1、Designation: E1082 90 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Test Method forMeasurement of Vehicular Response to Traveled SurfaceRoughness1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1082; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision
2、, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of vehicularresponse to traveled surface roughness.1.2 This te
3、st method utilizes an apparatus that measures therelative motion of a sprung mass system in response to traveledsurface roughness where the mass is supported by automotive-type suspension and tires.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its u
4、se. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-tionary statements are given in Section 6.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dan
5、ce with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Sta
6、ndards:2E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE178 Practice for Dealing With Outlying ObservationsE867 Terminology Relating to Vehicle-Pavement SystemsE1136 Specification for P195/75R14 Radial Standard Refer-ence Test Tire3. Summary of Test Method3.1 Vehicular resp
7、onse to traveled surface roughness iscalculated from an accumulated displacement measurementdivided by the test section length. A vehicle is brought to thedesired test speed and lateral position in the lane to be tested.The test apparatus is placed in operation and a constant speedis maintained thro
8、ughout the test. Pertinent information affect-ing test results must be noted.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method provides a means of evaluating trav-eled surface roughness. The measured values represent vehicu-lar response to traveled surface roughness obtained with theequipment and procedur
9、es stated herein and do not necessarilyagree or correlate directly with those obtained by othermethods.35. Apparatus5.1 Test Apparatus, consisting of an axle to frame thedisplacement measuring sensor, a displacement accumulator, adistance measuring system, and a recording system mounted ina vehicle
10、that is either a suitable passenger automobile withfour wheels or a suitable single-axle, two-wheel trailer towedby a vehicle.5.2 Test AutomobileThe vehicle used to house the dis-placement measurement sensor. It shall be equipped as follows:5.2.1 Engine in front,5.2.2 Rigid rear axle,5.2.3 Rear spri
11、ngs (coil, single leaf, gas),5.2.4 Rear sway bar,5.2.5 Heavy duty shock absorbers,5.2.6 Tires dynamically balanced (GM-TPC4or Specifica-tion E1136),5.2.7 Cruise control,5and5.2.8 Air conditioning.55.3 Test TrailerA two-wheel trailer shall be specificallydesigned and equipped to house the displacemen
12、t measurementsensor, meeting the following requirements:1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E17 on Vehicle- Pavement Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E17.31 onMethods for Measuring Profile and Roughness.Current edition approved June 1, 2017. Publishe
13、d June 2017. Originallyapproved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as E1082 90 (2012).DOI: 10.1520/E1082-90R17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, r
14、efer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Gillespie, T. D., Sayers, M. W., and Segel, L., “Calibration of Response-TypeRoad Roughness Measuring System,” National Cooperative Highway ResearchProgram Report 228, December 1980.4General Motors, “Tire Performance Criteria, Procedure
15、s and Specifications,”Engineering Publication A-4082, General Motors Corp., Milford, MI, 1982.5These items are optional but are listed since they can substantially affect theease with which the test is run.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-
16、2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technica
17、l Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.15.3.1 120 6 1 in. (3048 6 25 mm) from the center of thehitch to the center of the axle,5.3.2 65 6 5 in. (1651 6 127 mm) from the center of thetire to the center of the tire,5.3.3 Coil-spring shock absorber suspension system,5.3.4 Sway bar,5.3.5 Tires dynamically
18、balanced (GM-TPC),45.3.6 Weight and suspension system balanced to provide aresponse to the range of traveled surface roughness to bemeasured, and5.3.7 Rigid axle.5.4 Instrumentation:5.4.1 General RequirementsThe instrumentation shallfunction accurately at ambient temperatures between 40 F and100 F (
19、4.4 C and 37.8 C). All electronic and mechanicalcomponents of the system will be adequately designed towithstand adverse conditions such as dust, moisture,vibrations, and shocks that may be encountered in traversingthe traveled surfaces to be measured.5.4.2 Displacement Measuring SensorCapable of me
20、asur-ing relative vertical axle-to-frame displacement in incrementsof 0.125 in. (3.175 mm) or less in response to traveled surfaceroughness.5.4.3 Displacement AccumulatorCapable of accumulatingthe output of the displacement measurement sensor in one orboth directions and transmitting an output, whic
21、h is a functionof the measured displacement, to the recording system.5.4.4 Distance Measuring SystemMust indicate distanceby producing an output directly proportional to traveleddistance that will actuate a high-speed counter capable ofaccepting count rates equivalent to the highest possible testspe
22、ed. The system shall accommodate measurements in eitherfeet or miles (metres or kilometres) and have calibrationadjustment capability.5.4.5 Recording SystemMust provide an accumulativegraphic, printed, or digital display of the outputs of thedisplacement accumulator and distance measurement system.6
23、. Safety Precautions6.1 The test vehicle, as well as attachments to it, shallcomply with applicable state and federal laws. Precautionsimposed by law shall be taken to ensure the safety of operatingpersonnel and the public.7. Calibration7.1 SpeedCalibrate the vehicle speedometer that is used toindic
24、ate the test speed by determining the time required totraverse an accurately measured (60.1 %), level and straightsection of pavement at a constant indicated speed. Calibrationspeeds should encompass the normal speed (or speeds) re-quired for testing. A minimum of three test runs at each speedshould
25、 be made for calibration. The precision of measureddistance/time for the three test runs should be within 62 mph(63.2 km/h) of the average. The tangent section of pavementused for this calibration should be at least 0.5 mile (0.8 km) inlength.7.2 DistanceCalibrate the distance output by determiningt
26、he distance recorded after traversing an accurately measured(60.1%) level, tangent pavement section at a constant indi-cated speed. Distance calibrations should incorporate all cali-bration speeds. A minimum of three test runs should be madeat each speed. The precision of the distance output for the
27、 threetest runs should be within 61 % of the average. The tangentsection of pavement used for this calibration should be at least1.0 mile (1.6 km) in length.7.3 Vehicular Response to Traveled Surface RoughnessPrior to calibration, exercise caution to ensure proper operationof all electronic and mech
28、anical equipment. Operation shouldcomply with the manufacturers recommended procedures andthe requirements of this test method. Calibration shall consistof adjusting the output of the displacement accumulator of aparticular test apparatus through mathematical or mechanicalmeans to correspond to a me
29、asure of roughness determined byone of the following reference methods, selected by theindividual agency.7.3.1 Preferred Method3Acomputer simulation of vehicu-lar response based on inputs from a profile measuring system.7.3.2 Alternate MethodsThe following methods of cali-bration will not necessaril
30、y produce results that are in agree-ment with the preferred method or with each other:37.3.2.1 A measure of roughness of the CHLOE6profilometer,7.3.2.2 Artificial roughness surfaces,7.3.2.3 Panel rating, and7.3.2.4 A similar piece of equipment calibrated as a stan-dard.7.3.3 Pavement Calibration Sec
31、tionsPavement sections(not to include artificial roughness surfaces) used for thecalibration of vehicular response to traveled surface roughnessshall be uniform in roughness throughout, as far as practical,and shall be a minimum of 0.2 miles (0.3 km) in length.7.3.3.1 A minimum of three pavement sec
32、tions should beused for calibration of vehicular response to traveled surfaceroughness. These sections shall exhibit roughness within arange of values significant for routine testing.7.3.3.2 A separate calibration of vehicular response totraveled surface roughness will be required for each test spee
33、d.A minimum of three determinations of vehicular response totraveled surface roughness shall be required for each particulartest speed. The calibration of vehicular response to traveledsurface roughness at different speeds will enable testing at aspeed appropriate to the flow of traffic.7.4 Frequenc
34、yThe calibrations are valid only if nochanges occur or are made in the test apparatus. The individualagency shall set the frequency of calibration and calibrationchecks. The recommended minimum frequency of calibrationis annual.8. Test Preparation8.1 Equipment which has an effect on the riding quali
35、ty ofthe vehicle and the instrumentation should be inspected prior toinitiating the testing. Tires and shock absorbers should be in6“The AASHO Road Test, Report 5, Pavement Research,” HRB Special Report61E, 1962.E1082 90 (2017)2good condition. Prior to each series of tests, warm up the tiresby trave
36、ling for at least 5 miles (8 km) at normal traffic speeds.Set the tire inflation pressure at the tire manufacturers maxi-mum recommended pressure for size and type of tire used atambient temperature just before the 5 mile (8 km) warmup.8.1.1 Automobile Mounted UnitsThese units are sensitiveto the fo
37、llowing, and special attention must be given to theseitems prior to testing to ensure that they are in the samecondition as when the test apparatus was calibrated:8.1.1.1 Total mass of the vehicle and its contents,8.1.1.2 Number of vehicle occupants,8.1.1.3 Mass distribution within the vehicle,8.1.1
38、.4 Wheelbase (same vehicle),8.1.1.5 Type and condition of the shock absorbers and thesprings,8.1.1.6 Tire type, condition, balance, and pressure,8.1.1.7 Test speed,8.1.1.8 Fuel quantity of one-half tank, minimum, and8.1.1.9 Front-end suspension condition and alignment.8.1.2 Trailer-Mounted UnitsThes
39、e units are suggestedbecause of the obvious elimination of many of the variables in8.1.1. However, special attention must be given to ensure thatthe items in 8.1.2.1 8.1.2.3 are in the same condition as whenthe test apparatus was calibrated.8.1.2.1 Tire condition, balance, and pressure,8.1.2.2 Shock
40、 absorbers and spring condition, and8.1.2.3 Test speed.9. Test Sections9.1 The test sections should be continuous sections oftraveled surface (construction projects) of uniform age andcomposition that have been subjected to essentially uniformwear. The individual agency shall specify the minimum tes
41、tsection length but not less than 0.1 mile (0.2 km). Each laneshould be considered a separate test section. Test sections shallnot include bridge structures or railroad crossings. The surfaceshould be free of debris prior to testing.9.2 Lateral Positioning of Test Vehicle on Test SectionsNormal test
42、ing shall be accomplished with the test tirescentered in the normal traffic pattern (wheelpaths).10. Test Speed and Temperature10.1 Test SpeedShould correspond with one of the cali-bration speeds consistent with the posted speed limit.10.2 Test TemperatureAmbient temperature should bebetween 40 F an
43、d 100 F (4.4 C and 37.8 C).11. Measurement11.1 Significance of MeasurementsThe individual agencyshould define acceptable values of vehicular response totraveled surface roughness for existing pavements, newconstruction, and overlays. The pavement type and traffic areinfluencing characteristics which
44、 may require different values.11.2 Vehicular Response to Traveled Surface RoughnessShall be expressed in common terms which do not fluctuatewith test section length. (Example: units of axle displacementper unit length).12. Procedure12.1 Prior to the beginning of the test section, bring the testvehic
45、le to the desired speed and alignment and maintainconstant speed throughout.Avariation in the indicated speed of62 mph (63.2 km/h) will void the acquired data.12.2 Record the data pertinent to the test.12.3 Individual determinations of vehicular response totraveled surface roughness for a test resul
46、t average shallconform to Section 12. Test results that are manifestly faultyshall be discarded in accordance with Practice E178.13. Calculation13.1 Determine the test section limits and length.13.2 Determine the accumulated displacement in responseto traveled surface roughness measured within the t
47、est sectionlimits.13.3 Calculate the test result of vehicular response totraveled surface roughness as necessary, dependent upon themethod of calibration used.14. Report14.1 Field ReportThe field report for each test sectionshall contain data on the following items:14.1.1 Location and identification
48、 of test section,14.1.2 Date and time of day,14.1.3 Ambient temperature,14.1.4 Type of pavement,14.1.5 Lane tested,14.1.6 Speed of test vehicle,14.1.7 Test result from 13.3,14.1.8 Operator(s),14.1.9 Test unit identification, and14.1.10 Calibration method (optional).14.2 Summary ReportThe summary rep
49、ort for each testsection shall include data on the following items insofar as theyare pertinent to the variables under investigation:14.2.1 Location and identification of the test section,14.2.2 Lane tested,14.2.3 Date of test,14.2.4 Pavement type,14.2.5 Test result, and14.2.6 Calibration method.15. Precision and Bias15.1 Individual Measurement PrecisionIndividual re-peated determinations of accumulated displacement for thesame test section by the same operator with the same equip-ment on the same day must agree with the average of thedeterminatio
