1、Designation: D5898/D5898M 96 (Reapproved 2013)Standard Guide forStandard Details for Adhered Sheet Waterproofing11. Scope1.1 This guide covers details for typical conditions encoun-tered in adhered sheet waterproofing on below grade structuresand plazas.1.2 This guide does not cover liquid applied w
2、aterproofing.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-con
3、formancewith the standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproofing3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this guide,refer to Terminology D1079.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 adhered sheet water
4、proofing, na system consistingof one or more plies of organic or glass fiber felts or fabricsapplied in hot or cold bitumens or modified bitumens, or one ormore plies of a manufactured sheet of modified bitumen thatmay be reinforced or laminated with scrim or polyethylene, ora polymeric or vulcanize
5、d elastomeric membrane. The systemis applied directly to concrete or masonry surfaces belowgrade.3.2.2 elevated slab, na framed or suspended concrete slabover a habitable or useable space.3.2.3 fillet, nliquid applied modified bitumen or masticused at internal corners before membrane application to
6、form atransition of less than 90.3.2.4 reinforcement, ngenerally, one or more strips ofmembrane, felts, or fabrics, installed at corners and overconstruction joints.3.3 Abbreviations:3.3.1 LAMliquid applied membrane.3.3.2 SSstainless steel.3.3.3 EJexpansion joint.3.3.4 NRnot recommended.3.3.5 MTLnon
7、corrosive metal.4. Significance and Use4.1 This guide illustrates general details for below grade andplaza waterproofing. It serves as a guide that will enable thedesigner to prepare complete waterproofing details for eachspecific condition that occurs on a project.5. Drawings5.1 This guide is not a
8、ll inclusive. The designer shoulddetail all typical and special conditions on the project, payingparticular attention to transitions in plane and intersection ofdifferent details. The applicator should provide shop drawingsof each condition to confirm field conditions and to verify hisunderstanding
9、of the design intent.5.2 Waterproofing membranes and reinforcement are indi-cated on the figures as a single thick line, regardless of thenumber of plies.5.3 Protection layers have been omitted for clarity. SeeSection 6.6. Protection6.1 Protection materials are required over all waterproofingto prev
10、ent damage from backfill, reinforcing chairs, andconstruction traffic, unless the membrane system incorporatesan integral protection layer. Protection also is required wheremembranes terminate above grade and may be exposed toultraviolet light.6.2 Materials for protection include: asphalt compositio
11、nboards, plastic drainage panels, low density expanded polysty-rene boards, and extruded polystyrene insulation. Low densityexpanded polystyrene boards and some types of plastic drain-age panels are not suitable for protection on horizontal sur-faces. Protection materials are loose-laid on horizonta
12、l mem-branes and attached to vertical membranes with compatibleadhesives. They should be installed as soon as possible afterthe membrane, or each portion of it, is completed or watertested.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on Roofing andWaterproofing and is the direct respo
13、nsibility of Subcommittee D08.22 on Water-proofing and Dampproofing Systems.Current edition approved May 1, 2013. Published May 2013. Originallyapproved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D5898 96 (2005)1.DOI: 10.1520/D5898_D5898M-96R13.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM
14、website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United S
15、tates17. Reinforcement7.1 Reinforcement is required for built-up and modifiedbitumen membranes at transitions, such as internal and externalcorners and at static concrete construction joints and cracks.Reinforcement also is required where reinforcing bars, pipes,and conduits penetrate the membrane.
16、Separate reinforcementgenerally is not required for polymeric and vulcanized elasto-meric membranes.7.2 Reinforcement usually is installed before the membranebut may be applied over it. Refer to the membrane manufac-turer for details.7.3 The minimum reinforcement is one ply. Systems using amultiple
17、ply membrane usually require two or more reinforce-ment plies, whereas single ply modified bitumen systemsgenerally require one.7.4 When additional plies are used as reinforcement, theyshould extend at least 150 mm 6 in. beyond the corner orpenetration and each succeeding ply should extend 75 mm 3in
18、. beyond the previous ply.7.5 Where reinforcing bars penetrate waterproofing, such asat rock anchors and wall to slab transitions, they should besealed with reinforcing plies finger cut around the bars or liquidapplied membrane or both.7.6 Some manufacturers require cementitious cants or aliquid app
19、lied waterproofing or mastic fillet at reentrant angles,chamfered external corners, and other special conditions to beimplemented during construction. These should be indicatedon project details.7.7 Details should recognize the normal sequencing ofconstruction. Foundation walls may be cast before or
20、 afterslabs on grade. Structural slabs are cast after walls. Water-proofing of individual elements frequently follows thissequence, for example, walls are waterproofed before thestructural slab is cast. The resultant cold joints may bedynamic.8. Penetrations8.1 Flashing at penetrations should accomm
21、odate differen-tial movement between the slab and the pipe, conduit, or drain.For built-up and modified bitumen membranes, lead reinforc-ing is recommended where pipes or drains are installed insleeves but is optional where they are cast into the wall or slab.Cast iron drains, cast into the slab wit
22、h flanges flush with orslightly below the slab, are preferred. Additional plies ofreinforcement should be installed at drains.8.2 Wearing courses on plaza decks move differentiallyfrom the structural slab. To prevent damage to the drainagesystem or flashing rupture from this movement, drains shouldb
23、e installed in the structural slab with inlets in the wearingcourse divorced from the drain body.9. Expansion Joints9.1 Structural expansion joints should be designed to permitindependent movement of structural elements on each side ofthe joint. Control joints should be located to permit non-reversi
24、ble movement and may be dynamic. The size andlocation of expansion and control joints should be determinedby the structural engineer. Expansion joint covers should bedesigned to maintain continuity at all changes in plane. Theyshould be designed to prevent displacement when subjected towater pressur
25、e. Where they occur in elevated slabs, they shouldbe raised above the surface. Control joints are not detailed asexpansion joints but should be reinforced in all membranesystems.10. Structural Items10.1 Water stops, keyways, and other structural elementsthat are frequently installed in construction
26、and control jointsare not indicated on the details.11. Mud Mats11.1 Mud mats are cast on the subgrade to support water-proofing. Protection boards and tamped sand beds may beacceptable alternates with some manufacturers.12. Planters, Bench, and Equipment Supports12.1 Waterproofing membranes on horiz
27、ontal surfacesshould be carried under planters and supports without inter-ruption. Such items should be installed on the concreteprotection slab. Waterproofing of planters should be indepen-dent of the slab waterproofing.13. Explanatory Notes13.1 Fig. 1Standard details for adhered sheet waterproof-i
28、ng.13.2 Fig. 2This detail is applicable to tunnels and condi-tions where the width of excavations is limited.Alternately, themud mat may be omitted and waterproofing applied to the topof a structural slab and turned down to the toe. Then,waterproofing is covered with a cementitious wearing course.13
29、.3 Fig. 3Slab with mud mat.13.4 Fig. 4Footing with mud mat.13.5 Fig. 5This detail is applicable to conditions wherethere is no hydrostatic head below the slab.13.6 Fig. 6, Fig. 7, and Fig. 8Where internal and externalvertical corners meet horizontal surfaces, isometric drawingsprepared by the design
30、er or applicator are required to indicatethe assembly of the overlapping plies.13.7 Fig. 9 and Fig. 10Waterproofing should not beterminated below grade. Even when a reglet is used toterminate the sheet, or a cap flashing is installed in a reglet,water can migrate behind the sheet through cracks abov
31、e thereglet. Because most of the adhered sheet waterproofingmaterials are subject to degradation by ultraviolet light or heat,it is recommended that foundation waterproofing be carried toa brick shelf or haunch below grade and terminated. This willpermit it to be protected until cladding above is in
32、stalled.Counterflashing should be carried at least 200 mm 8 in. abovegrade behind a permanent cladding. Suitable cladding materi-als at or below grade include granite and similar low permeablestones, SW grade brick, precast concrete, cement plaster andD5898/D5898M 96 (2013)2corrosion-resistant metal
33、. The dotted line indicates that adense, impervious protection board is required under themasonry.13.8 Fig. 11 and Fig. 12These details are applicablewhere foundation walls are extended 300 mm 12 in. or moreabove grade. Waterproofing should be extended to a brick shelfwhere the top edge can be seale
34、d and protected by cap flashing.The membrane is promptly covered with a protection layer.Finishes, such as stucco or insulation and stucco, are appliedover the protection layer.13.9 Fig. 13 and Fig. 14These details are applicable towalls or parapets supported by the slab where the verticalelement is
35、 supported on the slab and the joint is not dynamic.Horizontal waterproofing is elevated 37 mm 1.5 in. above theslab on a cast-in-place cant, 100 mm 4 in. wide. A compress-ible filler is required between wearing surface assemblies andthe protection layer over the membrane. Protection board isrequire
36、d between the membrane and the metal flashing. It isrecommended that the flashing terminate in a receiver to permitinstallation of the metal cap flashing after masonry is com-pleted and to provide a suitable surface for the caulking. Fig.14 depicts a method of concealing the base flashing.13.10 Fig.
37、 15This detail is applicable to expansion jointsin the elevated slab. The joint is raised as in Fig. 13. Expansionjoint covers in the plane of the elevated slab should be avoided.A compressible closed cell neoprene tube or proprietaryformed member is used to permit the membrane to flex. Aplastic, ne
38、oprene, butyl or polymer-modified bitumen ham-mock is installed to support the tubing, act as a bitumen stopand as a vapor retarder. Although insulation reduces the heatloss, it may lower the temperature of the vapor retarder belowthe dewpoint temperature. The first ply over the tube should bean ela
39、stomeric material similar to the hammock and disbondedfrom the tube. One or more plies of elastomeric material thenare applied extending over the slab. The alternate proprietaryformed member does not require a hammock. While theelimination of the hammock reduces the redundancy of thejoint cover, it
40、does offer more convenient leak detectability. Agutter under the expansion joint is optional with the hammocksystem but strongly recommended without it.FIG. 1 Standard Details for Adhered Sheet WaterproofingD5898/D5898M 96 (2013)313.11 Fig. 16This detail is applicable to walls or parapetsthat are no
41、t supported by the elevated slab, where the joint isdynamic. Comments in Paragraph 13.9 apply to Fig. 16.13.12 Fig. 17This detail is applicable to an expansionjoint in a foundation wall.FIG. 2 Tunnel with Mud MatFIG. 3 Slab with Mud MatD5898/D5898M 96 (2013)413.13 Fig. 18Penetrations through horizon
42、tal water-proofed surfaces are usually conduits and water piping. Flash-ing should extend a minimum of 200 mm 8 in. above grade.FIG. 4 Footing with Mud MatFIG. 5 Footing with Raised SlabD5898/D5898M 96 (2013)513.14 Fig. 19A modular mechanical seal of interlockingrubber links, for example, linkseal,3
43、may be used as analternate to oakum and lead.13.15 Fig. 20Drain strainer frames should not be designedto support wearing courses. Drain strainers and their frames,however, should be designed to support anticipated vehicularloads of snow removal equipment, maintenance vehicles, fireengines, and the l
44、ike. Lead, if used, should be carried into thedrain bowl. Membrane and reinforcing should lap drain flanges100 mm 4 in. and be secured with clamping rings. Sedimentbuckets are recommended where wearing surfaces are waterpermeable and where debris is expected.14. Keywords14.1 expansion joints; flashi
45、ng; mud mats; protection layer;reinforcement; waterproofing3The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis Thunderline Link-Seal, 19500 Victor Parkway, Suite 275, Livonia, MI. If you areaware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM Interna-
46、tional Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meetingof the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.FIG. 6 Exterior CornerFIG. 7 Interior CornerD5898/D5898M 96 (2013)6FIG. 8 Slab at FoundationFIG. 9 Termination on FoundationD5898/D5898M 96 (2013)7FIG. 10 Te
47、rmination on Foundation with Brick ShelfNOTE 1Exterior foundation finish may vary.FIG. 11 Termination on Foundation Above GradeD5898/D5898M 96 (2013)8NOTE 1Exterior foundation finish may vary.FIG. 12 Termination on Foundation Above Grade with InsulationD5898/D5898M 96 (2013)9FIG. 13 Plaza Waterproof
48、ing Termination of Brick Faced WallD5898/D5898M 96 (2013)10FIG. 14 Plaza Waterproofing Termination of Stone Faced WallD5898/D5898M 96 (2013)11FIG. 15 Plaza Expansion JointFIG. 16 Plaza Waterproofing Termination of Expansion JointD5898/D5898M 96 (2013)12FIG. 17 Foundation Wall Expansion JointFIG. 18
49、Pipe/Conduit PenetrationD5898/D5898M 96 (2013)13FIG. 19 Pipe/Conduit Through FoundationD5898/D5898M 96 (2013)14FIG. 20 DrainD5898/D5898M 96 (2013)15ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision
