as appropriate.4.5 Requirements for materials tested using ISO specimendimensions are not covered by this classification system.Classification System D4000 can be used to list propertyrequirements invol
44、ving ISO criteria as long as detailed notesdescribing specimen dimensions, test speeds, and so forth, areincluded.5. Suffixes5.1 When additional requirements are needed and are notcovered by the basic requirements or cell-table requirements,they shall be indicated through the use of suffixes.5.2 A l
45、ist of suffixes, which can be used for additionalrequirements as appropriate , is found in Classification SystemD4000 (Table 3). Additional suffixes will be added to thatstandard as test methods and requirements are developed andrequested.6. General Requirements6.1 Basic requirements from the proper
46、ty tables or celltables are always in effect unless superseded by specific suffixrequirements, which always take precedence.6.2 The plastics composition shall be uniform and shallconform to the requirements specified herein.7. Detail Requirements7.1 The materials shall conform to the requirements pr
47、e-scribed in Tables PPE, A and B, and suffix requirements, asthey apply.7.2 For the purpose of determining conformance with thisclassification systems, all specified limits in this standard areabsolute limits, as defined in Practice E29.7.2.1 With the absolute method, an observed value or acalculate
48、d value is not rounded, but is to be compared directlyto the specified limiting value. Conformance or nonconfor-mance with this classification system is based on this compari-son.8. Sampling8.1 Sampling shall be statistically adequate to satisfy 12.4.8.2 A batch or lot is a unit of manufacture as pr
49、epared forshipment and can consist of a blend of two or more “productionruns.”9. Specimen Preparation9.1 The test specimens shall be injection molded.9.2 Mechanical properties can vary with injection moldingconditions. Drying and molding conditions to be used are listedin Table 2.10. Conditioning10.1 Where test specimens are stored in controlledtemperature/humidity chambers, the chamber atmosphereshouldbe236 5C and 50 +0 40 % RH. Dry, air-conditioned air is acceptable. Otherwise, test specimens shallbe conditi
