1、Designation: D6862 11 (Reapproved 2016)Standard Test Method for90 Degree Peel Resistance of Adhesives1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6862; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revis
2、ion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe purpose of this test method is to provide for the determination of the resistance-to-peel strengthof adhesives when surfaces
3、 joined by an adhesive are separated by applying a force to one of thesurfaces at a 90 degree angle. The accuracy of the results of strength tests of adhesive bonds willdepend on the conditions under which the bonding process is carried out. Unless otherwise agreedupon between the manufacturer and t
4、he purchaser, the bonding conditions shall be prescribed by themanufacturer of the adhesive. In order to ensure that complete information is available to theindividual conducting the tests, the manufacturer of the adhesive shall furnish numerical values andother specific information for each of the
5、following variables:(1) Procedure for preparation of the surfaces prior to application of the surfaces prior to applicationof the adhesive, the cleaning and drying of surfaces, and special surface treatments, which are notspecifically limited by the pertinent test method.(2) Complete mixing directio
6、ns for the adhesive.(3) Conditions for the application of the adhesive, including the rate of spread or thickness of thefilm, number of coats to be applied, whether to one or both of the surfaces, and the conditions ofdrying.(4) Assembly conditions before the application of pressure, including room
7、temperature and lengthof time.(5) Curing conditions, including the amount of pressure to be applied, the length of time underpressure, and the temperature of the assembly when under pressure. It should be stated whether thistemperature is that of the glue line or of the atmosphere at which the assem
8、bly is to be maintained.(6) Conditioning procedure before testing, unless a standard procedure is specified, includinglength of time and relative humidity.Range may be prescribed for any variable provided it is acceptable to both the manufacturer and thepurchaser of the adhesive.1. Scope1.1 This tes
9、t method covers the determination of theresistance-to-peel strength of an adhesive bond between onerigid adherend and one flexible adherend when tested at anangle of approximately 90 degrees under specified conditionsof preparation and testing.1.2 A variation in thickness of the adherends will gener
10、allyinfluence test values. For this reason, the thickness of theadherends used to make the test specimens shall be specified inthe material specification. When no thickness is specified, theflexible adherend shall be 0.60 mm (0.025 in.) thick and therigid adherend shall be 1.60 mm (0.060 in.) thick.
11、NOTE 1A heavy fabric, such as canvas, has been used as a flexibleadherend.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its
12、use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 onAdhesives and is the direct responsibility of Su
13、bcommittee D14.10 on WorkingProperties.Current edition approved May 1, 2016. Published May 2016. Originallyapproved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D6862 11. DOI:10.1520/D6862-11R16.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.
14、 United States12. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D907 Terminology of AdhesivesE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test Methods3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsMany of the definitions used in this testmethod are defi
15、ned in Terminology D907.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method consists of testing laminated or bondedadherends, where one adherend is rigid and the other adherendis flexible, by peeling of the flexible adherend from the rigidadherend at a 90 degree angle of peel using the test fixtureshown i
16、n Fig. 1 or an equivalent fixture that will perform thesame function.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is useful for acceptance and qualitycontrol testing. Adherends, application procedure, and sampleconditioning shall be as agreed upon by the manufacturer andthe user of the adherends and
17、the adhesive.6. Apparatus6.1 Testing MachineThe testing machine shall have a loadweighing system conforming to the requirements of PracticeE4. It shall have the capability of constant Rate of Extension(CRE) with a crosshead speed range of 12 mm/min (0.5in./min) to 250 mm/min (10 in./min). The testin
18、g machine shallhave an adequate pen or computer response to record theforce-extension curve. Self-aligning grips shall be used to holdthe flexible adherent. The breaking load shall fall between 15and 85 % of the full scale load range. The grips need to engagethe outer 25 mm (1 in.) of the flexible a
19、dherent firmly and,when load is applied, the direction of the applied force needs tobe through the center line of the grip assembly.6.2 Test FixtureThe test fixture will consist of a platformthat is smoothly driven horizontally at the same speed as thecrosshead moves vertically, so that a 90 degree
20、angle is2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.FIG. 1 Sample Test ApparatusD6862 11 (2016)2maintaine
21、d between the flexible adherent and the fixed adher-ent. The platform shall have means for clamping the fixedadherent to the surface. See Fig. 2 and Fig. 37. Sample Preparation7.1 Laminated test panels (see Fig. 4) consist of twoadherends properly prepared and bonded together in accor-dance with the
22、 adhesive manufacturers recommendations or asrequired by a product performance specification.7.2 Bend the unbonded end of the flexible adherend perpen-dicular to the rigid adherend for clamping in the grip of thetesting machine. Test four specimens per aging condition.Typical sample aging conditions
23、 call for testing of panels at 4h, 24 h, 7 days, and 14 days after assembly.NOTE 2Direct comparison of different adhesives may be made onlywhen specimen construction and test conditions are identical.NOTE 3A specimen width agreed upon by the manufacturer and usermay be used, provided the test machin
24、e grip and peel test fixtures are ofample width to apply load uniformly across the width of the adherends.8. Test Method8.1 Insert the test specimen into the peel test fixture asshown in Fig. 3, with the unbonded end of the flexibleadherend gripped in the test machine jaw. Peel the specimen ata cons
25、tant crosshead speed of 254 mm/min (10 in./min). Othercrosshead speeds may be used as required by a particular testspecification or at a speed agreed upon by the manufacturer. Ifthe back up plate bends or is distorted during the test, it isrecommended that the specimen be redesigned with a back upme
26、mber stiff enough to ensure even peel.8.2 During the resistance-to-peel test, make an autographicrecording of load versus head movement (load versus distancepeeled).8.3 Record the load over at least a 76 mm (3 in.) separationlength of the bond line or as agreed to by the adhesivemanufacturer and the
27、 end user, disregarding the first 25 mm (1in.) of peel.FIG. 2 Assembled Sample Test ApparatusD6862 11 (2016)39. Calculation9.1 Determine from the autographic curve or at least 76 mm(3 in.) of peeling (disregarding the first 25 mm (1 in.), theaverage resistance-to-peel strength in kilonewtons per met
28、er(pounds-force per inch) of the specimen width required toseparate the adherends. The average may be calculated as theaverage of load readings taken at fixed increments of crossheadmotion. For example, load may be recorded at each 12.7 mm(0.5 in.) interval of adherend separation until at least sixr
29、eadings have been attained.10. Report10.1 Report the following information:10.1.1 Complete identification of the adhesive tested includ-ing type, source, manufacturers code number, batch or lotnumber, form, etc.10.1.2 Complete identification of the adherends used, in-cluding material thickness, surf
30、ace preparation, and orienta-tion.10.1.3 Description of bonding process, including method ofapplication of adhesive, glueline thickness, press pressure andtime, assembly methods, drying or precuring conditions (whereapplicable), curing time, temperature, and relative humidity.10.1.4 The average wet
31、film and dry film thickness of theadhesive layer shall be recorded, where possible. The methodof obtaining the thickness of the adhesive layer shall bedescribed including procedure, location of measurements, andrange of measurements.10.1.5 Complete description of the test specimen, includingdimensio
32、ns and construction of the test specimen, conditionsused for cutting individual test specimens, number of testpanels represented, and number of individual test specimens.10.1.6 Conditioning procedure prior to testing.10.1.7 Testing temperature.10.1.8 Type of test machine and crosshead separation rat
33、eused.10.1.9 Method of recording load and determining averageload.10.1.10 Average, maximum, and minimum resistance-to-peel load values for each individual specimen.10.1.11 Average resistance-to-peel strength in kilonewtonsper meter (pounds-force per inch) of width for each combina-tion of materials
34、and constructions under test.10.1.12 Type of failure, that is, cohesive failure within theadhesive or adherend or adhesion to the adherend, or combi-nation thereof, for each individual specimen.FIG. 3 Peel Test UnitD6862 11 (2016)411. Precision and Bias311.1 The precision of this test is a function
35、of the propertiesof the cured bondline.11.2 The resistance-to-peel strength precision informationgiven in Table 1 is expressed in kN/m and lbf/in. for theaverage of three 90 degree peel values determined for oneadhesive by two different laboratories at a cross head speed of25 mm per minute (1 inch p
36、er minute) and three differentlaboratories at 250 mm per minute (10 inches per minute). Thetesting was performed for both carpet to plywood and duckcloth to plywood.11.2.1 The table was calculated using the relationship:95% limit52.83standard deviation.11.3 The term repeatability and reproducibility
37、 limits areused as specified in Practice E177.11.4 BiasNo information can be presented in the bias ofthe procedure in Test Method D6862 for measuring adhesiveshear strength because no material having an accepted refer-ence value is available.3Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Hea
38、dquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D14-1011. ContactASTM CustomerService at serviceastm.org.FIG. 4 Peel Test SampleTABLE 1 Resistance-to-Peel Precision InformationAverage Sr SrSE SR SRSE r R25 mm per min.(1 in. per min.)Carpet to plywoodkN/m (lbf/in.) 0.53 (3) 0.11 (0.6) 0
39、.05 (0.27) 0.11 (0.6) 0.05 (0.27) 0.31 (1.7) 0.31 (1.7)Duck cloth to plywoodkN/m (lbf/in.) 0.88 (5) 0.16 (0.9) 0.07 (0.40) 0.28 (1.6) 0.13 (0.72) 0.45 (2.5) 0.78 (4.5)250 mm per min.(10 in. per min.)Carpet to plywoodkN/m (lbf/in.) 2.28 (13) 0.26 (1.5) 0.12 (0.67) 0.30 (1.7) 0.13 (0.76) 0.73 (4.2) 0.
40、84 (4.8)Duck cloth to plywoodkN/m (lbf/in.) 2.98 (17) 0.30 (1.7) 0.13 (0.76) 0.30 (1.7) 0.13 (0.76) 0.84 (4.8) 0.82 (4.8)where:Sr = repeatability standard deviationSR = reproducibility standard deviationr = 95 % repeatability limit (within a laboratory)R = 95 % reproducibility limit (between laborat
41、ories)SE = standard error of the mean = standard deviation/square root of number of labsD6862 11 (2016)512. Keywords12.1 adhesives; assemblies; bonds; laminates; peelASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin thi
42、s standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be
43、 reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresp
44、onsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, We
45、st Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 11 (2016)6
