1、Designation: E 1274 03 (Reapproved 2008)Standard Test Method forMeasuring Pavement Roughness Using a Profilograph1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1274; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the measurement of pavementroughness using an articulated multi-wheeled profilograph atleas
3、t 23 ft (7 m) long (Fig. 1 is typical).1.2 This test method utilizes a surface record made bymoving the profilograph longitudinally over the pavement atless than 3 mph (5 km/hr). The record is analyzed to determinethe rate of roughness and to identify bumps that exceed aspecified threshold.1.3 The v
4、alues stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety problems, if any, associated wi
5、th its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 6 forspecific hazard statement.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Adjuncts:Blueprint of California
6、Profilograph Assembly (18 blue-prints)23. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 blanking banda band of uniform height with itslongitudinal center positioned optimally between the highs andlows of the surface record depicting at least 100 ft (30 m) ofpavement (see Fig. 2
7、).3.1.2 cutoff heighta specified distance of a high on thesurface record from a chord representing 25 ft (7.5 m) on thelongitudinal scale. The chord may represent less than 25 ft (7.5m) if it is from the lows on each side of the high (see Fig. 2).3.1.3 rate of roughnesssum of the roughness divided b
8、ythe longitudinal distance covered by the blanking band.3.1.4 roughnessheight of each continuous scalloprounded to the nearest 0.05 in. (1 mm), except those less than0.03 in. (0.8 mm) vertically and 2 ft (0.6 m) longitudinally.3.1.5 scallopsexcursions of the surface record above andbelow the blankin
9、g band (see Fig. 2).4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method provides a means for measuring theroughness of new or rehabilitated pavements. Results maydiffer between profilographs of different designs and thereforewill not necessarily agree with roughness measurements byother profilographs or oth
10、er roughness-measuring equipment.5. Apparatus5.1 Profilographs:5.1.1 With Uniformly Spaced Wheelsa reference platformcomprised of dollies articulated by rigid members or trusses sothat all the wheels are supporting the profilograph. There mustbe at least twelve reference platform wheels, and the axe
11、s ofthese wheels must be uniformly spaced throughout the effec-tive length of the profilograph.3The effective length must be atleast 23 ft (7 m) long. A surface sensing wheel and recordershall be located at the center of the reference platform. Thediameter of the surface sensing wheel shall be at le
12、ast 6 in.(150 mm). If the recorder is graphic, its scales shall be 1:1vertically and 1:300 longitudinally (1 in. = 25 ft). If therecorder is digital (optional analog display must have the samescales as the graphic recorder), it must sample 5 times/longitudinal inch of travel and record the relative
13、height of thesurface to at least the nearest 0.01 in. (0.25 mm).5.1.2 With Non-Uniformly Spaced Wheels It shall be asdescribed in 5.1.1, except the axes of the reference-platformwheels are not uniformly spaced but are at least 1 ft (0.3 m)apart so no two wheels cross the same bump at the same time.T
14、he recorder can be located elsewhere, but surface sensingequipment must be located at the center of the referenceplatform. A common apparatus with non-uniformly spacedwheels is the California profilograph (see 2.1).5.1.3 There are differences in frequency responses betweenprofilographs with uniforml
15、y spaced wheels and profilographswith non-uniformly spaced wheels (see Fig. 3).1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E17 on Vehicle- Pavement Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E17.31 onMethods for Measuring Profile and Roughness.Current edition approved
16、 June 1, 2008. Published July 2008. Originally approvedin 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as E 1274 03.2Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No.ADJE1274.3Hankins, Kenneth D., “Construction Control Profilograph Principles,” Re-search Report 49-1, Texas Highway De
17、partment, June 1967.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.2 Blanking Band Template (optional)Approximately2-in. (50-mm) wide clear plastic strip at least 4 in. (100 mm)long. A common length is 21.12 in. The center of the
18、templateis marked with an opaque strip the width of the stipulatedblanking band throughout its length and with lines every 0.1 in.(2 mm) above and below the blanking band.5.3 Excessive Height Template (optional)Clear plasticpiece marked with a 1.00 6 0.02-in. (25.0 6 0.5-mm) line thatis the stipulat
19、ed cutoff height distance from a straight edge onthe template. Two small holes may be drilled to fix the ends ofthe line (see Fig. 2).6. Hazards6.1 Since profilographs in the testing mode are moved nofaster than 3 mph (5 km/hr), do not operate near traffic withoutproper traffic control devices and u
20、se procedures that assure thesafety of testing personnel and the public.7. Sampling7.1 Take profilograph recordings 3.5 6 0.5 ft (1.0 6 0.2 m)from and parallel to both edges of the pavement and to bothsides of each planned longitudinal joint or in each plannedwheel path.7.2 Any exceptions to these s
21、ampling requirements (forexample, 25 ft from each bridge) must be stipulated.8. Calibration8.1 Height recording:8.1.1 Place gauge blocks of 0.5 in. (10 mm) and 1.5 in. (60mm) under the surface sensing wheel. The record must indicatethe actual height of each platform within 60.02 in. (0.5 mm).8.1.2 V
22、erify the standardization of the height recordingbefore any week of use, whenever the profilograph is re-assembled and whenever there is evidence of possible inaccu-racy.8.2 Distance recording:8.2.1 Mark a distance of 100.00 ft (30.00 m) on reasonablyeven pavement. Move the profilograph forward unti
23、l a particu-lar point is at the first mark and make the recorder mark theevent on the record. Move the profilograph forward again untilthe point is at the second mark and make the recorder to markthis event, too. The record must indicate 100 6 1 ft (30.0 6 0.3m) between the two events (4.00 6 0.04 i
24、n. on graphic record).8.2.2 Verify the standardization of the distance recordingbefore any month of use and whenever there is evidence ofpossible inaccuracy.9. Procedure9.1 Clear the intended profilograph path of all loose materialand foreign objects.9.2 If possible, move the profilograph about 30 f
25、t (10 m)forward to the starting point. Once there, initialize the recorderand make beginning notations.9.3 Move the profilograph forward no faster than 3 mph (5km/hr), steering it to stay within that prescribed sampling path.Pertinent observation about surveyed location or unusualconditions may be m
26、ade on the record only as they occur.Observe the recorder for any unusual operation.9.4 Upon completion of a sampling path, make endingnotations and review the recording for reasonableness. Repeatthe procedure for successive sampling paths.FIG. 1 Typical ProfilographNOTE 1Fig. 2 is graphic for visua
27、l reading. It can be digital forcomputer input.FIG. 2 Surface RecordE 1274 03 (2008)210. CalculationNOTE 1Calculations can be done manually with the blanking bandand excessive height templates or electronically with routines in acomputer.10.1 Apply the blanking band to successive lengths of thesurfa
28、ce record. Determine the roughness from each scallop.Add all roughness for each stipulated segment. From thesurface record, determine the longitudinal distance between thefarthest points of the beginning and ending scallops or absencethereof. Divide the result of the addition by the correspondinglon
29、gitudinal distance to calculate the rate of roughness for thatsegment of that path.10.2 Apply the excessive height chord to the top of eachwave on the surface record. Identify all bumps that areexcessively high by their locations.11. Report11.1 The following information shall be given for eachspecif
30、ic application:11.1.1 Height of blanking band to nearest 0.05 in. (1 mm),(for example, 0.1 or 0.2 in.),11.1.2 Cutoff height to the nearest 0.05 in. (1 mm), (forexample, 0.3 in.),11.1.3 Profilograph with or without uniformly spaced refer-ence platform wheels, and11.1.4 Length of each segment for whic
31、h the rate ofroughness is calculated.12. Precision and Bias12.1 The precision and bias of this test method are beingdetermined.13. Keywords13.1 graphic surface record; pavement; roughnessNOTE 1This figure comes from Walker, Roger S., and H.-T. Lin, The University of Texas at Arlington, Research Proj
32、ect 8-10-87-569, “Correlationof California and Rainhart Profilographs with PSI,” conducted for Texas State Department of Highways and Public Transportation in cooperation withthe U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration.FIG. 3 Computer Simulation of Profilograph Responses to
33、 Sinusoidal Inputs of Different Periods (wave lengths)E 1274 03 (2008)3ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of
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36、ived a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).E 1274 03 (2008)4
