1、Designation: E 2229 09Standard Practices forInterpretation of Psychophysiological Detection ofDeception (Polygraph) Data1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2229; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, th
2、e year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These practices establish procedures for the systematicinterpretation and analysis of Psychophysiological De
3、tection ofDeception (PDD) data.1.2 Any test data analysis procedure used shall be correctlymatched to the PDD examination format. Examiners shall useevaluation methods for which they have been formally trained.1.2.1 Acceptable test data analysis procedures are thosepublished in refereed or technical
4、 journals, and for whichpublished replications of the procedures have confirmed theirefficacy.2. Terminology2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:2.1.1 3position scalewhole number values from -1to 1assigned systematically to responses to relevant and compari-son questions. These values
5、are summed, and the PDD out-come is governed by specified decision rules for which thesesums are used.2.1.2 7position scalewhole number values from -3 to 3assigned systematically to responses to relevant and compari-son questions. These values are summed, and the PDD out-come is governed by specifie
6、d decision rules for which thesesums are used.2.1.3 ranka number assigned to individual responseswithin a PDD recording hierarchically, according to relativeresponse intensity.2.1.4 rank order scoringassignment of ranks according torelative magnitude of the responses. The PDD outcome isgoverned by s
7、pecified decision rules using these ranks.2.1.5 respiration line lengthsum of the length of therespiration waveform over a fixed time period.2.1.6 response amplitudemagnitude of a response fromstimulus onset to maximum expression of the response withinthe response window.2.1.7 response durationperio
8、d between a phasic responseonset and return to baseline.2.1.8 response latencytime between stimulus and re-sponse onsets.2.1.9 response windowthe period in which physiologicalresponding normally occurs and recovers after stimulus onset.Response windows vary by channel.2.1.10 scorea number systematic
9、ally assigned to an es-tablished set of comparisons within a PDD recording.2.1.11 spot scoresum of scores associated with an indi-vidual relevant question across all test recordings.2.1.12 stimulus onsetcommencement of stimulus presen-tation.2.1.13 tonic levelresting or baseline activity level of th
10、eexaminee.2.1.14 total numerical scoresum of scores for an entireseries of charts and questions.3. Summary of Practices3.1 Global Evaluation:3.1.1 Evaluators utilizing global interpretation shall:3.1.1.1 Be formally trained in global interpretation.3.1.1.2 Confirm that the recordings are suitable fo
11、r globalevaluation. If they are not suitable, no evaluation shall beundertaken for the purpose of diagnosing truthfulness ordeception. Nothing shall preclude an evaluator from reportingevidence of countermeasures when this evidence exists.3.1.1.3 Use analysis methods generally recognized to beaccura
12、te.3.1.2 When possible, numerical evaluation shall be pre-ferred over global evaluation.3.2 Numerical Evaluation:3.2.1 Evaluators employing numerical evaluation shall firstverify that the PDD recordings are suitable for evaluation. Ifthey are not suitable, no evaluation shall be undertaken for thepu
13、rpose of diagnosing truthfulness or deception.3.2.1.1 Nothing shall preclude an evaluator from reportingevidence of countermeasures when this evidence exists.3.2.2 There are four principal components to numericalevaluation. They are:3.2.2.1 Identification of diagnostic tracing features.1These practi
14、ces are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E52 on ForensicPsychophysiology and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E52.05 onPsychophysiological Detection of Deception (PDD).Current edition approved March 1, 2009. Published March 2009. Originallyapproved in 2002. Last previous edition
15、approved in 2002 as E 222902.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.2.2.2 Assignment of numerical values according to therelative intensity of the tracing features.3.2.2.3 Computations based on the numerical values.3.2.2.4
16、 Decision rules that result from the computations.3.2.3 While others may occur in individual cases, there arefive empirically established diagnostic features in the respira-tion channel. They are:3.2.3.1 Suppression of respiration amplitude.3.2.3.2 Slowing of breathing rate (increase in cycle time,
17、orbradypnea).3.2.3.3 Change in the inhalation/exhalation time ratio.3.2.3.4 Apnea.3.2.3.5 Rise in the baseline of the respiration cycles. All ofthe diagnostic features in respiration, except the rise in base-line, are captured by a common metric, respiration line length.3.2.4 There is one primary di
18、agnostic feature in the electro-dermal channel that has been empirically confirmed. It iselectrodermal response amplitude.3.2.4.1 There are two secondary diagnostic features:(1) Response complexity.(2) Response duration.3.2.5 While others may occur in individual cases, there isone primary diagnostic
19、 feature in the cardiograph channel thathas been empirically verified. It is the rise in the cardiographtracing baseline.3.2.5.1 There is one secondary feature: response duration.3.2.6 There are two diagnostic features in the photoplethys-mograph that have been empirically determined. They aredecrea
20、se in pulse amplitude and duration of response.3.2.7 Assignment of numbers to relative response intensitiesshall be in keeping with those of scoring systems that havebeen empirically verified and cross-validated in university-grade research.3.2.8 Computation methods using the assigned numbersintensi
21、ties shall be in keeping with those of scoring systemsthat have been empirically verified and cross-validated inuniversity-grade research.3.2.9 Decision rules shall be in keeping with those ofscoring systems that have been empirically verified and cross-validated in university-grade research.4. Keyw
22、ords4.1 decision rules; global analysis; numerical analysis; poly-graph; psychophysiological detection of deceptionASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly ad
23、vised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, eithe
24、r reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend.
25、If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).E2229092
