1、Designation: D4759 11 (Reapproved 2018)Standard Practice forDetermining the Specification Conformance ofGeosynthetics1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4759; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the ye
2、ar of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers a pro
3、cedure for determining theconformance of geosynthetic properties to standard specifica-tions.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and en
4、vironmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Stan
5、dards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics and RolledErosion Control Products (RECPs) for TestingD4439 Terminology for GeosyntheticsD4533
6、Test Method for Trapezoid Tearing Strength of Geo-textilesD7273 Guide for for Acceptance Testing Requirements forGeonets and Geonet Drainage Geocomposites3. Terminology3.1 For general definitions used in this document, refer toTerminology D4439.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.
7、1 test result, na value obtained by a given test method,expressed as a single determination or a specified combinationof a number of determinations.4. Significance and Use4.1 This practice provides a means by which the purchasercan determine the conformance of geosynthetic properties asapplied to th
8、e acceptance or rejection of a material in regardsto a material specification.4.2 This practice has been developed with strong emphasison practicality and the realization that all geosynthetics aresubjected to a vigorous quality control program prior toshipping.NOTE 1It is suggested that the user ob
9、tain the mean, standarddeviation, and/or the coefficient of variation for given physical/mechanicalproperties of a product directly from the manufacturer. If this data isunavailable, it is suggested that users of this practice begin to accumulatedata that can be used to estimate product averages and
10、 standard deviationsfor each product.NOTE 2The risk to the purchaser of buying out-of-specificationmaterials is minimal when conformance requirements are detailed in thepurchase specification and adequate conformance testing is performed. Itis the producers responsibility to perform thorough quality
11、 control testingfor all properties requiring certification. The producers risk of rejection isminimal with the performance of this thorough quality control testing.5. Summary of the Test Procedure5.1 Procedure AThis procedure determines the confor-mance of geosynthetic materials properties to accept
12、able speci-fications values.NOTE 3Conformance testing is done by the purchaser or designatedperson/organization. It is usually done as the geosynthetics are brought tothe project site and to justify the payment of the billing (Practice D4354).Typically, testing is performed on the final product and
13、no components toproduce or assemble the final geosynthetic material need to be confor-mance tested.5.2 This procedure determines the conformance of geocom-posite geosynthetic material properties to a set of acceptablespecification values. Typically, multiple individual componentsneed to be tested to
14、gether with the final geocomposite productto show conformance with the acceptable material specifica-tion. Since those individual components might or might not be1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosyn-theticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.01 on
15、 MechanicalProperties.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2018. Published February 2018. Originallyapproved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D4759 11. DOI:10.1520/D4759-11R18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at servi
16、ceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance wi
17、th internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1altered during production/assembly, samp
18、le collection is typi-cally executed during production/assembly at the manufactur-ing facility.6. Procedure A6.1 Divide into lots and select lot and laboratory samples asdirected in Practice D4354.6.2 Test the number of specimens as directed in the appli-cable testing method.6.3 If the average test
19、values for the individual lot samplingunit meet all the acceptable specification values, the lot passes.6.4 If the average test value for any individual lot samplingunit does not meet one or more of the acceptable specificationvalues, the lot shall be resampled and tested, except as noted in6.4.3.6.
20、4.1 Any individual lot sampling unit which fails initialtesting shall not be included in the lot for resampling.6.4.2 Disposition of individual lot sampling units which failinitial testing shall be agreed upon by purchaser and seller.6.4.3 If all lot sampling units fail initial testing, reject theen
21、tire lot without further sampling and testing.6.4.4 The resample size shall be at least that determined in6.1.NOTE 4The larger the number of samples in a resample, the smallerwill be the consumers risk of accepting an undesirable product.6.5 Pass the lot if the average test values for the individual
22、lot sampling unit from the resample meet the acceptablespecification values.6.6 Fail the lot if the average test values for any individuallot sampling unit from the resample do not meet one or moreof the acceptable specification values.6.7 Reject any failing lot.6.8 A numerical example of this pract
23、ice is included inAppendix X1.7. Procedure B7.1 Divide into lots and select lot and laboratory samples asdirected in Practice D4354.NOTE 5Typically for geocomposite samples, the specification willrequire sampling during manufacture; select the units for the lot sampleand potentially the multiple ind
24、ividual components at uniformly spacedtime intervals throughout the production period at the production/assembly facility (Procedure C in Practice D4354).7.2 Test the number of specimens as directed in the appli-cable testing methods.7.3 If all the average test values for the individual lotsampling
25、units meet all the acceptable specification values, theentire lot passes.7.4 If the average test value for any individual lot samplingunit does not meet one or more of the acceptable specificationvalues, that particular lot sampling unit shall be catalogued as“failed” or nonconforming.NOTE 6Most ind
26、ividualASTM standards describe within the standardprocedure as of how to address “failed” or nonconforming measuredvalues.7.4.1 Any individual lot sampling unit which fails initialtesting shall be retested for all the methods which did not meetthe acceptable specification values.7.4.2 If the average
27、 of both tests for any initially noncon-forming methods confirms that the individual lot sampling unitis nonconforming, then the individual lot sampling unit failingthe acceptable specification value needs to be rejected.7.4.3 Individual lot sampling units before and after thefailed individual lot s
28、ampling unit or units in the lot will beresampled and retested for all applicable testing methods(“blocking tests”).7.4.4 Finally, the sequence of nonconforming individual lotsampling units in the lot shall be bounded/delineated bypassing individual lot sampling units (“blocking tests”).NOTE 7It sho
29、uld be noted that if any tests on the individualcomponents of the geocomposite are nonconforming, availability of thoseindividual components for blocking tests could be limited to the selectedindividual lot sampling units prior to production/assembly.7.4.5 Disposition of individual lot sampling unit
30、s which failconformance testing shall be agreed upon by purchaser andseller.7.5 Reject the sequence of nonconforming individual lotsampling units in between the bounding samples in the lot, ifthe average test values for any individual lot sampling unit donot meet one or more of the acceptable specif
31、ication values.7.6 A numerical example of this procedure is included inAppendix X2.D4759 11 (2018)2APPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. EXAMPLE OF DETERMINING CONFORMANCE TO SPECIFICATION IN ACCORDANCE WITH PROCEDURE AX1.1 AssumptionsThis example assumes the following:X1.1.1 A geotextile is to be
32、 tested against a specificationthat requires a minimum of trapezoid tear strength of 356 N(80 lbf).X1.1.2 For this example, the lot consists of 300 rolls.Practice D4354, Procedure C, requires two lot sampling unitsper lot for lots of 201 to 500 rolls. The 300 rolls in the lot wereassigned numbers an
33、d the five rolls to be used as lot samplingunits were selected using a table of random numbers.X1.1.3 Test Method D4533 specifies there will be onelaboratory sampling unit taken from each lot sampling unit andrequires the following number of test specimens per laboratorysampling unit in each directi
34、on:n 5 tv/A!2where:n = number of test specimens per laboratory sampling unit(rounded upward to the next whole number),v = reliable estimate of the coefficient of variation forindividual observations based on similar materials in theusers laboratory under conditions of single-operatorprecision,t = th
35、e value of Students t for one-sided limits, a 95 %probability level, and the degrees of freedom associatedwith the estimate of v, andA = 5.0 % of the average, the value of the allowablevariation.X1.1.4 Based on a value of v = 6.3 lbf associated with aninfinite number of degrees of freedom (t = 1.645
36、):n = (1.645) (6.3)/5.02= 4.3 = 5 specimens per laboratorysampling unit in each directionX1.2 Data for Sample Set 1The data are given in TableX1.1. Lot Sampling Unit 2 failed in the machine direction.Since Lot Sampling Unit 2 does not meet the specificationrequirement, the lot was resampled.X1.3 Res
37、amplingThe supplier and the purchaser agreedto increase the number of rolls in the second lot sample tothree. The three rolls in the second sample were selected usinga table of random numbers, excluding the roll from which LotSampling Unit 2 was taken.X1.4 Data for Sample Set 2The data are given in
38、TableX1.2. None of the lots sampling units failed. The lot wasaccepted.TABLE X1.1 Test Results for Sample Set 1SpecimenLot Sampling UnitsMachine Direction Cross-Machine Direction121 2184798480283851382 348083845838122Average 82.8 79.4 83.8 82.0TABLE X1.2 Test Results for Sample Set 2SpecimenLot Samp
39、ling UnitsMachine Direction Cross-Machine Direction3453451 8692788793802 594808 4813 390828695834 8191848492855 29383839184Average 83.4 92.0 81.4 85.4 93.0 92.6D4759 11 (2018)3X2. EXAMPLE OF DETERMINING CONFORMANCE TO SPECIFICATION IN ACCORDANCE WITH PROCEDURE BX2.1 AssumptionsThis example assumes t
40、he following:X2.1.1 A geonet geocomposite is to be tested against aspecification that requires all the methods as identified in GuideD7273. Specifically, the upper and lower geotextile used tomanufacture the geonet geocomposite requires a minimum oftrapezoid tear strength of 356 N (80 lbf) in machin
41、e andcross-machine direction.X2.1.2 For this example, the lot consists of 175 rolls.Practice D4354, Procedure C, requires one lot sampling unitsper lot for lots of 1 to 200 rolls. However, the materialspecification required sampling during manufacture at a fre-quency of every 35 rolls; the units for
42、 the lot sample wereselected at uniformly spaced time intervals throughout theproduction period. Each individual sample unit consisted of a3 ft by roll width of geonet, upper and lower geotextile andlaminated geonet geocomposite. The 175 geonet geocompositerolls in the lot were assigned sequentially
43、 labeled numbers andthe six rolls to be used as lot sampling units were roll numbers1, 35, 70, 105, 140, and 175.X2.1.3 Test Method D4533 specifies there will be onelaboratory sampling unit taken from each lot sampling unit andrequires five test specimens per laboratory sampling unit ineach directio
44、n (see X1.1.3).X2.2 Data for Initial Sample SetThe average test data aregiven in Table X2.1 per tested lot sampling unit (roll) in eachdirection tested. Lot Sampling Unit 105 failed in the machinedirection.X2.3 RetestingSince Lot Sampling Unit 105 does notmeet the specification requirement, Lot Samp
45、ling Unit 105 wasretested.X2.4 Data for Retesting Lot Sampling Unit 105The dataare given in Table X2.2. The average test data for Lot SamplingUnit 105 is 66.25 lbf. The individual Lot Sampling Unit 105was rejected.X2.5 Bounding Lot Sampling Unit 105Purchaser andseller check availability of samples.
46、Lot Sampling Unit 100 isavailable with individual components. No individual compo-nents are available to upper bound Lot Sampling Unit 105,only Lot Unit Sample 140 was available.X2.6 Data for Retesting Lot Sampling Unit 100The dataare given in Table X2.3. That individual Lot Sampling Unit100 was acc
47、epted since it was passing the specificationrequirement.X2.7 The sequence of nonconforming individual lot sam-pling units in the lot was bounded/delineated by passingindividual lot sampling units (“blocking tests”).X2.8 Reject the sequence of nonconforming individual lotsampling units in the Lot Sam
48、pling Units 101 to 139, sincerepresentative lot unit samples do not meet the acceptablespecification values for trapezoidal tear in the machinedirection.TABLE X2.1 Test Results for Initial Sample SetLot Sampling Units(Roll Numbers)Machine DirectionCross-MachineDirection1 95.8 105.335 82.2 94.670 80.
49、1 94.1105 65.4 80.4140 80.0 89.3175 85.2 102.6TABLE X2.2 Test Results for Retested SampleLot Sampling Units(Roll numbers)Machine DirectionCross-MachineDirection105 67.1 82.0TABLE X2.3 Test Results for Bounding Lot Sample UnitLot Sampling Units(Roll numbers)Machine DirectionCross-MachineDirection100 87.9 87.4D4759 11 (2018)4ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any
