1、Designation: E 389 03Standard Test Method forParticle Size or Screen Analysis at No. 4 (4.75-mm) Sieveand Coarser for Metal-Bearing Ores and Related Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 389; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal ado
2、ption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the sizedistribution by s
3、creen analysis of metal-bearing ores andrelated materials at No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve and coarser.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility the user of this standard to establish appropriatesafety and health practic
4、es and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:E 11 Specification for Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing Pur-poses2E 276 Test Method for Particle Size or Screen Analysis atNo. 4 (4.75-mm) Sieve and Finer for Metal-Bearing Oresand Related
5、 Materials3E 882 Guide for Accountability and Quality Control in theChemical Analysis Laboratory33. Terminology3.1 Definitions: For definitions of terms in this test method,refer to Terminology E 135.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The sample is passed through a bank of standard sievesby agitation. The
6、 screening technique described in this proce-dure may be used on any solid particles that can be dried so thatsieve blinding does not occur.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is intended to be used for compliancewith compositional specifications for particle size distribution.It is assumed
7、that all who use this procedure will be trainedanalysts capable of performing common laboratory practicesskillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performedin a properly equipped laboratory and that proper wastedisposal procedures will be followed. Follow appropriatequality control pra
8、ctices such as those described in GuideE 882.6. Apparatus and Materials6.1 U.S. Standard Sieves, conforming to the requirements ofSpecification E 11.6.2 Sieve Shaker, mechanical or manual.6.3 Drying Oven, of approximate size and capable ofmaintaining a uniform temperature at 110 6 5C.6.4 Sample Spli
9、tter or Riffle, with openings not less thanthree times the size of the largest particle.6.5 Scales and Weights, of adequate accuracy.6.6 Pans, for holding samples.6.7 Brushes, for cleaning sieves and pans.7. Sample Preparation7.1 If necessary, reduce the sample by means of a samplesplitter or riffle
10、, or by coning and quartering, or by thealternate-shovel method. Dry at 110 6 5C to constant weight.NOTE 1The size of the sample is very important in sieve analysisbecause the number of particles on a sieve surface affects the probabilityof any one particle passing through the sieve at a given time.
11、 The moreparticles there are on a sieve, the greater probability that any one particleis hindered from getting into a position to pass through the opening. Avoidoverloading the sieves.7.2 Screen the test sample from 7.1 on a No. 4 (4.75-mm)sieve. Weigh the material passing the sieve and, if desired,
12、screen in accordance with Test Method E 276.8. Procedure8.1 Clean the sieves and apparatus by brushing.8.2 Nest the selected sieves and fit a pan to the bottom sieve.Place the material which was retained on the No. 4 (4.75-mm)sieve from 7.2 in the top sieve. Cover and clamp in themechanical shaker a
13、nd shake for the length of time as specifiedin 8.3.8.3 Length of Screening Time or End PointThe screeningtime or end point is when additional periods of shaking fail tochange the results on any sieve used in the test by more than1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 onAna
14、lytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the directresponsibility of Subcommittee E01.02 on Ores, Concentrates, and Related Metal-lurgical Materials.Current edition approved June 10, 2003. Published October 2003. Originallyapproved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 1
15、998 as E 389 93 (1998).2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.0.3 %. For highly friable material the 0.3 % specification maybe meaningless a
16、nd an acceptable end point shall be deter-mined experimentally.8.4 WeighingRemove the clamp and cover. Transfer thecontents of each sieve to a tared pan, tapping and brushing thesieves to remove any lodged particles (Note 2). Record theweight of each sieve fraction.NOTE 2For sieves 2 in. (50 mm) and
17、 larger, the probability of a pieceof material passing through the sieve is related to its shape. Retainedparticles approximating the size of the sieve openings should be adjustedby hand to see if they will pass through. For sieves smaller than 2 in.,gently shake by hand to determine if screening is
18、 complete.9. Calculation9.1 Sum the weights of each sieve fraction including theweight of the material passing the No. 4 sieve in 7.2. The totalshall be within 1 % of the weight of the original test sample orthe analysis must be repeated from 7.1 with another testsample. The weight of the test sampl
19、e used for calculation isthe total of the sieve fractions. Calculate the percent retainedon each sieve as follows:Material retained, % 5 Wr/Wt! 3 100 (1)where:Wr= mass retained on each sieve, andWt= total mass of all sieve fractions.Calculate the percent passing the finest sieve as follows:Material
20、passing, % 5 Wp/Wt! 3 100 (2)where:Wp= mass passing the finest sieve, retained on a pan orfilter, andWt= total mass of all sieve fractions.Obtain the percent cumulative by adding each percent retainedon each sieve as the series progresses.10. Report10.1 Report the following data: sieve size, weight
21、retainedon or passing through sieve, percent retained on sieve, andpercent cumulative.10.2 Present the data of a screen analysis graphically as acumulative direct plot or a cumulative logarithmic plot. Fromthe plots, the percentages remaining on any set of openingsother than those of the testing sie
22、ves used, can be found byinterpolation and in this way redistribution of the same materialby any assumed set of openings can be determined.11. Standardization of Sieves11.1 Calibrate the sieves by use of calibrated glass spheres.Standard glass spheres are available through the NationalInstitute of S
23、tandards and Technology (NIST)4and otherinternational standardization organizations.12. Precision and Bias12.1 PrecisionIt is generally agreed that the selection ofthe sample, loading of the sieves, sieves themselves, or thefinal weighing, all influence the reproducibility and accuracy ofscreening.
24、Some particle wear occurs but is usually insignifi-cant. Brittleness or hardness of the ore and the mode ofoperation of the mechanical shaker influence slightly theresults of the test. The size and shape of the particlessignificantly influence the probability of passing when screenor sieve aperture
25、and particle size are close. Screening time isimportant, but it cannot be said that a specific time of screeningshould be used for all types of materials. End point or time ofscreening for different materials is to be established by experi-mentation.12.2 When fines form clusters of agglomerates or a
26、dhere tocoarse particles, wet screening may be required or be desirable,depending upon each users needs.13. Keywords13.1 analysis; ores; particle; screen; size4Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Depart-ment of Commerce, Gaithersburg, MD 20899.E389032APPENDIX(Nonmanda
27、tory Information)X1. SUMMARY OF U.S. SIEVE, TYLER SCREEN, AND ISO EQUIVALENTSU.S. Standard Sieve Tyler Screen Number ISO Designation, mm5 in. 1254.24 in. 1064 in. 100312 in. 903 in. 75212 in. 532 in. 50134 in. 45112 in. 37.5114 in. 31.51.06 in. 1.05 in. 26.51 in. 25.078 in. 0.883 in. 22.434 in. 0.74
28、2 in. 19.058 in. 0.624 in. 16.012 in. 12.5716 in. 0.441 in. 11.238 in. 0.371 in. 9.5516 in. 212 mesh 8.00.265 in. 3 mesh 6.714 in. 6.3No. 312 312 mesh 5.6No. 4 4 mesh 4.75ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedi
29、n this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and mu
30、st be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of th
31、eresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).E389033
