1、Designation: D7226 13Standard Test Method forDetermining the Viscosity of Emulsified Asphalts Using aRotational Paddle Viscometer1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7226; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revi
2、sion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method utilizes the rotational paddle viscom-eter to measure the viscosity of emulsified a
3、sphalt. It isapplicable to all the emulsified asphalts described in Specifi-cations D977 and D2397.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if a
4、ny, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous MaterialsD9
5、77 Specification for Emulsified AsphaltD2397 Specification for Cationic Emulsified AsphaltE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSieves3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 viscosity, nratio of shear stress to shear rate.3.1.1.1 DiscussionThe SI unit of viscosity is the Pascalsecond
6、 (Pas).34. Summary of Test Method4.1 The rotational paddle viscometer method is used tomeasure the apparent viscosity of emulsified asphalt at 50C,25C, or other agreed-upon temperatures. A microprocessorcircuitry system functioning in tandem with a temperatureprobe and equipped with internal electro
7、nic sensors detects andanalyzes the preset temperature. A paddle is immersed in theemulsified asphalt sample and is rotated at 100 RPM. Theapparent viscosity of the sample is obtained and read from theelectronic display or an optional printer.5. Significance and Use5.1 The viscosity of emulsified as
8、phalts characterizes theirflow properties and affects their utility at 50C or at othertemperatures. The sprayability and workability of an emulsi-fied asphalt are directly related to its viscosity for manyapplications. The material must be thin enough to be sprayedyet thick enough such that it will
9、not flow from the crown orgrade of the road. For mixing grade emulsified asphalts theviscosity will affect its workability and resulting film thicknesson the aggregate. This test method is useful to measure theapparent viscosity of emulsified asphalt at a temperature of50C, 25C, or another agreed-up
10、on temperature. The presettemperature and rotational speed at 100 RPM allow for anautomated and consistent determination of an emulsified as-phalt viscosity within a short time.6. Apparatus6.1 The rotational paddle viscometer test system consists ofa paddle, temperature probe, sample cup, the sample
11、 cup cover,a means of controlling the sample temperature to within60.1C and a readout system to display viscosity. The dimen-sions of the sample cup and paddle are shown in Figs. 1-3.6.2 ThermometerAny thermometric device can be used tomonitor the temperature of the sample being conditioned fortesti
12、ng.6.3 SieveAn 850-m sieve or a 20-mesh strainer of wirecloth, framed or unframed, conforming to Specification E11 isused.6.4 Oven/Water BathAn oven/water bath capable of main-taining the required testing temperature within the limit of63C.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committe
13、e D04 on Roadand Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.42 onEmulsified Asphalt Test.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2013. Published January 2014. Originallyapproved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D7226 11. DOI:10.1520/D7226-13.2For referenced ASTM
14、 standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The centimetre gram second (cgs) unit of viscosity is the poise (dynes/cm2) andi
15、s equivalent to 0.1 Pas. One centipoise (cP) is one millipascal second (mPas).Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States17. Hazards7.1 WarningMercury has been designated by EPA andmany state agencies as a hazardous material that
16、can causecentral nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, orits vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive tomaterials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury andmercury containing products. See the applicable product Ma-terial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPAs websi
17、teFIG. 1 Paddle DimensionsFIG. 2 Sample Cup DimensionsD7226 132 http:/www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm - for additional infor-mation. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/ormercury containing products into your state may be prohibitedby state law.8. Calibration and Standardization8.1 Calibrate
18、the rotational paddle viscometer at periodicintervals or as required by measuring the viscosity at 25C ofan appropriate standard following the procedure in Section 9.8.2 If the measured viscosity standard differs from thecertified value by more than 11 % calculate a correction factor,F, for the visc
19、ometer as follows:F 5 swhere:s= certified viscosity of the standard at the testtemperature, and = measured viscosity at 25C.8.3 Calibrate the rotational paddle viscometer in the samemanner as above, using a viscosity standard for 50C.9. Procedure9.1 Obtain a representative sample of the material for
20、testing using standard procedures as specified in PracticeD140.9.2 Turn on the viscometer power and set to the testtemperature and attach the paddle to the viscometer. Allow theinstrument to warm up for a minimum of 30 min.9.3 Emulsified asphalts with a viscosity testing requirementof 50C shall be h
21、eated to 50 6 3C in the original samplecontainer in a water bath or oven as described herein. If thesample temperature is greater or less than 50C then it shouldbe conditioned to the required test temperature. Pour thesample into a clean sample cup through the 850-m sieve or20-mesh strainer to the f
22、ill line of the viscometer sample cup.9.4 Emulsified asphalts with a viscosity testing temperaturerequirement of 25C should be conditioned at 25 6 3C in theoriginal sample container to achieve homogeneity. Pour thesample into the sample cup after passing through an 850-m or20-mesh sieve.9.5 Pull the
23、 heater block forward and clear of the paddle.Place the filled sample cup into the heater block and rotate thecup to lock it in place. Push the heater block back until it stopsbeneath the paddle.9.6 Raise the heater block to submerge the paddle into thesample. Verify that the paddle and temperature
24、probe aretotally submerged in the sample. The paddle should be free torotate. Place the sample cover over the sample cup.9.7 Verify that the temperature of the sample is a fewdegrees lower than the target temperature before beginning theautomatic test sequence then enter Run Test. The rotationalspee
25、d is preset by the manufacturer to 100 RPM.9.8 After the test is completed, record the viscosity readingfrom the viscometer and if appropriate apply the correctionfactor as described in Section 8.FIG. 3 Paddle and Sample CupD7226 13310. Report10.1 Report the apparent viscosity in mPas to the nearest
26、0.1 mPas from the viscometer.10.2 Report the temperature to the nearest 0.1C.11. Precision and Bias11.1 The following criteria should be used for judging theacceptability of results (95 % probability):411.1.1 Single-Operator PrecisionDuplicate results by thesame operator should not be considered sus
27、pect unless theydiffer by more that the following amount:Test TemperatureCViscositymPa.sRepeatability% of the mean25 25 to 200 8.250 100 to 1000 12.911.1.2 Multilaboratory PrecisionThe results submitted byeach of two laboratories should not be considered suspectunless they differ by more than the fo
28、llowing amount:Test TemperatureCViscositymPa.sReproducibility% of the mean25 25 to 200 2250 100 to 1000 6411.2 BiasNo information can be presented on the basis ofthe procedure because no material having the accepted refer-ence value is available.12. Keywords12.1 emulsified asphalt; rotational; rotat
29、ional paddle vis-cometer; viscosityASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
30、of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this
31、 standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake y
32、our views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by c
33、ontacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).4Research Report RR:D04-1037 and
34、RR:D04-1038 presents the results of theInterlaboratory Study used to establish the precision and bias statement for ASTMD7226, Standard Test Method for Determining the Viscosity of Emulsified AsphaltUsing a Rotational Paddle Viscometer. The collaborative study included respec-tively 14 labs and 15 l
35、abs who used method D7226 to analyze the viscosity ofseveral types of emulsified asphalt of varying viscosity levels, including threedifferent standards. The research report presents summary method performancestatistics as well as the measurement data used to calculate results for the study.D7226 134
