ASTM D5197-2016 Standard Test Method for Determination of Formaldehyde and Other Carbonyl Compounds in Air (Active Sampler Methodology)《测定空气中甲醛和其他羰基化合物的标准试验方法(活性取样法)》.pdf
《ASTM D5197-2016 Standard Test Method for Determination of Formaldehyde and Other Carbonyl Compounds in Air (Active Sampler Methodology)《测定空气中甲醛和其他羰基化合物的标准试验方法(活性取样法)》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D5197-2016 Standard Test Method for Determination of Formaldehyde and Other Carbonyl Compounds in Air (Active Sampler Methodology)《测定空气中甲醛和其他羰基化合物的标准试验方法(活性取样法)》.pdf(21页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D5197 091D5197 16Standard Test Method forDetermination of Formaldehyde and Other CarbonylCompounds in Air (Active Sampler Methodology)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5197; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, i
2、n the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1 NOTEAdded research report information to Section 13 editorially in September 2010.1. Scope1.
3、1 This test method coverspresents a procedure for the determination of formaldehyde (HCHO) and other carbonyl compounds(aldehydes and ketones) in air. Other carbonyl compounds that have been validated for determination successfully quantified bythis method include acetaldehyde, acetone, propanal (pr
4、opionaldehyde), methacrolein, 2-butanone (methyl ethyl ketone),butyraldehyde, benzaldehyde, isovaleraldehyde, valeraldehyde, o-tolualdehyde, m-tolualdehyde, p-tolualdehyde, hexanal, and2,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde. Acrolein and crotonaldehyde can not be determined quantitatively using the analytical pro
5、ceduredescribed in 10.2 due to the formation of multiple derivative peaks and the instability of the peak ratios2,3. However, the proceduredescribed in the Annex A has been used by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to estimate acrolein and crotonaldehydeconcentrations in standard atmospheres
6、following special precautions.1.2 This test method involves drawing air through a cartridge containing silica gel coated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine(DNPH) reagent. Carbonyl compounds readily form stable derivatives with the DNPH reagent. The DNPH derivatives areanalyzed for parent aldehydes and
7、ketones utilizing high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The sampling procedure isa modification of U.S. EPA Method TO-11A (see 2.2).1.3 This test method is based on the specific reaction of carbonyl compounds with DNPH in the presence of an acid to formstable derivatives according to the re
8、action shown in Fig. 1, (where: both R and R1 are alkyl or aromatic groups (ketones), orboth,either, or eitherboth R or R1 is a hydrogen atom (aldehydes). The determination of formaldehyde and other carbonylcompounds, as DNPH derivatives, is similar to that of U.S. EPA Method TO-11A in that it utili
9、zes HPLC with UV detection asthe analytical finish. The detection limits have been extended to applicability of this test method is extended beyond the statedapplicability of TO-11Ato include other carbonyl compounds that can be determined as outlinedstated in Section 10.2.4. This testmethod is suit
10、able for determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in the concentration range fromapproximately 10 ppb to 1 ppm (v/v). Lower concentrations may be determined with careful control of contamination, appropriateselection of flow rate and sampling duration.1.4 The sampling method gives
11、a time-weighted average (TWA) sample. It can be used for long-term (1 to 24 h) or short-term(5 to 60 min) sampling of air for formaldehyde. Shorter sampling times or low flow rates will result in higher detection limits andmay result in greater variation in co-located sampler results. Tests should b
12、e performed over a duration and a flow rate that allowsthe data quality objective of the project to be achieved. Sample times for other carbonyls, such as acetaldehyde, may be limitedto short term (1).2 The data provides total concentrations of carbonyl compounds from which time weighted average con
13、centrationscan be calculated.1.5 This test method instructs the user on how to prepare sampling cartridges from commercially available chromatographicgrade silica gel cartridges3 by the application of acidified DNPH to each cartridge.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22
14、 on Air Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.05 on Indoor Air.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2009Oct. 1, 2016. Published December 2009November 2016. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20032009as D5197 03.D5197 091. DOI: 10.1520/D5197-09E01.10.152
15、0/D5197-16.2 Levin, J. O., and Lindahl, R., “Aldehyde Measuring Methods Using DNPH-coated FiltersSummary and Conclusions,” Proceedings of the Workshop “SamplingProject”, Mol, Belgium, June 2728, 1986.The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of this standard.3 Clar
16、k, W. L., Biller, W. F., Tejada, S. B., Siegl, W. O., Rosenhamer, D., Newkirk, M. S., and Crowley, R. J., “Round Robin Analysis of Alcohol and Carbonyl SyntheticExhaust Samples,” SAE Technical Paper Series, Paper 941944, 1994, pp. 7187.3 The cartridge used in the development and performance evaluati
17、on of this test method was the Sep-Pak Plus Silica cartridge. The sole source of supply of the cartridgeknown to the committee at this time is Waters Associates, 34 Maple Street, Milford, MA 01757. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this informationto ASTM Headquarters. Your c
18、omments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,Other manufactures make similar products.1which you may attend.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been mad
19、e to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copy
20、right ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States11.6 The sampling flow rate, as described in this test method, has been validated for sampling rates up to 1.5 L/min. L/min forformaldehyde. This flow rate limitation is principally due to th
21、e high pressure drop (8 kPa at 1.0 L/min) across the user preparedsilica gel cartridges which have a particle size of 55 to 105 m. These cartridges are not generally compatible with battery-poweredpumps used in personal sampling equipment (for example, those used by industrial hygienists.hygienists)
22、.1.7 Alternatively, pre-coated DNPH silica gel cartridges are also commercially available and may be substituted provided theycan be demonstrated to perform equivalently.equivalently (2). Some of these use silica gel of a larger particle size that results ina lower pressure drop across the cartridge
23、. These low pressure drop cartridges may be more suitable for sampling air usingbattery-powered personal sampling pumps.1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of t
24、he safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4D1193 Specification for Reag
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