ASTM E2214-2016 Standard Practice for Specifying and Verifying the Performance of Color-Measuring Instruments《说明和鉴定颜色测定仪性能的标准实施规程》.pdf
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1、Designation: E2214 121E2214 16Standard Practice forSpecifying and Verifying the Performance of Color-Measuring Instruments1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2214; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, t
2、he year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1 NOTEReference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 and corrections in the table in A1.3.1 were made editorially in September 2013.INT
3、RODUCTIONRecent advances in optics, electronics and documentary standard have resulted in a proliferation ofinstruments for the measurement of color and appearance of materials and objects. These instrumentspossess very good performance but there has been little progress toward standardizing the ter
4、minologyand procedures to quantify that performance. Therefore, the commercial literature and even somedocumentary standards are a mass of confusing terms, numbers and specifications that are impossibleto compare or interpret.Two recent papers in the literature, have proposed terms and procedures to
5、 standardize thespecification, comparison and verification of the level of performance of a color-measuringinstrument.2,3 Following those procedures, those specifications can be compared to product tolerances.This becomes important so that instrument users and instrument makers can agree on how to c
6、ompareor verify, or both, that their instruments are performing in the field as they were designed and testedin the factory.1. Scope1.1 This practice provides standard terms and procedures for describing and characterizing the performance of spectral and filterbased instruments designed to measure a
7、nd compute the colorimetric properties of materials and objects. It does not set thespecifications but rather gives the format and process by which specifications can be determined, communicated and verified.1.2 This practice does not describe methods that are generally applicable to visible-range s
8、pectroscopic instruments used foranalytical chemistry (UV-VIS spectrophotometers). ASTM Committee E13 on Molecular Spectroscopy and Chromatographyincludes such procedures in standards under their jurisdiction.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associate
9、d with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Diff
10、erences from Instrumentally Measured Color CoordinatesE284 Terminology of AppearanceE1164 Practice for Obtaining Spectrometric Data for Object-Color Evaluation1 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E12 on Color and Appearance and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E12.
11、04 on Color andAppearance Analysis.Current edition approved July 1, 2012Nov. 1, 2016. Published August 2012November 2016. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 20082012as E2214 08E2214 121. DOI: 10.1520/E2214-12E01.10.1520/E2214-16.2 Ladson, J., “Colorimetric Data Comparison
12、 of Bench-Top and Portable Instruments,” AIC Interim Meeting, Colorimetry, Berlin, 1995.3 Rich, D., “Standardized Terminology and Procedures for Specifying and Verifying the Performance of Spectrocolorimeters,” AIC Color 97 Kyoto, Kyoto, 1997.4 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, ww
13、w.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of wh
14、at changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered th
15、e official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12.2 Other Documents:ISO VIM International Vocabulary of Basic and General Terms in Metrology (VIM)55 ISO/IDE/OIML/BIPM, International Vocabulary of Basic and General
16、Terms in Metrology, International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland, 1984.E2214 162NIST Technical Note 1297 Guidelines for Evaluating and Expressing the Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Results63. Terminology3.1 Definitions of appearance terms in Terminology E284 are applicable to
17、 this practice.3.2 Definitions of metrology terms in ISO, International Vocabulary of Basic and General Terms in Metrology (VIM) areapplicable to this practice.3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.3.1 colorimetric spectrometer, nspectrometer, one component of which is a dispersive el
18、ement (such as a prism, grating orinterference filter or wedge or tunable or discrete series of monochromatic sources), that is normally capable of producing as outputcolorimetric data (such as tristimulus values and derived color coordinates or indices of appearance attributes) as well as theunderl
19、ying spectral data from which the colorimetric data are derived.3.3.1.1 DiscussionAt one time, UV-VIS analytical spectrophotometers were used for colorimetric measurements. Today, while instruments intendedfor use in color measurements share many common components with UV-VIS analytical spectrometer
20、s, there are two distinctclasses of instruments. UV-VIS analytical spectrometers are designed to optimize their use in chemometric quantitative analysis,which requires very precise spectral position and very narrow spectral windows and moderate baseline stability. Colorimetricspectrometers are desig
21、ned to optimize their use as simulations of the visual colorimeter or as the source of spectral andcolorimetric information for computer-assisted color matching systems. They allow more tolerance on the spectral scale andspectral window width but demand much more stability in the radiometric scale.3
22、.3.2 inter-instrument agreement, na form of reproducibility the closeness of agreement between the results of measurementsin which two or more instruments from the same manufacturer and model are compared.3.3.3 inter-model agreement, na form of reproducibility in which the measurements of the closen
23、ess of agreement betweenthe results of measurements in which two or more instruments from different manufacturers, or of different but equivalent design,are compared.3.3.3.1 DiscussionModern instruments have such high precision that small differences in geometric and spectral design can result in si
24、gnificantdifferences in the performance of two instruments. This can occur even though both instruments exhibit design and performancebias which are well within the expected combined uncertainty of the instrument and within the requirements of any internationalstandard.3.3.4 mean color difference fr
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