1、Designation: D5275 11D5275 16Standard Test Method forFuel Injector Shear Stability Test (FISST) for PolymerContaining Fluids1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5275; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision,
2、 the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the percent viscosity loss at 100C100 C of polymer-containing
3、 fluids usingfuel injector shear stability test (FISST) equipment. The viscosity loss reflects polymer degradation due to shear at the nozzle.NOTE 1Test Method D2603 has been used for similar evaluation of this property. It has many of the same limitations as indicated in the significancestatement.
4、No detailed attempt has been undertaken to correlate the results by the sonic and the diesel injector methods.NOTE 2This test method was originally published as Procedure B of Test Methods D3945. The FISST method was made a separate test method aftertests of a series of polymer-containing fluids sho
5、wed that Procedures A and B of Test Methods D3945 often give different results.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.2.1 ExceptionPSI is mentioned in parentheses for instruments that have only PSI gauges. Horse
6、power, HP, is listed inparentheses since the motor labels display this value.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determ
7、ine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)D2603 Test Method for Soni
8、c Shear Stability of Polymer-Containing OilsD3945 Test Method for Sheer Stability of Ploymer-Containing Fluids Using a Diesel Injector Nozzle (Withdrawn 1998)33. Summary of Test Method3.1 The polymer-containing fluid is passed through a diesel injector nozzle at a shear rate that causes the less she
9、ar stablepolymer molecules to degrade. The resultant degradation reduces the kinematic viscosity of the fluid under test. The reduction inkinematic viscosity, reported as percent loss of the initial kinematic viscosity, is a measure of the shear stability of thepolymer-containing fluid.4. Significan
10、ce and Use4.1 This test method evaluates the percent viscosity loss for polymer-containing fluids resulting from polymer degradation inthe high shear nozzle device. Minimum interference from thermal or oxidative effects are anticipated.4.2 This test method is not intended to predict viscosity loss i
11、n field service for different polymer classes or for different fieldequipment. Some correlation for a specific polymer type in specific field equipment can be possible.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the dir
12、ect responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.07 on Flow Properties.Current edition approved May 1, 2011June 1, 2016. Published May 2011June 2016. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 20032011 asD5275D5275 11.03. DOI: 10.1520/D5275-11.10.1520/D5275-16.2 For referencedASTM standards
13、, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.This
14、document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions
15、 as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. Un
16、ited States15. Apparatus5.1 The apparatus consists of two fluid reservoirs, a single-plunger diesel fuel injection pump with an electric motor drive, apintle-type fuel injection nozzle installed in a nozzle holder, and instrumentation for automatic operation. Annex A1 contains amore complete descrip
17、tion of the apparatus.4,56. Reference Fluids6.1 Diesel fuel is required for adjusting the nozzle valve assembly to the prescribed valve opening pressure.6.2 Calibration fluid TL-110746 ,5 is used to verify that the shearing severity of the apparatus is within the prescribed limits.7. Precautions7.1
18、During operation, the line between the pump and the nozzle holder is under high pressure. The safety shield should be inplace when the apparatus is running. Stop the apparatus before tightening any fitting that is not properly sealed.7.2 During operation and during the setting of the valve opening p
19、ressure, the fluid is discharged from the nozzle at highvelocity and can inflict a serious wound if it strikes a part of the human body. Therefore, secure the nozzle assembly in positionbefore the test apparatus is started. Similarly, take care to shield the operator from the nozzle discharge during
20、 the pressure-settingstep.8. Sampling8.1 The test fluid shall be at room temperature, uniform in appearance and free of any visible insoluble material prior to placingin the test equipment.8.2 After the test fluid has completed its twentieth cycle through the apparatus, drain it into a bottle for tr
21、ansfer to the kinematicviscosity measurement.9. Calibration9.1 Set the valve opening pressure of the diesel injector nozzle assembly to 20.7 6 0.35 MPa (3000 6 50 psi) 20.7 MPa 60.35 MPa (3000 psi 6 50 psi) by means of a hand-actuated pump7,5 and diesel fuel.9.2 Set the delivery rate of the pump to
22、534534 cm3 6 12 cm12 cm3/min by the procedure described in Annex A1.9.3 Verify the shearing severity of the apparatus by running the standard test procedure, described in 9.3.1, with reference oil.Make this check every twentieth run when the apparatus is used frequently. Make this check before any o
23、ther samples are testedif the apparatus has been idle for a week or more. The kinematic viscosity at 100C100 C for the sheared reference oil is to bewithin the limits prescribed for the specific batch of the reference oil in use. For oil TL-11074,6,5 the limits are 9.649.64 mm2 and9.94 mm9.94 mm2/s
24、at 100C.100 C.9.3.1 If the viscosity of the sheared oil does not fall within the above limits, make another shear test of the reference oil by thestandard procedure. If the viscosity of the sheared oil still does not fall within the limits, take steps to correct the rating level ofthe test. Either m
25、echanical difficulty or test technique is at fault.10. Procedure10.1 Shearing is accomplished by pumping the entire 100 cm100 cm3 test oil charge through the nozzle in successive passesor cycles. One cycle consists of pumping the oil from the lower reservoir (8) in Fig.A1.1, through the nozzle (5),
26、and into the upperreservoir (6). At the end of each cycle, when the entire test oil charge has been collected in the upper reservoir (6), the pump (2)stops and the solenoid-operated drain valve (7) opens, draining the oil into the lower reservoir (8). The pump then restartsautomatically for the next
27、 cycle. This process repeats for the number of cycles that have been set on the cycle counter. At the endof the last cycle, both solenoid-operated drain valves, (7) and (9) in Fig.A1.1, open and the test oil drains into the sample collectionbottle (10).10.2 Flush the apparatus with threefour separat
28、e 100 cm20 cm3 portions of the test oil as described in 10.2.1 and drain. Do notuse solvent as part of the flush at any time because it could cause contamination.10.2.1 Pour the first 100 cm20 cm3 charge of test oil into the lower reservoir, (8) in Fig. A1.1, through the funnel (14). Set thecycle co
29、unter for threefive cycles of the fluid through the nozzle, the pump timer for 15 s 15 s and the valve time for 20 s.20 s.NOTE 3These timer settings have been found satisfactory for all oils normally tested. The pump time should be sufficient for all oil to be pumped4 The sole source of supply of th
30、e entire apparatus and spare parts (injectors) known to the committee at this time is Falex Corporation, 1020 Airpark Dr., Sugar Grove,IL 60554.5 If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider
31、ation at ameeting of the responsible technical committee,1 which you may attend.6 The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is Tannas Co., 4800 James Savage Rd., Midland, MI 48642.7 The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is
32、 Waukesha Engine Div., 1000 W. St. PaulAve., Waukesha, WI 53188. Part No. G-8187.D5275 162through the nozzle and into the upper reservoir, (6) in Fig.A1.1.The valve time should be sufficient for the oil to drain completely from the upper reservoirto the lower reservoir.10.2.2 Start the pump, (2) in
33、Fig. A1.1, and run until three cycles have been completed. Drain and discard the sheared oil.10.2.2 Similarly, runRepeat 10.2.1 the second 100 cmthree more times, 3 for two cycles and the third 100 cm3 flush for onecycle, draining and discarding each flush.NOTE 3These timer settings have been found
34、satisfactory for all oils normally tested. The pump time should be sufficient for all oil to be pumpedthrough the nozzle and into the upper reservoir, (6) in Fig.A1.1.The valve time should be sufficient for the oil to drain completely from the upper reservoirto the lower reservoir.10.3 Pour 100 cm10
35、0 cm3 of the test oil into the lower reservoir through the funnel. Set the cycle counter for 20 cycles.20 cycles. Set a clean 120 cm120 cm3 bottle, (10) in Fig. A1.1, under the drain tube of the lower reservoir to receive the shearedsample. Start the pump and run until the 20 cycles 20 cycles have b
36、een completed. At the end of the twentieth cycle, both drainvalves, (7) and (9) in Fig. A1.1, open automatically and the sample drains into the collection bottle, (10).10.4 Measure the kinematic viscosity of the sheared oil and a sample of the unsheared oil at 100C100 C byTest Method D445.11. Calcul
37、ation11.1 Calculate the percentage loss of viscosity of the sheared oil as follows:VL51003Vu 2Vs!/Vu (1)where:where:VL = viscosity loss, %,Vu = kinematic viscosity of unsheared oil at 100C, mm2/s, andVu = kinematic viscosity of unsheared oil at 100 C, mm2/s, andVs = kinematic viscosity of sheared oi
38、l at 100C, mm2/s.Vs = kinematic viscosity of sheared oil at 100 C, mm2/s.12. Report12.1 Report the following information:12.1.1 Percentage viscosity loss as calculated in 11.1,12.1.2 Kinematic viscosity of the unsheared oil at 100C,100 C,12.1.3 Kinematic viscosity of the sheared oil at 100C,100 C,12
39、.1.4 Number of cycles,12.1.5 For reference oil runs, the batch number of the reference oil, and12.1.6 Specify this test method (ASTM D5275D5275).).13. Precision and Bias813.1 The following criteria should be used for judging the acceptability of results:13.1.1 RepeatabilityThe difference between suc
40、cessive test results, obtained by the same operator with the same apparatusunder constant operating conditions on identical test material would, in the long run, and in the normal and correct operation ofthe test method, exceed the following value only in one case in twenty: 1.19 %.13.1.2 Reproducib
41、ilityThe difference between two single and independent results, obtained by different operators working indifferent laboratories on identical test material would, in the long run, and in the normal and correct operation of the test method,exceed the following value only in one case in twenty: 5.22 %
42、.NOTE 4The indicated repeatability and reproducibility values represent the subtractive difference between the reported percentage viscosity lossvalues for the two determinations being compared.13.1.3 BiasAll test results are relative to those of Calibration Fluid TL-11074.6, 5 Therefore no estimate
43、 of bias can bejustified.14. Keywords14.1 VII; fuel injector; polymer containing fluids; shear stability8 Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1131. This test method was formerlyProcedure B of Test Method D3945.D5
44、275 163ANNEXES(Mandatory Information)A1. DETAILS OF FUEL INJECTOR SHEAR STABILITY TEST (FISST)A1.1 Apparatus:A1.1.1 Fig. A1.1 shows the test schematically. A cycle counter, pump timer, valve timer, main power switch, and drain valveswitch are mounted on an instrument panel not shown in Fig. A1.1.A1.
45、1.2 Specifications for the Fuel Injection Parts:NOTE A1.1The parts have not changed; only the parts supplier and part number have changed. Previous parts may be used until supply is exhausted.A1.1.2.1 Diesel Fuel Injection Pump (2) in Fig.A1.1), Waukesha pump 106712G that contains: Plunger and barre
46、l assembly, 8.0mm, PPK 1/2ZG (17) in Fig.A1.2), camshaft, 6/1, PAC 26/1X (34) in Fig.A1.2), delivery valve assembly, 6.0 mm cuffless, PVE67/1Z (16) in Fig. A1.2), plunger spring SP 769 CA (31 ) in Fig. A1.1), and tappet assembly TP 7615-1A (19) in Fig. A1.1).A1.1.2.2 Nozzle Holder, (4) in Fig. A1.1)
47、, Waukesha P/N 110743.A1.1.2.3 Nozzle Valve, (5) in Fig. A1.1), Waukesha P/N 110700.NOTE A1.2Take great care to avoid damage to the precision parts of the fuel injection equipment, namely the pump plunger and barrel (17) in Fig.A1.2) and the nozzle valve assembly (5) in Fig. A1.1). Service work on t
48、he injection equipment should be performed by a diesel fuel injection pumpspecialist or with reference to the manufacturers service manual.A1.1.2.4 Nozzle Holder/Valve Assembly, (4 and 5) in Fig. A1.1), Waukesha P/N A75067E.A1.1.3 Motor, 2.25 kW (32.25 kW (3 hp), 1725 r hp), 1725 rpm, 230 V, 60 Hz,
49、min, 230 V, 60 Hz, 182T frame (1) in Fig.A1.1).FIG. A1.1 Fuel Injector Shear Stability Test (FISST) (Schematic)D5275 164A1.2 Method for Setting Injection Pump Rack:A1.2.1 Preparation:A1.2.1.1 Remove delivery valve holder (12) (numbers in parentheses refer to Fig. A1.2). Leave the body of the delivery valve (16) in place, but remove the internal check. Leave the delivery valve gasket (15) in place. The top of the pump plunger will bevisible through the bore of the delivery valve body.A1.2.1.2 Turn pump shaft (34), watching the top of
