1、Designation: D5417 05Standard Practice forOperation of the Vettermann Drum Tester1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5417; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in par
2、entheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice describes the equipment and operation ofthe Vettermann drum tester for testing pile yarn floor coveringto produce changes in appearan
3、ce and color due to changes insurface structure by mechanical action.1.2 This practice is only applicable for use in testing unusedpile floor covering of all types. It is not applicable for use intesting used pile yarn floor coverings.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas th
4、e standard for all measurements except mass. The SI(metric) units for all measurements except mass are providedfor information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establ
5、ish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD 1776 Practice for Conditioning Textiles for TestingD 5684 Terminology Relating to Pile Floor Coverin
6、gs3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms relating to Pile Floor Coverings,D13.21, refer to Terminology D 5684.3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:carpet, finished, finished pile yarn floor covering, floor cover-ing, lengthwise direction, pile, pile lay, pile yarn floor cover-
7、ing, pitch, practice, primary backing, secondary backing,textile floor covering, texture, tufted fabric.3.2 For all other terminology related to textiles, refer toTerminology D 1234. Summary of Practice4.1 The test specimen is mounted in the rotatable drum withthe pile surface towards the center of
8、the drum and the edgesunder the retaining segments. A steel ball, with 14 rubber studsrolls randomly inside the drum on the pile surface for aspecified number of revolutions.5. Significance and Use5.1 This equipment may be used to bring about the changesin texture on the surface of pile floor coveri
9、ng caused bymechanical action.5.2 The acceptance criteria of this practice shall be set bymutual agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.6. Apparatus and Material6.1 Vettermann Drum Tester (See Fig. 1):6.1.1 Drum, incorporating a revolution counter and fouradjustable retaining segments (thi
10、ckness: 15 6 1mm(0.6 6 0.03 in.) on each side wall of the drum. A free-runningcircular brush mounted in such a way that it lightly contacts thesurface of specimens and loose fibers are continuously ex-tracted by a vacuum cleaner. A vulcanized fiber backing sheet2320 by 270 by 1.5 mm (93.3 by 10.6 by
11、 0.06 in.) is looselylaid inside the drum. This sheet remains permanently in thedrum.6.1.2 The Vettermann drum dimensions are as follows:Internal diameter 730 6 10 mm (28.7 6 0.39 in.)Internal depth 270 6 5 mm (10.6 6 0.20 in.)Effective depth 240 6 7mm (9.46 0.28 in.)Thickness of curved surface 8 6
12、0.5 mm (0.31 6 0.02 in.)6.1.3 Driving System, with a speed of 1.65 rad/s (16 6 1rpm) and the direction of rotation is reversed every fiveminutes, stopping between reversals for approximately 1 s timeintervals, with approximately one second stationary time.6.1.4 Protective Cage, fits over the drum an
13、d must be inplace prior to Vettermann drum rotation.6.1.5 Round Steel Ball, fitted with fourteen cylindricalrubber studs located equally spaced on the ball surface. The1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textiles andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.21 on
14、Pile Floor Coverings.Current edition approved March 1, 2005. Published April 2005. Originallyapproved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D 541799 (2003)2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual
15、 Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.studs are replaceable and are screwed into flat faces on thesurface of the bal
16、l. (See Fig. 2.):Diameter of ball 120 6 0.2 mm (4.7 6 0.01 in.)Distance between diametricallyopposed flat stud-mountingfaces118 6 0.1 mm (4.6 6 0.01 in.)Mass without studs 6800 6 100 g (15.0 6 0.2 lb)Mass with studs 7600 6 100 g (16.8 6 0.2 lb)6.1.6 Replaceable Rubber Studs, are a composite rubberdi
17、sk attached to a steel backing plate with integral mountingscrew. The dimensions are:Diameter 39 6 0.5 mm (1.54 6 0.02 in.)Total height includingmounting plate15 6 0.5 mm (0.59 6 0.02 in.)Thickness of steelbacking plate3 mm (0.12 in.)Rubber hardness 48 63 Type A6.1.6.1 The studs must be replaced aft
18、er 500 000 revolu-tions of the drum. Unscrew the old studs and replace with newstuds ensuring that each stud is properly tightened. Placedisposable specimens in the drum tester and condition the newstuds by running the tester for 10 000 revolutions with the steelball inside.6.1.7 Vacuum Cleaner, upr
19、ight type, with a rotating brushand beater bar, unless this type of apparatus is not recom-mended by the manufacturer of the pile floor covering undertest, in that case the appropriate recommended device shouldbe used.6.1.8 Cleaning Frame, with a central rectangular aperture toreceive the test speci
20、men. The frame should be the samematerial as the test specimen or similar in construction to thetest specimen. To ensure proper cleaning by the vacuumcleaner, it is recommended the frame and test specimen bemounted on a rigid backing sheet.7. Reagent7.1 SolventEthyl alcohol (CH3CH2OH) or technical g
21、radeiso-propyl alcohol (CH3)2CHOH) are suitable. Do not usecellosolve, chlorinated or ketone solvents.8. Preparation of Specimen8.1 Marking Specimen Before cutting out the test speci-men, mark on the secondary backing the direction of manu-facture with the head of the arrow pointing in the samedirec
22、tion as the lay of the pile.8.2 Size of Specimen Cut the specimen approximately 570by 265 mm (22.4 by 10.4 in.). The long dimension shall beparallel to the lengthwise direction of the carpet. Take nospecimen within 100 mm (4 in.) of the trimmed selvage.8.2.1 When testing thick pile floor covering, i
23、t may benecessary to shorten the specimen length to approximately 565mm (22 in.).8.3 Preparation Clean the specimen with an uprightvacuum cleaner, condition it flat with pile surface up for aminimum of 12 h.9. Conditioning9.1 Bring the specimen to moisture equilibrium for testingtextiles approaching
24、 equilibrium from the dry side, withoutheat. Determine that moisture equilibrium for testing has beenattained as directed in Practice D 1776.10. Procedure10.1 Perform this practice on a specimen prepared asdescribed in Section 9, maintaining the Vettermann drum testin the standard atmosphere for tes
25、ting textiles.10.2 Remove the protective cage from the tester.10.3 Loosen the outside bolts.10.4 Wipe the inside of the drum and the steel ball with aclean lint free tissue and one of the recommended reagents.10.5 Inspect the rubber studs on the steel ball for signs ofwear or damage and replace as n
26、eeded.10.6 Fit the test specimen into the drum with the pile,surface towards the center of the drum and the edges under theretaining segments and clamp into place by tightening the bolt.10.7 Place the steel ball in the drum on the pile surface.10.8 Replace the protective cage over the Vettermann dru
27、m.10.9 Set the revolution counter to 22 000 revolutions unlessotherwise specified and switch on the machine. When themachine stops, loosen the bolts, remove the mounted specimenand place in the central aperture of the cleaning frame.10.10 Using the upright vacuum cleaner, make four forwardand four b
28、ackward passes along the length of the mountedspecimen ensuring all the area is covered and the final pass isin the lay of the pile and condition the specimen for 24 h.11. Report11.1 Report the following information:11.1.1 State that the test was conducted as directed in thispractice (D 5417),11.2 I
29、dentify the tested specimen,FIG. 1 Vettermann Drum TesterFIG. 2 Round Steel BallD5417 05211.3 Report the atmospheric conditions, if other than stan-dard,11.4 Report the number of revolutions,11.5 Report the type of vacuum cleaner used, and11.6 Detail any deviations from this practice.12. Keywords12.
30、1 appearance; floor coveringASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infr
31、ingement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standa
32、rd or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your vie
33、ws known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D5417 053
