1、Designation:D611310 Designation: D6113 11An American National StandardStandard Test Method forUsing a Cone Calorimeter to Determine Fire-Test-ResponseCharacteristics of Insulating Materials Contained inElectrical or Optical Fiber Cables1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6113; the
2、number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Sc
3、ope*1.1 This is a fire-test-response standard.1.2 Several fire-test-response characteristics, including the time to sustained flaming, heat release rate, total heat released,effective heat of combustion, and specific extinction area; are measured or calculated by this test method at a constant radia
4、ntheating flux. For specific limitations see also 5.7 and Section 6.1.3 The tests are conducted by burning the electrical insulating materials contained in electrical or optical fiber cables when thecable test specimens, excluding accessories, are subjected to radiant heat.1.4 The values stated in S
5、I units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and hea
6、lth practices and determine the applicability or regulatorylimitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 7.1.6 This standard measures and describes the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlledconditions, but does not by itself i
7、ncorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, productsor assemblies under actual fire conditions.1.7 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting thesetests.2. Referenced Documents2.1
8、ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical InsulationD5424 Test Method for Smoke Obscuration of Insulating Materials Contained in Electrical or Optical Fiber Cables WhenBurning in a Vertical Cable Tray ConfigurationD5485 Test Method fo
9、r Determining the Corrosive Effect of Combustion Products Using the Cone CorrosimeterD5537 Test Method for Heat Release, Flame Spread, Smoke Obscuration, and Mass Loss Testing of Insulating MaterialsContained in Electrical or Optical Fiber Cables When Burning in a Vertical Cable Tray ConfigurationE1
10、76 Terminology of Fire StandardsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test MethodE906 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using a Thermopile MethodE1354 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates fo
11、r Materials and Products Using an Oxygen ConsumptionCalorimeterE1474 Test Method for Determining the Heat Release Rate of Upholstered Furniture and Mattress Components or CompositesUsing a Bench Scale Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter2.2 CSA Standard:CSA C22.2 No. 0.3, FT4, Vertical Flame Tests: Cables
12、 in Cable Trays, Section 4.11.4 in C22.2 No. 0.3, Test Methods forElectrical Wires and Cables31This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD09.21 on Fire Performance Standards.Curre
13、nt edition approved MarchApril 1, 2010.2011. Published April 2010.2011. Originally approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2009 asD611309.D611310. DOI: 10.1520/D6113-101.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.
14、org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3Available from Canadian Standards Association (CSA), 5060 Spectrum Way, Mississauga, ON L4W 5N6, Canada, http:/www.csa.ca.1This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended
15、 only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current v
16、ersionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.2.3 IEC Standards:IEC 60695-4 Fire
17、Hazard Testing. Part 4: Terminology Concerning Fire Tests4IEC 60695-5-2 Fire Hazard Testing. Part 5: Assessment of Potential Corrosion Damage by Fire Effluent - Section 2: Guidanceon the Selection and Use of Test Methods42.4 IEEE Standard:IEEE 1202 Standard for Flame Testing of Cables for Use in Cab
18、le Tray in Industrial and Commercial Occupancies, IEEEStandard 120252.5 ISO Standards:ISO 13943 Fire Safety: Vocabulary6ISO 11907-4 PlasticsSmoke GenerationDetermination of the Corrosivity of Fire EffluentsPart 4: Dynamic Decompo-sition Method Using a Conical Radiant Heater62.6 NFPA Standard:NFPA 26
19、2 Standard Method of Test for Flame Travel and Smoke of Wires and Cables for Use in Air-Handling Spaces72.7 OSHA Standard:OSHA 191.1450 Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories82.8 UL Standards:ANSI/UL 1581 Reference Standard for Electrical Wires, Cables, and Flexible Cords9ANSI/
20、UL 1666 Standard Test for Flame Propagation Height of Electrical and Optical-Fiber Cables Installed Vertically inShafts9ANSI/UL 1685 Standard Vertical Tray Fire Propagation and Smoke Release Test for Electrical and Optical Fiber Cables93. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms use
21、d in this test method and associated with fire issues use Terminology E176, ISO 13943 andIEC 60695-4. Where differences exist in definitions, those contained in Terminology E176 shall be used. Use Terminology D1711for definitions of terms used in this test method and associated with electrical insul
22、ation materials.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 cone calorimeter, nthe apparatus which is used in Test Method E1354 to determine heat release rate, by the principleof oxygen consumption calorimetry, and other fire-test-response characteristics.3.2.2 effective heat of combust
23、ion, nthe ratio of the measured heat release to the mass loss, under specified test conditions.3.2.2.1 DiscussionThe effective heat of combustion is a function of the test conditions, including heating flux, exposure timeand test specimen geometry.3.2.3 heat release rate, nthe calorific energy relea
24、sed per unit time by the combustion of a material under specified testconditions.3.2.4 heating flux, nthe prescribed incident power per unit area of test specimen, the power being imposed externally fromthe heater onto the test specimen at the initiation of the test.3.2.4.1 DiscussionThe test specim
25、en, once ignited, is also heated by its own flame.3.2.5 ignitability, nthe measure of the ease with which a specimen can be ignited due to the influence of an external energysource, under specified test conditions.3.2.6 net heat of combustion, nthe quantity of heat released by the complete combustio
26、n of a unit mass of the material, thewater produced being in the vapor state.3.2.7 orientation, nthe plane in which the exposed face of the test specimen is located during testing, which is horizontalfacing up for this test.3.2.8 oxygen consumption principle, nthe expression of the relationship betw
27、een the mass of oxygen consumed duringcombustion and the heat released.3.2.9 smoke obscuration, nthe reduction in visibility due to the smoke.3.2.10 specific extinction area, na measure of smoke obscuration potential per unit mass lost, determined as the product ofthe extinction coefficient and the
28、volumetric mass flow rate, divided by the mass loss rate.3.2.11 sustained flaming, nexistence of flame on or over the surface of the test specimen for periods of4sormore.3.2.11.1 DiscussionFlaming of less than 4 s duration is identified as flashing or transitory flaming.3.2.12 total heat released, n
29、integrated value of the rate of heat release, for a specified time period.4Available from International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 3 rue de Varemb, Case postale 131, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iec.ch.5Available from Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEE
30、E), 445 Hoes Ln., P.O. Box 1331, Piscataway, NJ 08854-1331, http:/www.ieee.org.6Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de la Voie-Creuse, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iso.ch.7Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA
31、), 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http:/www.nfpa.org.8Available from Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), 200 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20210, http:/www.osha.gov.9Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 333 Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062-2096, ht
32、tp:/.D6113 1124. Summary of Test Method4.1 All fire-test-response characteristics in this test method are determined using the apparatus and procedures described in TestMethod E1354. See also 9 and 10.4.2 The oxygen consumption principle, used in this test method, is based on the observation that, g
33、enerally, the net heat ofcombustion is directly related to the amount of oxygen required for combustion (1).10Approximately 13.1 MJ of heat are releasedper 1 kg of oxygen consumed. Test specimens in this test method are burned in ambient air conditions, while being subjected toa prescribed external
34、heating flux. (See also X5.1).4.3 The heat release is determined by the measurement of the oxygen consumption, as determined by the oxygen concentrationand the flow rate in the combustion product stream, as described in Test Method E1354.4.4 The primary measurements are oxygen concentration and exha
35、ust gas flow rate. Additional measurements include the timeto sustained flaming, the smoke obscuration generated, the mass loss rate, and the effective heat of combustion. Ignitability isdetermined by measuring the time from initial exposure to time of sustained flaming of the test specimen.4.5 A co
36、ne calorimeter is used to measure the consumption of oxygen during this test; heat release is then calculated, based onthe oxygen consumption principle. The test specimen is mounted horizontally and a spark ignition source is employed.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is used to determine
37、the heat release rate and a number of other fire-test-response characteristics as a resultof exposing insulating materials contained in electrical or optical cables to a prescribed heating flux in the cone calorimeterapparatus.5.2 Quantitative heat release measurements provide information that is po
38、tentially useful for design of electrical or opticalcables, and product development.5.3 Heat release measurements provide useful information for product development by giving a quantitative measure of specificchanges in fire performance caused by component and composite modifications. Heat release d
39、ata from this test method will notbe predictive of product behavior if the product will not spread flame over its surface under the fire exposure conditions of interest.5.4 The fire-test-response characteristics determined by this test method are affected by the thickness of the material used as tes
40、tspecimen, whether as a plaque or as coating on a wire or cable. The diameter of the wire or cable used will also affect the testresults.5.5 A radiant exposure is used as an energy source for this test method. This type of source has been used for comparison withheat release rate and flame spread st
41、udies of insulating materials constructed into cables when burning in a vertical cable trayconfiguration (Test Methods D5424 and D5537) (2-9). No definitive relationships have been established.5.6 The value of heat release rate corresponding to the critical limit between propagating cable fires and
42、non-propagating firesis not known.5.7 This test method does not determine the net heat of combustion.5.8 It has not been demonstrated that this test method is capable of predicting the response of electrical or optical fiber cablesin a full scale fire. In particular, this test method does not addres
43、s the self-extinguishing characteristics of the cables in a full scalefire.6. Test Limitations6.1 If during the test of one or more of the three replicate test specimens, any of the following unusual behavior occurs: moltenmaterial overflows the specimen holder trough; a test specimen is displaced f
44、rom the zone of controlled irradiance (explosivespalling); or the test specimen swells sufficiently prior to ignition to touch the spark plug or swells up to the plane of the heaterbase during combustion; then test an additional specimen of the identical preconditioned test specimens in the test mod
45、e in whichthe unusual behavior occurred. Do not incorporate data obtained from the tests noted above, yielding inadequate results, in theaveraged data but report the occurrence. This test method is not suitable if more than three out of six test specimens tested showany of the above characteristics.
46、6.2 The applicability of this test method to smoldering ignition of cables has not been demonstrated. This test method is notsuitable for incident heat fluxes below 10 kW/m2.6.3 The validity of the results of this test method for a particular scenario depends on the conditions under which the tests
47、areconducted. In particular, it has been established that the use of a different heating flux will change relative results.7. Safety Precautions7.1 The test procedures involve high temperatures and combustion processes. Hazards therefore exist for burns, ignition ofextraneous objects or clothing, an
48、d inhalation of combustion products. The operator must take appropriate precautions during theinsertion and removal of the test specimens, for example, by using protective gloves. Do not touch either the cone heater or theassociated fixtures while hot, except with the use of appropriate protective g
49、ear.10The boldface numbers given in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of this test method.D6113 1137.2 Vent the combustion products flowing through the exposure chamber through a properly designed exhaust system. Anadequate method of venting the combustion products captured in the exposure chamber during the test is through an OSHAapproved smoke hood11at the end of a test.7.3 Check the exhaust system for proper operation before testing and discharge into a building exhaust system with adequatecapacity. Make provisions for col
