1、Designation: D5704 14D5704 15Standard Test Method forEvaluation of the Thermal and Oxidative Stability ofLubricating Oils Used for Manual Transmissions and FinalDrive Axles1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5704; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
2、oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the L-60-1 t
3、est.2 It covers the oil-thickening, insolubles-formation, anddeposit-formation characteristics of automotive manual transmission and final drive axle lubricating oils when subjected tohigh-temperature oxidizing conditions.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The
4、values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.2.1 ExceptionsThe values stated in SI units for catalyst mass loss, oil mass and volume, alternator output, and air flow areto be regarded as standard.1.2.2 SI
5、 units are provided for all parameters except where there is no direct equivalent such as the units for screw threads, orwhere there is a sole source supply equipment specification.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the re
6、sponsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. Specific warning information is given in Sections 7 and 8 and Annex A3.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3B224 Classification o
7、f CoppersD235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric TitrationD89
8、3 Test Method for Insolubles in Used Lubricating OilsD6984 Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIF, Spark-Ignition EngineE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with SpecificationsE527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys
9、in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)2.2 ANSI Standard:4ANSI/ISA-S7.3 Quality Standard for Instrument Air2.3 Military Specification:5MIL-L-2105D Lubricating Oil, Gear, Multipurpose2.4 ASTM Adjuncts:6Engineering Drawings1 This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Pr
10、oducts, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.B0.03 on Automotive Gear Lubricants percent output adjustable.6.1.5 ThermocouplesFor determination, recording, and control of the test oil temperature, a 18-in. (3.2 mm) Type J open-tipthermocouple is specified.
11、 Thermocouples for other data measurements may be used as suitable to the user but in all cases shallbe placed behind the baffle plate in the gear box assembly and shall not interfere with normal oil flow patterns during the test.6.1.6 Temperature Recorder, any suitable recording device capable of g
12、enerating a temperature record using the specifiedthermocouples and temperature control devices. Submit temperature traces for tests with the test report.6.1.7 AlternatorUse a Remy model 10-SI Series Type 100, 63 A, 12 V negative ground alternator part number 91751 forloading the gearset.13,11 Modif
13、y the alternator by removing the diode trio and resistor as shown in the circuit diagram in Fig.A7.1.The supplied v-belt pulley may be replaced with a multi-groove (so called micro-v) pulley provided the original metal fan and 1:1pulley ratio are retained.6.1.8 Heater BlowerThe heater blower system
14、shall supply to the insulated oven assembly 29.5 6 5 ft3/min (835 L/min 6142 L/min) of air (at free flow conditions) through the 218-in. (54 mm) diameter blower opening as shown in the engineeringdrawings. The heater blower may be a cage type blower wheel powered by an electric motor or powered by w
15、ay of a toothed beltfrom the main drive shaft.6.1.8.1 Confirm the heater blower system air flow at laboratory ambient conditions with a Preso Low Loss Venturi Meter14,11(2-in. model LPL-200NF-38) with carbon steel body, 14-in. NPT instrument connections and 2-in. 150-lb raised-face processconnection
16、s and a Dwyer digital manometer,15,11 part number 475-00-FM. Perform the verification with the heater elements turnedoff.6.1.8.2 Send the Preso Low Loss Venturi Meter together with the Dwyer digital manometer to the specified calibrationlaboratory16 for cleaning and calibration at least once a year.
17、6.1.9 Air Flow ControllerThe air flow controller17,11 shall be capable of controlling the air supply at a flow rate of (22.08 62.01) mgmin (see Note 1).NOTE 1It has been suggested that 20 to 30 ft (6 m to 9 m) of supply line between the air regulator and the mass air flow meter may help to reduceflo
18、w meter readout fluctuations.6.1.10 Test Gears, one machine tool change gear (34 teeth, with a width of 38-in. (9.5 mm) and one machine tool change gear(50 teeth, with a width of 38-in. (9.5 mm).18,116.1.11 Test Bearing, ball bearing.19,116.1.12 O-ring Seals, O-ring for the seal plate and O-ring for
19、 the cover plate.19,116.1.13 Lip Seals, two Chicago Rawhide or SKF shaft oil lip seals, part number 6383, are required.19,116.1.14 Speedi-sleeve, two Chicago Rawhide or SKF speedi-sleeves, part number 99062, are required.19,116.1.15 Joint Radial Seal, two Chicago Rawhide or SKF joint radial (V-ring)
20、 seals, part number 400164, are required.19,116.1.16 Gear Holder Apparatus, used to hold the test gears during preparation (Annex A9).6.2 Construct all new equipment in accordance with the engineering drawings available as an adjunct from ASTMHeadquarters6 in order to meet calibration requirements.
21、Builders unable to obtain specified parts and wishing to use substitutesshall request approval from ASTM Subcommittee D02.B0.03.7. Reagents and Materials7.1 Air, compressed, instrument quality, meeting ANSI/ISA-S7.3, that limits dew point, maximum particle size, and maximumoil content of the air at
22、the instrument.7.2 Copper Catalyst, cold-rolled, electrolytic tough pitch copper, conforming to UNS (Unified Numbering System) C11000.12,11Shear the two strips from stock of thickness 116-in. (1.6 mm) to approximately 916 by 11316 in. (14 mm by 46 mm).NOTE 2For more information on the classification
23、 of coppers and the Unified Numbering System (UNS), consult Classification B224 and PracticeE527, respectively.10 The sole source of supply known to the committee at this time is Chromolox, Inc., 103 Gamma Dr., Pittsburgh, PA 15238.11 If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this in
24、formation to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will be given careful consideration at a meeting ofthe responsible technical committee,1 which you may attend.12 The sole source of supply known to the committee at this time is Ogden Manufacturing Co., 103 Gamma Dr., Pittsburgh, PA 15238.13 The sole sou
25、rce of supply known to the committee at this time is Remy, 600 Corporation Dr., Pendleton, IN 46064.14 The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is SW Controls Inc., 2525 East Royalton Road, Broadview Heights, OH 44147.15 The sole source of supply of the apparatu
26、s known to the committee at this time is JF Good Company, 11200 Madison Ave., Cleveland, OH 44102.16 Bowser-Morner, 4518 Taylorsville Rd., Dayton, OH 45424.17 The sole source of supply of theAir Flow Controller Model 840-L-1 known to the committee at this time is Sierra Instruments, Inc., 5 Harris C
27、ourt, Bldg. L, Monterey,CA 93940.18 The sole source of supply of the GA-34 and GA-50 gears known to the committee at this time is Boston Gear Works, 14 Hayward St., Quincy, MA 02171.19 The sole source of supply of the R-14 10 ball bearing, No. 2-153 (seal plate O-ring), No. 2-264 (cover plate O-ring
28、), 6383 seals, 400164 seals, and 99062 speedi-sleevesknown to the committee at this time is Motion Industries, 4620 Hinckley Parkway, Cleveland, OH 44109.D5704 1537.3 Organic Cleaning Agent. (WarningCombustible, health hazard (see Annex A3).)20,21,117.4 Silicon Carbide Paper, 180 grit.7.5 Solvent, U
29、se only mineral spirits meeting the requirements of Specification D235, Type II, Class C for Aromatic Content(0 to 2% vol), Flash Point (142F/61 C, min) and Color (not darker than +25 on Saybolt Scale or 25 on Pt-Co Scale).(WarningCombustible. Health hazard.) Obtain a Certificate of Analysis for eac
30、h batch of solvent from the supplier.)7.6 Toluene, commercial grade. (WarningFlammable. Health hazard.) An example of a satisfactory volatile hydrocarbonsolvent.7.7 Heptane, commercial grade. (WarningFlammable. Health hazard.) An example of a satisfactory volatile hydrocarbonsolvent.8. Preparation o
31、f Apparatus8.1 Air Box Temperature Limiting DeviceAfter initial rig installation, preset the oven air temperature limit to 400F (204 C).This can be achieved by placing the insulated oven cover in position on the rig and installing the air temperature sensor at apenetration depth of 3 in. (75 mm) bel
32、ow the top inner surface of the cover. Switch on the heaters and circulating fan. Adjust thetemperature control device to deactivate the heaters when the air temperature reaches 400F (204 C). This oven temperature limitmay later be reduced as outlined in 10.3 to meet rig heat-up requirements.8.2 Tem
33、perature Recording and Controlling InstrumentationSince this test procedure is extremely sensitive to temperature,it is necessary to maintain a periodic check upon the accuracy of all items related to temperature measurement and control.Therefore, immediately after the installation of a new test rig
34、, and before every set of reference tests, calibrate the instrumentationused to measure and record the air and oil temperatures against known standards traceable to NIST.22 For instance, calibrate theoil temperature thermocouple and indicating controller. This can be accomplished by immersing the ti
35、p of the probe into anauxiliary temperature-controlled oil bath equipped with a stirrer. Accurately set the bath temperature at 325F (162.8 C) andconfirm the test measuring equipment to be accurate prior to testing.8.3 Gear CaseUsing the organic cleaning agent (see 7.3), clean the gear case, vent tu
36、be, vent tube baffle, retainer bushings,seal sleeves, case cover plate, seal plate, nuts, studs, flat washers, baffle plate, spacer bushings, bearing bushings and clamp, keys,shaft ends, shaft nuts, and catalysts. Nylon bristle brushes, steel brushes, and long pipe cleaners can be used to aid cleani
37、ng. Donot use any copper or copper-containing brushes or material as a cleaning medium. Following the cleaning procedure with anorganic cleaning agent, wash parts thoroughly with cleaning solvent (see 7.5), and finally with a volatile hydrocarbon solvent (see7.6 or 7.7), to facilitate air drying. Al
38、low parts to air dry.8.4 Test GearsThoroughly clean the test gears with cleaning solvent (see 7.5). Carefully examine the gear teeth for nicks andburrs. Do not use gears with major imperfections. Redress minor gear teeth imperfections with a fine stone or file. After finalexamination, wash gears onc
39、e more with cleaning solvent and finally with a volatile hydrocarbon solvent, to facilitate air drying.Allow gears to air dry.8.4.1 Prepare each gear with new Screen-Kut silicon carbide C-180 paper.23,11 Place a new piece of silicon carbide paper ona solid surface that has a thickness greater than o
40、r equal to 12 in. (12.7 mm). Saturate the entire silicon carbide paper with cleaningsolvent (see 7.5). Use one new piece of silicon carbide paper per gear side, using both sides of the silicon carbide paper asnecessary. Sand both sides of the test gears, with the required gear holder apparatus (6.1.
41、16) on the silicon carbide paper, usinga figure eight motion. Do not apply a downward force to the gear holder while sanding. Sand the gears until the manufacturersmachining marks are removed. After final examination, wash gears once more with cleaning solvent (see 7.5) and finally with avolatile hy
42、drocarbon solvent (see 7.6 or 7.7), to facilitate air drying. Allow gears to air dry. If the gears are not to be usedimmediately, wrap them in a paper towel and Nox-Rust paper.24,118.4.1.1 Discard the test gears if not used within 24 h after polishing is completed.8.5 Test BearingPrior to installati
43、on, wash the test bearing first with cleaning solvent (see 7.5), and finally with a volatilehydrocarbon solvent, to facilitate drying. Allow the bearing to air dry.8.6 Copper Catalyst:8.6.1 Notch one strip for purpose of identification. The notch shall be triangular in shape centered on the long sid
44、e of the strip.Sides of the triangular notch shall be equal and approximately 0.2 in. (approximately 5 mm) in length.8.6.2 Polish both catalyst strips on all six sides with Screen-Kut silicon carbide C-180 paper.23,11 Use either a new piece ofScreen-Kut or one retained from the gear polishing proced
45、ure described in 8.4.1.20 The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is Oakite Products, Inc., 13177 Huron River Dr., Romulus, MI 48174.21 The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is Pentone Corp., 74 Hudson Ave., Tenafly, NJ
46、07670.22 National Institute of Standards and Technology (formerly National Bureau of Standards), Gaithersburg, MD 20899.23 The sole source of supply of the apparatus (Johnson Abrasives Screen-Kut Part No. 11003) known to the committee at this time is Johnson Abrasives Co., Inc., 49Fitzgerald Dr., Ja
47、ffrey, NH 03452, Attn: Scott Johnson (phone: 800-628-8005).24 The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is DaubertVCI, Inc., 1333 Burr Ridge Parkway, Suite 200, Burr Ridge, IL 60527.D5704 1548.6.3 Wipe both catalyst strips with absorbent cotton pads moistened wit
48、h cleaning solvent (see 7.5), and wash with a volatilehydrocarbon solvent, to facilitate drying. Allow catalyst strips to air dry.8.6.4 Record the mass of the catalyst with the notched strip to the nearest 0.0001 g prior to installation. Handle cleaned catalyststrips with one of the following: new n
49、itrile gloves, new latex gloves, tweezers, or ashless filter paper to avoid contamination ofthe catalyst surface from skin contact.8.7 Gear Case AssemblyAssemble the gear case components (see Annex A2 for exploded view).8.7.1 Inspect all parts prior to assembly of the gear case. Replace any parts that would affect proper rig operation (for example,overly worn parts). Parts replacement is left to the discretion of the rig builder.Amodified seal plate, detailed on gear case drawingnumber C-3963-1277-26 may be used to facilitate removal of the lip sea
