ASTM F14-1980(2010) Standard Practice for Making and Testing Reference Glass-Metal Bead-Seal《标准玻璃金属胎圈密封胶的生产和试验标准实施规程》.pdf
《ASTM F14-1980(2010) Standard Practice for Making and Testing Reference Glass-Metal Bead-Seal《标准玻璃金属胎圈密封胶的生产和试验标准实施规程》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM F14-1980(2010) Standard Practice for Making and Testing Reference Glass-Metal Bead-Seal《标准玻璃金属胎圈密封胶的生产和试验标准实施规程》.pdf(4页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: F14 80 (Reapproved 2010)Standard Practice forMaking and Testing Reference Glass-Metal Bead-Seal1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F14; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last
2、revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers procedures for preparing and test-ing reference glass-to-metal bead-seals for determining themagnitude
3、 of thermal expansion (or contraction) mismatchbetween the glass and metal. Tests are in accordance withmethod F218 (2).1.2 This practice applies to all glass-metal combinations,established or experimental, particularly those intended forelectronic components.1.3 The practical limit of the test in d
4、evising mismatch isapproximately 300 ppm, above which the glass is likely tofracture.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices an
5、d determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F15 Specification for Iron-Nickel-Cobalt Sealing AlloyF30 Specification for Iron-Nickel Sealing AlloysF31 Specification for 42 % Nickel-6 % Chromium-IronSealing AlloyF79 Specification for
6、 Type 101 Sealing Glass2F105 Specification for Type 58 Borosilicate Sealing GlassF218 Test Method for Measuring Optical Retardation andAnalyzing Stress in GlassF256 Specification for Chromium-Iron Sealing Alloys with18 or 28 Percent ChromiumF 257 Specifications for 28 % Chromium-Iron Alloy forSealin
7、g to Glass33. Summary of Practice3.1 Seals of a standard configuration are prepared from arepresentative sample of each metal and glass to be tested.Each material is prepared by an approved method and sized asspecified. The seal is formed, annealed, and measured foroptical retardation from which the
8、 axial stress and expansionmismatch are calculated. At least two specimens are requiredfrom which average values are obtained.4. Significance and Use4.1 The term reference as employed in this practice impliesthat both the glass and the metal of the reference glass-metalseal will be a standard refere
9、nce material such as thosesupplied for other physical tests by the National Institute ofStandards and Technology, or a secondary reference materialwhose sealing characteristics have been determined by seals toa standard reference material (see NIST Special Publication260).4Until standard reference m
10、aterials for seals are estab-lished by the NIST, secondary reference materials may beagreed upon between producer and user.55. Apparatus5.1 Polarimeter, as specified in Method F218 for measuringoptical retardation and analyzing stress in glass.5.2 Heat-Treating and Oxidizing Furnaces, with suitablec
11、ontrols and with provisions for appropriate atmospheres(Annex A1) for preconditioning metal, if required.5.3 Glassworking Lamp or Sealing Furnace, radiant tube,muffle, or r-f induction with suitable controls and provision foruse with inert atmosphere.5.4 Annealing Furnace, with capability of control
12、led cool-ing.5.5 Ultrasonic Cleaner, optional.5.6 Micrometer Caliper, with index permitting direct read-ing of 0.02 cm.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C14 on Glass andGlass Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C14.04 on Physicaland Mechanical Propertie
13、s.Current edition approved April 1, 2010. Published May 2010. Originallyapproved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as F14 80 (2005). DOI:10.1520/F0014-80R10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Ann
14、ual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.4Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http:/www.nist.gov.C145Gulati, S. T., and Hagy, H. E.
15、, “Expansion Measurement Using ShortCylindrical Seal: Theory and Measurement,” Thermal Expansion 6, edited by Ian D.Peggs, Plenum, New York, N. Y., 1978, pp. 113130.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6. Materials6.1 Meta
16、lRepresentative rod stock with out-of-round notexceeding 1 % shall be selected, preferably with a diameter inthe range 0.5 to 4 mm. Smaller diameters result in a loss ofsensitivity and larger diameters tend to be cumbersome andimpractical. Surfaces shall be relatively free of scratches,machine marks
17、, pits, or inclusions that would induce localizedstresses. Length requirements are discussed in 6.2.6.2 GlassRepresentative glass tubing of suitable opticaltransmission with an inside diameter 0.15 to 0.25 mm largerthan the metal rod diameter. The outside diameter of the tubingshall preferably be su
18、ch that it produces a glass-to-metaldiameter ratio between 1.5 and 2. The length of the tubing shallexceed four times the finished glass diameter. The length of themetal rod must exceed the length of the tubing. Surfacecontaminants shall be removed to reduce the risk of makingbubbly seals. An ultras
19、onic water mark is recommended.7. Seal-Making Procedure7.1 The seal may be made either by flame-working tech-niques or by heating the tubing-rod assembly in a furnace. Ineither case, rotation of the assembly is strongly recommendedto maintain geometrical symmetry. For furnace sealing, 5 to 10min at
20、a temperature 100C above the softening point of theglass will generally produce a satisfactory seal.7.2 When used as an acceptance test by producer and user,the number of test seals representing one determination shall beestablished by mutual agreement. However two seals are aminimum requirement for
21、 one determination.7.3 Upon completion of the seal making, determine the roddiameter, glass bead diameter and length, and record thesedata.8. Annealing8.1 Once a symmetrical, bubble-free seal has been made,proper annealing of the seal becomes the most critical part ofthe procedure. It is by this ope
22、ration that all stresses arerelieved except those due to the difference in thermal contrac-tion of the two materials from annealing temperature levels.This process involves heating the seal to a temperaturesomewhat higher than the annealing point of the glass andmaintaining this temperature for a ti
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