1、Designation: D 7445 09An American National StandardStandard Specification forRigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Siding with Foam PlasticBacking (Backed Vinyl Siding)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 7445; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforigin
2、al adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes requirements for vinylsiding with
3、integral foam plastic backing, where the siding ismanufactured from rigid PVC compound. Performance re-quirements and test methods addressed by this standard includematerials properties and dimensions, warp, shrinkage, impactstrength, expansion, appearance, and windload resistance.Methods of indicat
4、ing compliance with this specification arealso provided.NOTE 1Backed vinyl siding is composed of two major components:the siding and the backing. It is intended that the siding portion complywith Specification D 3679. Applicable portions of Specification D 3679are included in this specification. Add
5、itional requirements that pertainonly to the backing as a separate material, or to the combination of sidingand backing as a whole, are also included.1.2 Backed vinyl siding shall be tested with the backingmaterial in place or removed, as specified in the applicablerequirement or test method.1.3 The
6、 use of PVC recycled plastic in this product shall bein accordance with the requirements in Section 4.1.4 Rigid PVC soffit is covered in Specification D 4477.1.5 Siding produced to this specification shall be installed inaccordance with Practice D 4756. Reference shall also be madeto the manufacture
7、rs installation instructions for the specificproduct to be installed.NOTE 2Information with regard to siding maintenance shall beobtained from the manufacturer.1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI u
8、nits that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determin
9、e the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 3There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD 635 Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent andTime of Burning of Plastics in a H
10、orizontal PositionD 696 Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Ex-pansion of Plastics Between 30C and 30C with aVitreous Silica DilatometerD 883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 1042 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes ofPlastics Under Accelerated Service ConditionsD 1435 Practice for
11、 Outdoor Weathering of PlasticsD 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD 2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances andColor Differences from Instrumentally Measured ColorCoordinatesD 2457 Test Method for Specular Gloss of Plastic Films andSolid PlasticsD 3679 Specificatio
12、n for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)SidingD 3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD 4226 Test Methods for Impact Resistance of Rigid Poly-(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Building ProductsD 4477 Specification for Rigid (Unplasticized) Poly(VinylChloride) (PVC) SoffitD 4756 Practice for Installation
13、 of Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chlo-ride) (PVC) Siding and SoffitD 5206 Test Method for Windload Resistance of RigidPlastic SidingD 5947 Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of SolidPlastics SpecimensD 7209 Guide for Waste Reduction, Resource Recovery,and Use of Recycled Polymeric Materials and ProductsE84 Te
14、st Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding MaterialsE 631 Terminology of Building ConstructionsE 1753 Practice for Use of Qualitative Chemical Spot Test1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.24
15、 on Plastic BuildingProducts.Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2009. Published February 2009.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document
16、Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Kits for Detection of Lead in Dry Paint FilmsG 147 Practice for Conditioning and Handling of Nonme-tallic Materials for Natural and Artificial Weathering
17、 Tests2.2 ASCE Standard:3ASCE 7-02 Minimum Design loads for Buildings and OtherStructures3. Terminology3.1 Definitions are in accordance with TerminologiesD 883, E 631, and D 1600, unless otherwise specified.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.3 backed vinyl sidinga vinyl cladding p
18、roduct sold withmanufacturer-installed foam plastic backing material as anintegral part of the cladding product. The vinyl claddingportion of backed vinyl siding meets the definition of vinylsiding. Backed vinyl siding is intended to be installed only withthe integral backing.3.4 backing material; f
19、oam plastic backinga layer orlayers of plastic that has been intentionally expanded toproduce a reduced-density plastic containing voids consistingof open or closed cells distributed throughout the plastic.3.5 nominalthe value that a manufacturer consistentlyuses to represent a specific property or
20、dimension of a vinylsiding product in public claims including, but not limited to,product literature, advertisements, quotations, and certificatesof conformance.3.6 process average thicknessthe rolling, arithmeticmean of average specimen thicknesses measured according to6.5 for a specific product du
21、ring all productions runs for themost recent six month period.3.7 temperate northern climatein weather testing, a NorthAmerican metropolitan area testing site located within 73 to100W longitude and 37 to 45N latitude.3.8 vinyl sidinga shaped material, made principally fromrigid poly(vinyl chloride)
22、(PVC), that is used to clad exteriorwalls of buildings.3.8.1 DiscussionAny exception to a homogeneous rigidPVC compound is present in a coextruded or laminatedcapstock.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 The vinyl siding, exclusive of backing material, shall bemade of one or more layers of poly(vinyl ch
23、loride) (PVC)compound. Any layers of materials other than poly (vinylchloride) (PVC) compound shall be kept to less than 20% byvolume. This limitation does not apply to the backing material.4.2 Where rigid PVC recycled plastic as defined in GuideD 7209 is used, the siding containing the PVC recycled
24、 plasticshall meet all of the requirements of 3,Terminology; 4, Mate-rials and Manufacture; and 5, Physical Requirements.4.3 The poly(vinyl chloride) siding material, exclusive ofbacking material, when tested in accordance with Test MethodD 635, shall not exceed an average extent of burn of 4 in. (1
25、00mm), with an average time of burn not to exceed 10 s. Aminimum sample thickness of 0.035 in. (0.9 mm) isrequired.WarningThe flammability testing data, conclu-sions, and recommendations of Test Method D 635 relatesolely to the measurement and description of properties forclassification of the poly(
26、vinyl chloride) siding material inresponse to flame under controlled laboratory conditions andshall not be used for the description or appraisal of the firehazard of vinyl siding under actual fire conditions4.4 The foam plastic backing shall have a Flame SpreadIndex not greater than 75 and a Smoke D
27、eveloped Index notgreater than 450 when tested separately under method E84.4.5 The PVC compound when extruded into siding shallmaintain uniform color and be free of any visual surface orstructural changes, such as peeling, chipping, cracking, flaking,or pitting.4.6 The PVC compound shall be compound
28、ed so as toprovide the heat stability and weather exposure stabilityrequired for the siding market application.4.7 Backed vinyl siding shall not contain elemental lead(Pb) or compounds of that material other than traces incidentalto raw materials or the manufacturing process. This limitationapplies
29、to both PVC substrate and to any cap or film material,as well as the backing material. Compliance with this require-ment shall be demonstrated by one of the methods in 6.16.5. Physical Requirements5.1 Requirements Applicable to Vinyl SidingThe provi-sions of 5.1.1-5.1.9 apply only to the vinyl sidin
30、g, exclusive ofany backing material. Where necessary to perform testing, thebacking material shall be removed.5.1.1 Length and WidthThe nominal length and width ofthe siding shall be as agreed upon between the purchaser andthe seller. The actual length shall not be less than14 in. (6.4mm) of the nom
31、inal length and the actual width shall be within6116 in. (1.6 mm) of the nominal width when measured inaccordance with 6.3 and 6.4.5.1.2 ThicknessThese requirements pertain only to mea-surements of the portions of the siding that are exposed afterinstallation of the panel, measured in accordance wit
32、h theprocedure in 6.5. The average thickness of each specimen shallbe no less than 0.035 in. No individual measurement shall bethinner than 0.003 in. below the nominal thickness. Theprocess average thickness as defined in 3.6 shall be no thinnerthan 0.001 in. below the nominal thickness.5.1.3 Camber
33、A full length of siding (typically 10 or 12 ft(3.05 or 3.61 m) shall not have a camber greater than18 in.(3.2 mm) when measured in accordance with 6.6.5.1.4 Heat ShrinkageThe average heat shrinkage shall notexceed 3.0 % when determined by the method described in 6.7.5.1.5 Impact ResistanceSiding sha
34、ll have a minimumimpact strength of 60 in.lbf (6.78 J) when tested in accordancewith 6.8.5.1.6 Coeffcient of Linear ExpansionThe siding shallhave a coefficient of linear expansion not greater than 4.5 by10-5in./in./F (8.1 by 10-5mm/mm/C) when tested in accor-dance with 6.9.5.1.7 GlossThe gloss of sm
35、ooth and embossed sidingshall be uniform across the exposed surface. Variations in theglossmeter readings for smooth siding shall not be more than610%or65.0 points (whichever is greater). Variations for3Available from American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 1801 AlexanderBell Dr., Reston, VA 201
36、91, http:/www.asce.org.D7445092embossed siding shall not be more than 620 % or 610.0points (whichever is greater). Gloss of smooth and embossedsiding shall be tested in accordance with 6.11.5.1.8 ColorThe color of the siding shall be within thedefined color space parameters for the specific color ag
37、reedupon between the purchaser and the manufacturer. The colorspecified shall be uniform on the surface of the siding panels,except in the case of multicolored woodgrain panels.5.1.9 Uniformity of ColorWhen tested in accordance with6.13, the total color change, DE, between a production speci-men and
38、 the appropriate reference specimen or agreed-uponcolor coordinates shall not vary by more than 1.5, and thechromatic coordinates thereof shall not change by more than6DaH= 1.0 and 6DbH= 1.0.5.2 Requirements Applicable to Backed Vinyl SidingTheprovisions of 5.2.1-5.2.4 apply to backed vinyl siding,
39、includ-ing the integral foam backing material. Testing shall beconducted with the backing material in place, as described inthe referenced test method.5.2.1 Surface DistortionThe siding shall be free ofbulges, waves, and ripples when tested to a minimum tempera-ture of 120F (49C) in accordance with
40、the procedure in 6.12.This distortion is called “oil-canning.”5.2.2 Weathering:5.2.2.1 The siding shall maintain a uniform color and befree of any visual surface or structural changes such as peeling,chipping, cracking, flaking, and pitting when tested in accor-dance with 6.10.NOTE 4Weathering-confo
41、rmance-testing requirements are to reflectperformance of a “typical” extrusion siding profile representing a specificcolor of PVC compound and a specific extrusion technology. In no case isthere an implied requirement for testing all the various shaped and sizedsiding profiles produced in this color
42、. The lengthy outdoor weatherabilitytesting for new products may be performed concurrently with marketdevelopment and sales of siding to existing markets. Completion ofweatherability testing prior to marketing of the product is not required5.2.3 Windload ResistanceBacked siding shall be able towiths
43、tand a minimum test pressure of 30.58 lbf/ft2(2093 Pa)when tested in accordance with 6.14. If the manufacturer ofbacked siding provides documentation to support compensa-tion for pressure equalization, the test pressure shall bedetermined from Annex A1 using the documented pressureequalization facto
44、r.5.2.3.1 The static test pressure of 30.58 lbf/ft2(2093 Pa) forbacked siding was established to withstand structural loadingconditions that occur in 110 mph (177 km/h) wind-zone areasfor elevations of 30 ft (9.1 m) and less in exposure category B,and is equivalent to 29.12 lbf/ft2(1394 Pa) negative
45、 designpressure. Provision is made for compensation for pressureequalization specific to the product if supporting documenta-tion is provided, using procedures in Annex A1.5.2.3.2 The design-pressure values can be negative (suctionloads) or positive. The negative values are the largest inmagnitude a
46、nd are the values used in this specification.NOTE 5In that the siding is being tested as a weather-resistant exteriorproduct applied to an existing exterior structural wall, forces (negative)working to pull the siding off the wall, fasteners, or disengage locks willbe the most important criteria for
47、 testing. Positive wind forces test theintegrity of the total wall sections, and do not provide a measure of theperformance of the siding.5.2.3.3 Refer to Annex A1 for an explanation as to how the29.12 lbf/ft2(1394 Pa) negative design pressure was estab-lished, and for applications where the effecti
48、ve negative designpressure as specified in ASCE 7-02 is greater than 29.12lbf/ft2(1394 Pa) (for example, wind-zone areas greater than 110mph (177 km/h) or elevations above 30 ft (9.1 m), or exposuresother than exposure category B), or for application of pressureequalization compensation for backed s
49、iding.5.2.4 Nail Slot Allowance for Thermal ExpansionForsiding panels utilizing nail slots to allow for thermal expansionand contraction, the nail slot shall be sized to allow for theexpected range of expansion and contraction over a range of100F. Compliance with this requirement shall be demon-strated either by the test method in 6.15 or by sizing of the nailslots according to the specifications in the following sections.The instrument used shall be capable of measuring to thenearest 0.01 in. The manufacturing tolerance shall not exceed-0.0
