1、Designation: E 1799 02Standard Practice forVisual Inspections of Photovoltaic Modules1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1799; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number i
2、n parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers procedures and criteria for visualinspections of photovoltaic modules.1.2 Visual inspections of photovoltaic modules are
3、normallyperformed before and after modules have been subjected toenvironmental stress testing, such as Test Methods E 1038,E 1171, E 1596 or E 1830 .1.3 This practice does not establish pass or fail levels. Thedetermination of acceptable or unacceptable results is beyondthe scope of this practice.1.
4、4 There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of re
5、gulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:E 772 Terminology Relating to Solar Energy Conversion2E 1038 Test Method for Determining Resistance of Photo-voltaic Modules to Hail by Impact With Propelled IceBalls2E 1171 Test Method for Photovoltaic Modules in CyclicTemp
6、erature and Humidity Environments2E 1328 Terminology Relating to Photovoltaic Solar EnergyConversion2E 1596 Test Methods for Solar Radiation Weathering ofPhotovoltaic Modules2E 1830 Test Methods for Determining Mechanical Integrityof Photovoltaic Modules23. Terminology3.1 Definitions Definitions of
7、terms used in this practicemay be found in Terminology E 772 and Terminology E 1328.4. Significance and Use4.1 Environmental stress tests, such as Test MethodsE 1038, E 1171, or E 1596, are normally used to evaluatemodule designs prior to production or purchase. These testmethods rely on performing
8、electrical tests and visual inspec-tions of modules before and after stress testing to determine theeffects of the exposures.4.2 Effects of environmental stress testing may vary from noeffects to significant changes. Some physical changes in themodule may be visible when there are no measurable elec
9、tricalchanges. Similarly, electrical changes in the module may occurwith no visible changes.4.3 It is the intent of this practice to provide a recognizedprocedure for performing visual inspections and to specifyeffects that should be reported.4.4 Many of these effects are subjective. In order to det
10、er-mine if a module has passed a visual inspection, the user of thispractice must specify what changes or conditions are accept-able. The user may have to judge whether changes noted duringan inspection will limit the useful life of a module design.5. Procedure5.1 Pre-Test InspectionInspections perf
11、ormed prior to anyenvironmental stress tests must document the module conditionso that any changes that occur during testing can be identifiedduring the post-test inspection.5.1.1 Visually inspect each module to determine the pres-ence or absence of anomalies or defects. Optical magnificationis not
12、required. Such anomalies or defects should include, butare not limited to:5.1.1.1 Shipping damage,5.1.1.2 Poor workmanship,5.1.1.3 Defects in mounting brackets or structures,5.1.1.4 Cracking, shrinkage, distortion, or tacky surfaces ofpolymeric materials,5.1.1.5 Failure of adhesive bonding,5.1.1.6 B
13、ubbles or delamination of encapsulant materials,5.1.1.7 Presence of foreign material,5.1.1.8 Corrosion of fasteners, mechanical members, orelectrical circuit elements,5.1.1.9 Voids in or corrosion of any thin-film photovoltaiclayers,1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E44 on S
14、olar,Geothermal, and Other Alternative Energy Sources and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee E44.09 on Photovoltaic Electric Power Conversion.Current edition approved Dec. 10, 2002. Published March 2003. Originallyapproved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 1996 as E 1799-96.2Annual
15、 Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 12.02.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.1.1.10 Discoloration of superstrate encapsulating materi-als,5.1.1.11 Discoloration of active photovoltaic elements,5.1.1.12 Broken, cracked, etched
16、, scratched, wrinkled, ortorn external surfaces,5.1.1.13 Broken or cracked active photovoltaic elements,5.1.1.14 Broken, cracked, or faulty electrical interconnec-tions,5.1.1.15 Cracked or damaged structural elements,5.1.1.16 A photovoltaic cell touching another cell or themodule frame,5.1.1.17 Elec
17、trical terminals not bonded to the module orthe module junction box,5.1.1.18 Missing, peeling, or damaged metal layers on cellsurfaces, and5.1.1.19 Any additional anomalies or defects specified bythe user of this practice that are evident.5.1.2 Record the results of the visual inspection so that any
18、changes that occur during subsequent testing can be identified.These records may be any combination of descriptions, dia-grams, or images of any anomalies or defects noticed duringthe inspection. The location of any anomalies or defects mustbe unambiguously documented.5.2 Post-Test Inspection:5.2.1
19、Repeat 5.1.1, using identical lighting or examinationconditions.5.2.2 Repeat 5.1.2. It is not necessary to record anomalies ordefects that were previously documented in the pre-test inspec-tion unless the anomalies or defects have visibly changedduring the subsequent testing.5.3 Comparison:5.3.1 Com
20、pare the results of the pre- and post-test inspec-tions to determine the visible effects of the environmentalstress testing on the test samples.6. Report6.1 The report shall include the following items as aminimum:6.1.1 Any anomalies or defects, in addition to the criteria of5.1.1, that the inspecti
21、ons were required to document (see5.1.1.19),6.1.2 Results of both visual inspections as recorded in 5.1and 5.2, and6.1.3 Determination of the visible effects of the environ-mental stress testing from 5.3.7. Keywords7.1 energy; inspections; modules; photovoltaics; solar; test-ing; visualASTM Internat
22、ional takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely the
23、ir own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should
24、be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standar
25、ds, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).E1799022
