1、Designation: D6461/D6461M 16Standard Specification forSilt Fence Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6461/D6461M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in par
2、entheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methodsfor geotextile fabrics and associated components used intemporary silt fence applications. Th
3、is is a material purchasingspecification based on AASHTO M288.1.2 This specification is applicable to the use of a geotextileas a vertical permeable interceptor designed to remove sus-pended soil from overland, nonconcentrated water flow. Thefunction of a temporary silt fence is to trap and allowset
4、tlement of soil particles from sediment laden water. Thepurpose is to greatly limit the transport of eroded soil from theconstruction site by water runoff.NOTE 1It should be noted that proper installation and maintenance arecritical for the effective functioning of silt fence.1.3 The tests used to c
5、haracterize the silt fence are intendedto ensure good workmanship and quality and are not necessar-ily adequate for design purposes in view of the wide variety ofpossible sediments and performance objectives.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as
6、 standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents, therefore eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.NOTE 2Although this specification should be acceptable in mosterosion control ap
7、plications, it should be noted that an alternative siltfence specification with a higher flow rate, may be required in areas thatare susceptible to higher water runoff.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD276 Test Methods for Identification of Fibers in Te
8、xtilesD653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and ContainedFluidsD4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics and RolledErosion Control Products(RECPs) for TestingD4355 Test Method for Deterioration of Geotextiles byExposure to Light, Moisture and Heat in a Xenon ArcType ApparatusD4439 Terminology
9、for GeosyntheticsD4491 Test Methods for Water Permeability of Geotextilesby PermittivityD4632 Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and Elongationof GeotextilesD4751 Test Method for DeterminingApparent Opening Sizeof a GeotextileD4759 Practice for Determining the Specification Confor-mance of Geosynthe
10、ticsD4873 Guide for Identification, Storage, and Handling ofGeosynthetic Rolls and SamplesD6637 Test Method for Determining Tensile Properties ofGeogrids by the Single or Multi-Rib Tensile Method2.2 AASHTO Standard:M288-15 Standard Specification for Geotextile Specifica-tion for Highway Applications
11、33. Materials and Manufacture3.1 Fibers used in the manufacture of geotextiles for siltfence, and the threads used in joining geotextiles by sewing,shall consist of long-chain synthetic polymers composed of atleast 95 % by weight of polyolefin or polyester. They shall beformed into a stable network
12、such that the filaments or yarnsretain their dimensional stability relative to each other, includ-ing selvages.3.2 Geotextiles and related materials used for temporary siltfence shall conform to the physical requirements of Sections 7and 8.3.3 All property values, with the exception of apparentopeni
13、ng size (AOS), in this specification represent minimumaverage roll values (MARV) in the weakest principle direction1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soiland Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.25 on Erosion andSediment Control Technology.Cur
14、rent edition approved July 1, 2016. Published July 2016. Originally approvedin 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D6461 99 (2007)2, which waswithdrawn February 2016 and reinstated in July 2016. DOI: 10.1520/D6461_D6461M-16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm
15、.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Association of State Highway and TransportationOfficials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249
16、, Washington, DC 20001,http:/www.transportation.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1(that is, average test results of any roll in a lot sampled forconformance or quality assurance testing shall meet or exceedthe minimu
17、m value provided herein). Values forAOS representmaximum average roll values.4. Sampling, Testing, and Acceptance4.1 Silt fence shall be subject to sampling and testing toverify conformance with this specification. Sampling for test-ing shall be in accordance with Practice D4354. Acceptanceshall be
18、based on testing of conformance samples obtainedusing Procedure A of Practice D4354. A lot size for confor-mance or quality assurance sampling shall be considered to bethe shipment quantity of the given product or a truckload of thegiven product, whichever is smaller.4.2 Testing shall be performed i
19、n accordance with the testmethods referenced in this specification for the indicatedapplication. The number of specimens to test per sample (seeTerminology D653) is specified by each test method. Geotex-tile product acceptance shall be based on Practice D4759.Product acceptance is determined by comp
20、aring the averagetest results of all specimens within a given sample to thespecification MARV. Refer to Practice D4759 for more detailsregarding geotextile acceptance procedures.5. Certification5.1 The contractor shall provide to the Engineer a certificatestating the name of the manufacturer, produc
21、t name, stylenumber, chemical composition of the filaments or yarns andother pertinent information related to posts, post spacing,support mesh, and other components to fully describe the siltfence system.5.2 The manufacturer is responsible for establishing andmaintaining a quality control program to
22、 assure compliancewith the requirements of the controlling material specification.Documentation describing the quality control program shall bemade available upon request.5.3 The manufacturers certificate shall state that the fur-nished silt fence materials meet the requirements of thecontrolling sp
23、ecification as evaluated under the manufacturersquality control program. The certificate shall be attested to bya person having legal authority to bind the manufacturer.5.4 Either mislabeling or misrepresentation of materialsshall be reason to reject those silt fence materials.6. Shipment and Storag
24、e6.1 Silt fence labeling, shipment and storage shall followGuide D4873. Product labels shall clearly show the manufac-turer or supplier name, style name, and roll number. Eachshipping document shall include a notation certifying that thematerial is in accordance with the manufacturers certificate.6.
25、2 Each silt fence roll may be wrapped with a material thatwill protect the geotextile from damage due to shipment, water,sunlight, and contaminants; however, silt fence that has beenfabricated with wooden stakes shall not be wrapped due tocondensation rotting the stakes within the covering. Ifapplic
26、able, the protective wrapping shall be maintained duringperiods of shipment and storage.6.3 During storage, silt fence rolls shall be elevated off theground and adequately covered to protect them from thefollowingsite construction damage, precipitation, extendedultraviolet radiation including sunlig
27、ht, strong acids or strongbases, flames including welding sparks, temperatures in excessof 160F 71C, and any other environmental condition thatmay damage the physical properties of the geotextile.7. Temporary Silt Fence Material Requirements7.1 The geotextile used for temporary silt fence may or may
28、not be supported between posts with wire or polymeric mesh.The temporary silt fence geotextile shall meet the requirementsof Table 1. Grab strength and permittivity values in Table 1represent minimum average roll values (MARV). Values forAOS represent maximum average roll values (MaxARV).Ultraviolet
29、 stability values are typical values.7.2 As a general rule, the minimum height above ground forall silt fence should be 18 in. 450 mm and a maximum of 30in. 750 mm, see Note 3 discussing the maximum heightabove ground. Minimum embedment depth shall be 6 in. 150mm. Thus, as a general rule, the minimu
30、m silt fence widthshould be 3 ft 900 mm.7.3 Maximum post spacing shall be based on the fabricsupport or, if unsupported, on elongation as measured inaccordance with Test Method D4632. Supported silt fence shallTABLE 1 Temporary Silt Fence Material Property RequirementsTest Methods UnitsSupportedASil
31、t FenceUnsupportedASilt Fence Type of ValueGrab Strength ASTM D4632 N lbMachine Direction 400 N 550 N MARV90 lb 124 lbX-Machine Direction 400 N 450 N MARV90 lb 101 lbPermittivity ASTM D4491 sec-1 0.05 0.05 MARVApparent Opening Size ASTM D4751 mm 0.60 0.60 Max. ARV(US Sieve #) (30) (30)Ultraviolet St
32、ability ASTM D4355 %RetainedStrength70 % after500hofexposure70 % after500hofexposureTypicalASilt fence support shall consist of 14 gage steel wire with maximum openings of 6 by 6 in. or prefabricated polymer mesh of 200 by 200 lb/ft in accordance with Test MethodD6637.D6461/D6461M 162have a maximum
33、post spacing of 10 ft 3 m. Unsupported siltfence with elongation 50 % shall have a maximum postspacing of 4 ft 1.2 m. Unsupported silt fence with elongation50 % shall have a maximum post spacing of 6.5 ft 2 m.NOTE 3The recommended maximum height of 30 in. 750 mm isdesigned to trap the flowing sedime
34、nt without creating a serious down-stream flooding problem if the silt fence experienced a total rupture. Inaddition, the maximum silt fence height must take into account theenvironmental conditions of the area of installation to, for example, avoida situation where the silt fence could cause the le
35、vel of the retained waterto rise to a level that would flood an adjacent structure. In that situation,it would be necessary to use a lower height silt fence above ground andconsideration should be given to using multiple properly spaced silt fencesto slow the velocity of the water flow and provide f
36、or additional siltcollection without the risk of harmful flooding.8. Related Material Requirements8.1 Wood, steel, or synthetic support posts having a mini-mum length of 4 ft 1.2 m may be used. They shall havesufficient strength to resist damage during installation and tosupport the applied loads du
37、e to material build up behind thesilt fence.NOTE 4It has been found that hardwood posts having dimensions ofat least 1.2 by 1.2 in. 30 by 30 mm, No. 2 Southern Pine at least 2.5 by2.5 in. 65 by 65 mm or steel posts of U, T, L, or C shape, weighing ata minimum 1.15 lb/ft 1.75 kg/m have performed sati
38、sfactorily.8.2 Wire or polymer support fence shall be at least 2.5 ft750 mm high and strong enough to support applied loads.Polymer support fences shall meet the same ultraviolet degra-dation requirements as the geotextile. Polymer mesh shall havea minimum ultimate tensile strength of 200 lb/ft in b
39、othmachine and cross direction measured in accordance with TestMethod D6637.NOTE 5Wire support fence shall be 14 g steel wire and a maximumopening size of 6 by 6 in. 150 by 150 mm.9. Keywords9.1 geotextile; sediment control; silt fenceASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of a
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