1、Designation: D6763 08 (Reapproved 2014)D6763 16Standard Guide forTesting Exterior Wood Stains and Clear Water Repellents1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6763; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the
2、 year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers the selection and use of procedures for testing exterior wood stains and clear water repell
3、ents. Thisincludes both water borne and solvent borne semitransparent and opaque stains and clear water repellents. The properties that canbe examined or, in some cases, the relevant test procedures are listed in 2.1 and 2.2.NOTE 1The term “opaque stain” is defined as a pigmented composition intende
4、d for use on wooden surfaces to produce a uniform finish that obscuresthe grain and color of the wood, but not its surface texture; also called solid color or solid hide.NOTE 2The term “semitransparent” is defined as a pigmented composition intended for use on wooden surfaces to produce a uniform fi
5、nish that doesnot fully obscure the grain or the texture of the wood.NOTE 3The term “clear” is defined as a transparent composition intended for use on wooden surfaces to produce a uniform finish that does not obscurethe grain or texture of the wood.1.1.1 DiscussionWhen applied to woods that differ
6、in color, there is a color difference between stained substrates.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard
7、may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address allof the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriatesafety and health practices and determine the applicability
8、of regulatory requirements prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D16 Terminology for Paint, Related Coatings, Materials, and ApplicationsD56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup TesterD93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup TesterD154 Guide for Testin
9、g VarnishesD185 Test Methods for Coarse Particles in PigmentsD215 Practice for the Chemical Analysis of White Linseed Oil Paints (Withdrawn 2005)3D344 Test Method for Relative Hiding Power of Paints by the Visual Evaluation of BrushoutsD358 Specification for Wood to Be Used as Panels in Weathering T
10、ests of Coatings (Withdrawn 2014)3D522 Test Methods for Mandrel Bend Test of Attached Organic CoatingsD523 Test Method for Specular GlossD562 Test Method for Consistency of Paints Measuring Krebs Unit (KU) Viscosity Using a Stormer-Type ViscometerD660 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Checking of
11、 Exterior PaintsD661 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Cracking of Exterior PaintsD662 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Erosion of Exterior PaintsD714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of PaintsD772 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Flaking (Scaling) of Exterior PaintsD869 Te
12、st Method for Evaluating Degree of Settling of PaintD968 Test Methods for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by Falling Abrasive1 This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD
13、01.42 on Architectural Coatings.Current edition approved Sept. 15, 2014Feb. 1, 2016. Published September 2014February 2016. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 20082014as D6763 08.D6763 08 (2014). DOI: 10.1520/D6763-08R14.10.1520/D6763-16.2 For referencedASTM standards, vi
14、sit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.This docu
15、ment is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as
16、appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D1006 Practice for Conducting Exterior Exposure Tests of
17、Paints on WoodD1038 Terminology Relating to Veneer and PlywoodD1210 Test Method for Fineness of Dispersion of Pigment-Vehicle Systems by Hegman-Type GageD1296 Test Method for Odor of Volatile Solvents and DiluentsD1475 Test Method For Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks, and Related ProductsD1554 Termi
18、nology Relating to Wood-Base Fiber and Particle Panel MaterialsD1640 Test Methods for Drying, Curing, or Film Formation of Organic CoatingsD1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and Color Differences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque MaterialsD1849 Test Method for Package Stability of PaintD219
19、6 Test Methods for Rheological Properties of Non-Newtonian Materials by Rotational ViscometerD2197 Test Method for Adhesion of Organic Coatings by Scrape AdhesionD2243 Test Method for Freeze-Thaw Resistance of Water-Borne CoatingsD2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differenc
20、es from Instrumentally Measured Color CoordinatesD2245 Test Method for Identification of Oils and Oil Acids in Solvent-Reducible PaintsD2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of CoatingsD2370 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Organic CoatingsD2371 Test Method for Pigment Content of Solvent-Reduci
21、ble PaintsD2372 Practice for Separation of Vehicle From Solvent-Reducible PaintsD2486 Test Methods for Scrub Resistance of Wall PaintsD2574 Test Method for Resistance of Emulsion Paints in the Container to Attack by MicroorganismsD2621 Test Method for Infrared Identification of Vehicle Solids From S
22、olvent-Reducible PaintsD2697 Test Method for Volume Nonvolatile Matter in Clear or Pigmented CoatingsD2805 Test Method for Hiding Power of Paints by ReflectometryD3168 Practice for Qualitative Identification of Polymers in Emulsion PaintsD3273 Test Method for Resistance to Growth of Mold on the Surf
23、ace of Interior Coatings in an Environmental ChamberD3274 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Surface Disfigurement of Paint Films by Fungal orAlgal Growth, or Soil and DirtAccumulationD3278 Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by Small Scale Closed-Cup ApparatusD3359 Test Methods for Measuring
24、Adhesion by Tape TestD3456 Practice for Determining by Exterior Exposure Tests the Susceptibility of Paint Films to Microbiological AttackD3719 Test Method for Quantifying Dirt Collection on Coated Exterior Panels (Withdrawn 2009)3D3723 Test Method for Pigment Content of Water-Emulsion Paints by Low
25、-Temperature AshingD3793 Test Method for Low-Temperature Coalescence of Latex Paint Films by Porosity Measurement (Withdrawn 2012)3D3925 Practice for Sampling Liquid Paints and Related Pigmented CoatingsD3928 Test Method for Evaluation of Gloss or Sheen UniformityD3960 Practice for Determining Volat
26、ile Organic Compound (VOC) Content of Paints and Related CoatingsD4017 Test Method for Water in Paints and Paint Materials by Karl Fischer MethodD4060 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber AbraserD4062 Test Method for Leveling of Paints by Draw-Down MethodD4141 Practic
27、e for Conducting Black Box and Solar Concentrating Exposures of CoatingsD4212 Test Method for Viscosity by Dip-Type Viscosity CupsD4214 Test Methods for Evaluating the Degree of Chalking of Exterior Paint FilmsD4287 Test Method for High-Shear Viscosity Using a Cone/Plate ViscometerD4400 Test Method
28、for Sag Resistance of Paints Using a Multinotch ApplicatorD4446 Test Method for Anti-Swelling Effectiveness of Water-Repellent Formulations and Differential Swelling of UntreatedWood When Exposed to Liquid Water EnvironmentsD4585 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings Using Controlled Con
29、densationD4587 Practice for Fluorescent UV-Condensation Exposures of Paint and Related CoatingsD4958 Test Method for Comparison of the Brush Drag of Latex PaintsD5326 Test Method for Color Development in Tinted Latex PaintsD5401 Test Method for Evaluating Clear Water Repellent Coatings on WoodD6686
30、Test Method for Evaluation of Tannin Stain Resistance of CoatingsD6695 Practice for Xenon-Arc Exposures of Paint and Related CoatingsE70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With the Glass ElectrodeE105 Practice for Probability Sampling of MaterialsE313 Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whi
31、teness Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color CoordinatesE1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Measurement by Tristimulus ColorimetryG90 Practice for Performing Accelerated Outdoor Weathering of Nonmetallic Materials Using Concentrated Natural SunlightD6763 1622.2 U.S. Federal Standar
32、ds:4U. S. Federal Test Method Standard No. 141 C2131 Application of Sprayed Films2141 Application of Brushed Films3011 Condition in Container4203 Reducibility and Dilution Stability4421 Absorption Test4541 Working Properties and Appearance of Dried Film6301 Wet Adhesion (Tape Test)2.3 Other Document
33、s:Paint/Coatings Dictionary of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology5Paint and Coatings Testing Manual3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms in this guide refer to Terminology D16, D1038, and D1554 and to the FSCT Stain/CoatingsDictionary.4. Conditions Affecting Coatings4.1 Moistur
34、eWood is porous and will absorb moisture, causing it to swell.As it dries, it will shrink. It is this cycle of shrinkingand swelling that causes warping and cracking in the wood substrate. This dimensional instability stresses a coating, affecting itsdurability. Many semitransparent, opaque, or soli
35、d color exterior stains are formulated to repel water to protect wood from ingressof moisture, thereby reducing the tendency of the wood to warp and crack.4.2 Substrate TypeThe substrate to be coated can affect not only the application properties of a coating, such as gloss anduniformity, but is als
36、o a factor in determining the type of coating to use. For instance, a primer may be required for previouslycoated wood that will receive opaque stain; or a primer-sealer on previously uncoated wood. Other factors include the type andquality of wood or wood composite (plywood, particle board or hardb
37、oard) or pressure treated wood.4.3 Substrate ConditionsConditions such as species of wood, porosity, degree of weathering, and previous coatings determinethe kind of coating that can be applied. The performance of coatings on uncoated new wood can be influenced by the presenceof mill glaze and wood
38、grain orientation. The condition of previously stained substrates such as degree of chalk, presence of dirt,mold, and water-soluble or oily contaminants, extractives, film adhesion, and porosity also influence the performance of coatings.Smoothness of the substrate affects the spreading rate, final
39、appearance, and texture.4.4 Preparation of previously coated or weathered substrates including cleaning, sanitizing, and sanding.4.5 The application properties are affected by temperature and humidity at the time of application and during drying.4.5.1 For Water ReducibleAs these materials contain wa
40、ter, surfaces do not have to be completely dry before application.However, application and surface temperatures lower than 50F may cause poor film formation.4.5.2 For Solvent ReducibleSurface dampness may adversely effect film uniformity, wetting, and adhesion. Humidity and lowtemperature have relat
41、ively little effect except for slowing the drying.4.6 Substrate WeatheringWeathering of wood before staining will adversely affect the performance of exterior coatings.4.6.1 Substrate Aspects of the BuildingIf construction defects or defects due to age are such that excessive moisture from theinside
42、 or the outside makes its way through the substrate or if the substrate is in direct contact with damp ground, blistering flakingor peeling may result.4.6.2 Environmental conditions after application, both general for the area and specific, such as under eaves, behind shrubbery,north side and south
43、side exposure are significant weathering factors.5. Selection of Tests5.1 Because the conditions to which a coating is subjected vary with (1) the surface type: deck, siding, species of wood and (2)the service environment; sheltered, exposed, and horizontal, specialized types of solvent-borne and wa
44、ter-borne coatings have beendeveloped for the different locations. Selection of the referenced methods to be followed must be governed by experience and therequirements in each individual case, together with agreement between the purchaser and the seller.5.2 The purchaser should first determine whic
45、h properties are the most important. After establishing the requirements orspecifications, select the test methods that measure or evaluate those properties.The balance of properties must be considered whenestablishing the requirements and selecting the tests. The significance of the tests and the n
46、ormal range of values are presented inthe different sections, in most cases.4 Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.5 Available from Federation of Societies for Coatings Techn
47、ology (FSCT), 492 Norristown Rd., Blue Bell, PA 19422-2350, http:/www.coatingstech.org.D6763 1636. Sampling6.1 Prior to sampling, the condition of the container should be checked since damage to it may cause evaporation, skinning orother undesirable effects on the coatings.6.2 Sample in accordance w
48、ith Practice D3925. Determine the density in pounds per gallon (kilograms/litre) in accordance withTest Method D1475. Continue sampling and determining density until successive results agree within 0.1 lb (45 g) or as agreedupon between the purchaser and seller. Then take samples for testing.6.3 Spe
49、cify the amount required for a representative sample, the package sizes, and an identification code. A 1-US gal (or 4-L)sample is usually sufficient for the recommended tests, but for guidance in selecting a sampling plan consult Practice E105.7. Liquid Coating Properties7.1 SkinningCoatings that contain a binder that dries by oxidation may be subject to skin formation in a partially-filled can.Since skins are insoluble in the material they must be removed before use. The referenced test in a partially-filled containerindicates the tendency of the material to sk
