1、Designation: E 1274 03Standard Test Method forMeasuring Pavement Roughness Using a Profilograph1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1274; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.
2、A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the measurement of pavementroughness using an articulated multi-wheeled profilograph atleast 23 ft (7 m) lon
3、g (Fig. 1 is typical).1.2 This test method utilizes a surface record made bymoving the profilograph longitudinally over the pavement atless than 3 mph (5 km/hr). The record is analyzed to determinethe rate of roughness and to identify bumps that exceed aspecified threshold.1.3 The values stated in i
4、nch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of r
5、egulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 6 forspecific hazard statement.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Adjuncts: ADJE1274, Blueprint of CaliforniaProfilograph Assembly (18 blueprints)E 1274 Test Method for Measuring Pavement RoughnessUsing a Profilograph2,33. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Te
6、rms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 blanking banda band of uniform height with itslongitudinal center positioned optimally between the highs andlows of the surface record depicting at least 100 ft (30 m) ofpavement (see Fig. 2).3.1.2 cutoff heighta specified distance of a high on thesurface record f
7、rom a chord representing 25 ft (7.5 m) on thelongitudinal scale. The chord may represent less than 25 ft (7.5m) if it is from the lows on each side of the high (see Fig. 2).3.1.3 rate of roughnesssum of the roughness divided bythe longitudinal distance covered by the blanking band.3.1.4 roughnesshei
8、ght of each continuous scalloprounded to the nearest 0.05 in. (1 mm), except those less than0.03 in. (0.8 mm) vertically and 2 ft (0.6 m) longitudinally.3.1.5 scallopsexcursions of the surface record above andbelow the blanking band (see Fig. 2).4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method provides a
9、 means for measuring theroughness of new or rehabilitated pavements. Results maydiffer between profilographs of different designs and thereforewill not necessarily agree with roughness measurements byother profilographs or other roughness-measuring equipment.5. Apparatus5.1 Profilographs:5.1.1 With
10、Uniformly Spaced Wheelsa reference platformcomprised of dollies articulated by rigid members or trusses sothat all the wheels are supporting the profilograph. There mustbe at least twelve reference platform wheels, and the axes ofthese wheels must be uniformly spaced throughout the effec-tive length
11、 of the profilograph.4The effective length must be atleast 23 ft (7 m) long. A surface sensing wheel and recordershall be located at the center of the reference platform. Thediameter of the surface sensing wheel shall be at least 6 in.(150 mm). If the recorder is graphic, its scales shall be 1:1vert
12、ically and 1:300 longitudinally (1 in. = 25 ft). If therecorder is digital (optional analog display must have the samescales as the graphic recorder), it must sample 5 times/longitudinal inch of travel and record the relative height of thesurface to at least the nearest 0.01 in. (0.25 mm).5.1.2 With
13、 Non-Uniformly Spaced Wheels It shall be asdescribed in 5.1.1, except the axes of the reference-platformwheels are not uniformly spaced but are at least 1 ft (0.3 m)apart so no two wheels cross the same bump at the same time.The recorder can be located elsewhere, but surface sensingequipment must be
14、 located at the center of the referenceplatform. A common apparatus with non-uniformly spacedwheels is the California profilograph (see 2.1).5.1.3 There are differences in frequency responses betweenprofilographs with uniformly spaced wheels and profilographswith non-uniformly spaced wheels (see Fig
15、. 3).1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E17 onVehicle-Pavement Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E17.31on Methods for Measuring Profile and Roughness.Current edition approved Aug. 10, 2003. Published October 2003. Originallyapproved in 1988. Last pre
16、vious edition approved in 1993 as E 127488 (1993)e1.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03.3A blueprint of the California Profilograph Assembly is available from ASTMHeadquarters, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. RequestAdjunct No. ADJE1274.4Hankins, Kenneth D., “Construction C
17、ontrol Profilograph Principles,” Re-search Report 49-1, Texas Highway Department, June 1967.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.2 Blanking Band Template (optional)Approximately2-in. (50-mm) wide clear plastic strip at l
18、east 4 in. (100 mm)long. A common length is 21.12 in. The center of the templateis marked with an opaque strip the width of the stipulatedblanking band throughout its length and with lines every 0.1 in.(2 mm) above and below the blanking band.5.3 Excessive Height Template (optional)Clear plasticpiec
19、e marked with a 1.00 6 0.02-in. (25.0 6 0.5-mm) line thatis the stipulated cutoff height distance from a straight edge onthe template. Two small holes may be drilled to fix the ends ofthe line (see Fig. 2).6. Hazards6.1 Since profilographs in the testing mode are moved nofaster than 3 mph (5 km/hr),
20、 do not operate near traffic withoutproper traffic control devices and use procedures that assure thesafety of testing personnel and the public.7. Sampling7.1 Take profilograph recordings 3.5 6 0.5 ft (1.0 6 0.2 m)from and parallel to both edges of the pavement and to bothsides of each planned longi
21、tudinal joint or in each plannedwheel path.7.2 Any exceptions to these sampling requirements (forexample, 25 ft from each bridge) must be stipulated.8. Calibration8.1 Height recording:8.1.1 Place gage blocks of 0.5 in. (10 mm) and 1.5 in. (60mm) under the surface sensing wheel. The record must indic
22、atethe actual height of each platform within 60.02 in. (0.5 mm).8.1.2 Verify the standardization of the height recordingbefore any week of use, whenever the profilograph is re-assembled and whenever there is evidence of possible inaccu-racy.8.2 Distance recording:8.2.1 Mark a distance of 100.00 ft (
23、30.00 m) on reasonablyeven pavement. Move the profilograph forward until a particu-lar point is at the first mark and make the recorder mark theevent on the record. Move the profilograph forward again untilthe point is at the second mark and make the recorder to markthis event, too. The record must
24、indicate 100 6 1 ft (30.0 6 0.3m) between the two events (4.00 6 0.04 in. on graphic record).8.2.2 Verify the standardization of the distance recordingbefore any month of use and whenever there is evidence ofpossible inaccuracy.9. Procedure9.1 Clear the intended profilograph path of all loose materi
25、aland foreign objects.9.2 If possible, move the profilograph about 30 ft (10 m)forward to the starting point. Once there, initialize the recorderand make beginning notations.9.3 Move the profilograph forward no faster than 3 mph (5km/hr), steering it to stay within that prescribed sampling path.Pert
26、inent observation about surveyed location or unusualconditions may be made on the record only as they occur.Observe the recorder for any unusual operation.9.4 Upon completion of a sampling path, make endingnotations and review the recording for reasonableness. Repeatthe procedure for successive samp
27、ling paths.FIG. 1 Typical ProfilographNOTE 1Fig. 2 is graphic for visual reading. It can be digital forcomputer input.FIG. 2 Surface RecordE127403210. CalculationNOTE 1Calculations can be done manually with the blanking bandand excessive height templates or electronically with routines in acomputer.
28、10.1 Apply the blanking band to successive lengths of thesurface record. Determine the roughness from each scallop.Add all roughness for each stipulated segment. From thesurface record, determine the longitudinal distance between thefarthest points of the beginning and ending scallops or absencether
29、eof. Divide the result of the addition by the correspondinglongitudinal distance to calculate the rate of roughness for thatsegment of that path.10.2 Apply the excessive height chord to the top of eachwave on the surface record. Identify all bumps that areexcessively high by their locations.11. Repo
30、rt11.1 The following information shall be given for eachspecific application:11.1.1 Height of blanking band to nearest 0.05 in. (1 mm),(for example, 0.1 or 0.2 in.),11.1.2 Cutoff height to the nearest 0.05 in. (1 mm), (forexample, 0.3 in.),11.1.3 Profilograph with or without uniformly spaced refer-e
31、nce platform wheels, and11.1.4 Length of each segment for which the rate ofroughness is calculated.12. Precision and Bias12.1 The precision and bias of this test method are beingdetermined.13. Keywords13.1 graphic surface record; pavement; roughnessNOTE 1This figure comes from Walker, Roger S., and
32、H.-T. Lin, The University of Texas at Arlington, Research Project 8-10-87-569, “Correlationof California and Rainhart Profilographs with PSI,” conducted for Texas State Department of Highways and Public Transportation in cooperation withthe U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administ
33、ration.FIG. 3 Computer Simulation of Profilograph Responses to Sinusoidal Inputs of Different Periods (wave lengths)E1274033ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are exp
34、ressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revis
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36、 attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).E1274034
