ASTM D4530-2015 Standard Test Method for Determination of Carbon Residue (Micro Method)《测定碳残留的标准试验方法 (微量法)》.pdf
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1、Designation: D4530 11D4530 15Standard Test Method forDetermination of Carbon Residue (Micro Method)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4530; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio
2、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination o
3、f the amount of carbon residue (see Note 1) formed after evaporation andpyrolysis of petroleum materials under certain conditions and is intended to provide some indication of the relative coke formingtendency of such materials.1.2 The test results are equivalent to the Conradson Carbon Residue test
4、 (see Test Method D189).NOTE 1This procedure is a modification of the original method and apparatus for carbon residue of petroleum materials, where it has beendemonstrated that thermogravimetry is another applicable technique.2 However, it is the responsibility of the operator to establish operatin
5、g conditionsto obtain equivalent results when using thermogravimetry.1.3 This test method is applicable to petroleum products that partially decompose on distillation at atmospheric pressure andwas tested for carbon residue values of 0.100.10 % to 30 % (m(m/m).m). Samples expected to be below 0.10 w
6、eight %(m/m)(mm) residue should be distilled to remove 90 % (V/V) of the flask charge (see Section 9). The 10 % bottoms remainingis then tested for carbon residue by this test method.1.4 Ash-forming constituents, as defined by Test Method D482, or non-volatile additives present in the sample will ad
7、d to thecarbon residue value and be included as part of the total carbon residue value reported.1.5 Also in diesel fuel, the presence of alkyl nitrates, such as amyl nitrate, hexyl nitrate, or octyl nitrate, causes a higher carbonresidue value than observed in untreated fuel, which may lead to erron
8、eous conclusions as to the coke-forming propensity of thefuel. The presence of alkyl nitrate in the fuel may be detected by Test Method D4046.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6.1 Exception6.4 and 6.5 inclu
9、de inch-pound units.1.7 WARNINGMercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause centralnervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Cautionshould be taken when handling mercury and
10、 mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet(MSDS) for details and EPAs websitehttp:/www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htmfor additional information. Users should be awarethat selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited
11、 by law.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitationsprior to use. For specific war
12、ning statements, see 8.2.3 and 8.4.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D189 Test Method for Conradson Carbon Residue of Petroleum ProductsD482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum ProductsD4046 Test Method for Alkyl Nitrate in Diesel Fuels by SpectrophotometryD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling
13、of Petroleum and Petroleum Products1 This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.06 on Analysis of Liquid Fuels and Lubricants.Current edition approved May 15, 2011June 1, 2015
14、. Published July 2011 June 2015. Originally approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 20072011 asD4530D4530 11.07. DOI: 10.1520/D4530-11.10.1520/D4530-115.2 See Fuel, Vol 63, July 1984, pp. 931934.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer
15、Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the pre
16、vious version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Ch
17、anges section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum ProductsE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass ThermometersE133 Speci
18、fication for Distillation Equipment2.2 Energy Institute Standard:Specification for IP Standard Thermometers43. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 carbon residue, nthe residue formed by evaporation and thermal degradation of a carbon containing material.3.1.1.1 DiscussionThe residue is not composed ent
19、irely of carbon but is a coke that can be further changed by carbon pyrolysis.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A weighed quantity of sample is placed in a glass vial and heated to 500C500 C under an inert (nitrogen) atmosphere ina controlled manner for a specific time. The sample undergoes coking reacti
20、ons, and volatiles formed are swept away by thenitrogen. The carbonaceous-type residue remaining is reported as a percent of the original sample as “carbon residue (micro).”4.1.1 When the test result is expected to be below 0.10 % (m/m), the sample can be distilled to produce a 10 % (V(V/V)V)bottoms
21、, prior to performing the test.5. Significance and Use5.1 The carbon residue value of the various petroleum materials serves as an approximation of the tendency of the material toform carbonaceous type deposits under degradation conditions similar to those used in the test method, and can be useful
22、as a guidein manufacture of certain stocks. However, care needs to be exercised in interpreting the results.5.2 This test method offers advantages of better control of test conditions, smaller samples, and less operator attention comparedto Test Method D189, to which it is equivalent.4 “Methods for
23、Analysis and Testing,” Institute of Petroleum Standard Methods for Petroleum and Its Products, Part I, Vol 2. Available from Energy Institute, 61 NewCavendish St., London, WIM 8AR, UK.FIG. 1 Sample Vial Holder and VialD4530 1525.3 Up to twelve samples may be run simultaneously, including a control s
24、ample when the vial holder shown in Fig. 1 is usedexclusively for sample analysis.6. Apparatus6.1 Glass Sample Vials, 2-mL2 mL capacity, 12-mm12 mm outside diameter by approximately 35-mm35 mm high.6.2 Larger 4-dram Glass Sample Vials, 15-mL15 mL capacity (20.5(20.5 mm to 21-mm21 mm outside diameter
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