1、Designation: D8085 17Standard Specification forNon-Aqueous Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8085; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of
2、last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the requirements for non-aqueous engine coolants used in automobiles or other light-duty ser
3、vice cooling systems. Non-aqueous coolants that con-form to the specification will function effectively to provideprotection against freezing, boiling, and corrosion without anyfurther dilution. This specification is based upon the knowl-edge of the performance of non-aqueous engine coolantsprepared
4、 from new individual or mixtures of virgin industrialgrade diols.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is
5、 theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See X1.4 for aspecific warning statement.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensk
6、y-MartensClosed Cup TesterD1119 Test Method for Percent Ash Content of EngineCoolantsD1120 Test Method for Boiling Point of Engine CoolantsD1121 Test Method for Reserve Alkalinity of Engine Cool-ants and AntirustsD1122 Test Method for Density or Relative Density ofEngine Coolant Concentrates and Eng
7、ine Coolants By TheHydrometerD1123 Test Methods for Water in Engine Coolant Concen-trate by the Karl Fischer Reagent MethodD1287 Test Method for pH of Engine Coolants andAntirustsD1882 Test Method for Effect of Cooling System ChemicalSolutions on Organic Finishes for Automotive VehiclesD2983 Test Me
8、thod for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Lu-bricants Measured by Brookfield ViscometerD3634 Test Method for Trace Chloride Ion in Engine Cool-antsD4725 Terminology for Engine Coolants and Related FluidsD5827 Test Method for Analysis of Engine Coolant forChloride and Other Anions by Ion ChromatographyD5
9、931 Test Method for Density and Relative Density ofEngine Coolant Concentrates and Aqueous Engine Cool-ants by Digital Density MeterD7840 Test Method for Foaming Tendencies of Non-Aqueous Engine Coolants in GlasswareD7896 Test Method for Thermal Conductivity, ThermalDiffusivity and Volumetric Heat C
10、apacity of Engine Cool-ants and Related Fluids by Transient Hot Wire LiquidThermal Conductivity MethodD7934/D7934M Test Method for Corrosion of Cast Alumi-num Alloys in Non-Aqueous Engine Coolants UnderHeat-Rejecting ConditionsD7935/D7935M Test Method for Corrosion Test for Non-Aqueous Engine Coolan
11、ts in GlasswareD8034/D8034M Test Method for Simulated Service Corro-sion Testing of Non-Aqueous Engine CoolantsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 non-aqueous coolant, na glycol, diol, triol, or mix-tur
12、es thereof, based heat transfer fluid containing less than1.0 % water when formulated and intended for final usewithout dilution with water.1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D15 on EngineCoolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD15.22 o
13、n Non-Aqueous Coolants.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2017. Published January 2017. DOI: 10.1520/D8085-17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the stan
14、dards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Dec
15、ision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.13.2 For definitions of other terms used in this specification,refer to Terminology D4725.4. General Requirements4.1 Engine
16、 coolant consisting of a glycol, diol, triol, ormixtures thereof, and suitable corrosion inhibitors, dye, foamsuppressor, if needed, bitterant, and less than 1.0 % water.4.2 The engine coolant shall be in accordance with thegeneral requirements given in Table 1.4.3 When installed in accordance with
17、the vehicle manufac-turers recommendations and those on the product label, non-aqueous engine coolants shall be suitable for use in a properlymaintained cooling system (Appendix X1) in normal light-dutyservice for a minimum of one year without adversely affectingfluid flow and heat transfer.5. Detai
18、led Requirements5.1 All non-aqueous engine coolants shall be in accordancewith the physical and chemical requirements prescribed inTable 2.5.2 All non-aqueous engine coolants shall conform to theperformance requirements listed in Table 3.TABLE 3 Performance Requirements for Non-Aqueous CoolantsAProp
19、erty Specific Values ASTM Test MethodTest Solution Concentrationvol % productCorrosion in glassware D7935/D7935M 94Weight loss, mg/specimen:copper 10 maxsolder 30 maxbrass 10 maxsteel 10 maxcast iron 10 maxaluminum 30 maxSimulated service test D8034/D8034M 94Weight loss, mg/specimen:copper 20 maxsol
20、der 60 maxbrass 20 maxsteel 20 maxcast iron 20 maxaluminum 60 maxCorrosion of cast aluminum alloys atheat-rejecting surfaces, mg/cm2/week1.0 max D7934/D7934M 94Foaming D7840 100Volume, mL 150 maxBreak time, s 5 maxAAll non-aqueous engine coolant test solutions in Table 3 shall be prepared in accorda
21、nce with the directions provided in the individual ASTM test methods noted.TABLE 1 General RequirementsProperty Specified Values ASTM Test MethodColor Distinctive .Effect on nonmetals No adverse effect Under considerationTABLE 2 Physical and Chemical Requirements for Non-Aqueous CoolantsNOTE 1Except
22、 as indicated in the Property column, any dilutions are part of the ASTM Test Methods indicated.Property Limits ASTM Test MethodRelative density, 15.5/15.5 C: 1.035 to 1.125 D1122, D5931Dynamic viscosity at -40 C,APas: 2.0 max D2983Boiling point, C: 177 min D1120Thermal Conductivity at 20 C, W/mK: 0
23、.24 min D7896Flash point, closed cup, C: 115 min D93Ash content, mass %: 5 max D1119pH, 50 vol % in DI water: 7.5 to 11 D1287Chloride, /g: 25 max D3634, D5827BWater, mass %: 1.0 max D1123Reserve alkalinity, mL: reportCD1121Effect on automotive finish (use clear coatthermoset urethane or acrylic uret
24、hane finish):no effect D1882DAFor purposes of determining conformance with this specification, an observed value shall be rounded “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressingthe specification limit, in accordance with the rounding method of Practice E29.BIn case of dispute,
25、Test Method D3634 shall be the preferred test method.CValue as agreed upon between the supplier and the customer.DCurrently, many vehicle manufacturers prepare test panels using the specific paint finishes employed on their actual products. Coolant suppliers and vehiclemanufacturers should agree on
26、the exact test procedures and acceptance criteria on an individual basis.D8085 1726. Keywords6.1 light duty engine coolant; non-aqueous engine coolant;waterless engine coolantAPPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. COOLING SYSTEM MAINTENANCEX1.1 Filling the Cooling SystemX1.1.1 Before installing eng
27、ine coolant, the cooling systemshould be inspected and necessary service work completed.X1.1.2 If the pre-existing coolant is aqueous, special careshould be taken to remove as much of the old coolant aspossible, following the recommendations of the non-aqueouscoolant manufacturer. Follow up the wate
28、r removal with aglycol-based system preparation fluid to absorb remainingamounts of water. Operate the engine and then drain it out.Dispose of the used coolant and the used preparation fluid inaccordance with all governmental regulations.X1.1.3 Fill the system with the non-aqueous engine coolant.Do
29、not combine water with the engine coolant.X1.1.4 Example of using a preparation fluid to reduce watercontent of a retrofitted installation:Assume starting with an 8 Lcooling system containing 50 % glycol and 50 % water andthat one can drain 80 % from the system. 1) Remaining afterdrain: 0.8 L old gl
30、ycol and 0.8 L water; 2) Add 6.4 L prepara-tion fluid, operate engine, and drain 80 %, leaving 0.16 L oldglycol and 0.16 L water; 3) Fill system with the non-aqueouscoolant. The remaining old glycol is 0.16/8 = 2.0 %. Theremaining water is 0.16/8 = 2.0 %.X1.2 Essential Cooling System ServiceX1.2.1 C
31、heck coolant water content (a good aftermarketinstallation will contain 3 % water or less.) Water contentabove 6 % may be termed excessive. Excessive water de-creases the high boiling point of the non-aqueous coolant.Excessive water may cause corrosion. Excessive amounts ofwater, even hugely excessi
32、ve amounts (for example, as muchas 40 %) will not cause the coolant to freeze at temperaturesabove -40 C. The easiest method for determining watercontent is to use test strips offered by the coolant manufacturer.X1.2.2 Check coolant level and condition. Replace coolantat service intervals recommende
33、d by the engine manufacturer,vehicle manufacturer, or designated service organization. Fol-low recommended practices.X1.2.3 Pressure test system for leaks.X1.2.4 Test pressure cap and inspect radiator filler neck.X1.2.5 Inspect hoses and tighten hose connections.X1.2.6 Inspect drive belts and check
34、for proper tension.X1.2.7 Test thermostat if the engine is running too hot or toocold. Replace with a thermostat recommended by the manu-facturer or equivalent.X1.3 If non-aqueous coolant needs to be added, never addwater as well.X1.4 WarningDo not remove the cooling system pres-sure cap when the en
35、gine is hot. Always treat a hot coolingsystem with caution and respect. The cooling system may beunder pressure. When the engine has cooled, carefully loosenthe pressure cap to the first notch to vent the system pressure,then remove. If coolant overflows when the cap is vented,immediately retighten
36、and permit the system to cool further.X2. LABELINGX2.1 It is recommended that non-aqueous engine coolantsmeeting this specification have the following information onthe package label:X2.1.1 Non-aqueous (or waterless) engine coolant.X2.1.2 Do not add water.D8085 173X3. THERE IS NO PUMP CAVITATION TES
37、T FOR THIS SPECIFICATIONX3.1 ASTM specifications for aqueous coolants routinelyinclude a pump cavitation performance test requirement. Pumpcavitation is the formation and subsequent collapse or implo-sion of coolant vapor in the pump. Coolant pumps arecentrifugal pumps and they produce a low pressur
38、e area at theinlet and a high pressure area at the outlet. If the absolutepressure on the coolant at the low pressure area is less than thevapor pressure of the coolant, vaporization of the coolant willoccur. Coolant vapor that moves to the high pressure area ofthe pump collapses violently in an abr
39、upt condensation. Theviolence of the implosion of coolant vapor causes erosion andpitting inside the pump. Non-aqueous coolants that conform tothe herein specification will not vaporize inside of a pumpbecause of their high boiling points and very low vaporpressures at all reasonable coolant tempera
40、tures. Fig. X3.1shows the vapor pressure relationships between water, 50/50EGW, and a typical non-aqueous engine coolant.X4. ABOUT THE DYNAMIC VISCOSITY TEST AT -40 CX4.1 Passing the dynamic viscosity test at -40 C estab-lishes that the dynamic viscosity does not exceed 2.0 Pas atthat temperature. I
41、t also establishes that the non-aqueouscoolant has no freezing symptoms at -40 C. If a non-aqueouscoolant were to have any incipient freezing characteristicswhatever at -40 C, it could not pass the 2.0 Pas requirement.NOTE X4.1Typically, a mixture of EG, together with a second diol inthe range of 10
42、 to 30 weight percent, may meet the 2.0 Pas requirementat -40 C.FIG. X3.1 Vapor Pressures of Typical Non-Aqueous Coolant, 50/50 EGW, and Water vs. TemperatureD8085 174ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin th
43、is standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must b
44、e reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theres
45、ponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, W
46、est Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 175
