ASTM E959-1983(2005) Standard Test Method for Characterizing the Performance of Refuse Size-Reduction Equipment《表征废料粉碎设备性能特性的试验方法》.pdf
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1、Designation: E 959 83 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Test Method forCharacterizing the Performance of Refuse Size-ReductionEquipment1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 959; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revisi
2、on, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers measuring the performance ofsolid waste size reduction equipment.1.2 This tes
3、t method can be used to measure the flow (thatis, throughput) of solid waste through the size-reductionequipment, energy usage of the size-reduction device, andparticle size of the shredded product.1.3 This test method includes instructions for measuringenergy usage, solid waste throughput, net proc
4、essing time, andparticle size distribution.1.4 This test method applies only to size reduction equip-ment that produces a shredded product with a size correspond-ing to 90 % cumulative passing in the range of 0.5 to 15 cm(0.26 in.) on an air-dry weight basis. For material withnominal sizes outside o
5、f this range, the precision and biasstatements for particle size designation (Section 14) may notapply.1.5 This test method can be applied to size reductionequipment located anywhere within a processing line.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in par
6、entheses are for informationonly.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitat
7、ions prior to use. See Section 7 forspecific hazard information.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E 828 Test Method for Designating the Size of RDF-3 FromIts Sieve AnalysisE 929 Test Method for Measuring Electrical Energy Re-quirements of Processing Equipment3. Terminology Definitions:3.1 c
8、haracteristic product sizethe screen size correspond-ing to 63.2 % cumulative passing by weight.3.2 discrete throughput methodthe method whereby av-erage throughput is calculated as the average of a number ofdiscrete throughput measurements conducted during a testperiod.3.3 idling time time periods
9、during which a size reductiondevice is freewheeling, that is, not processing refuse.3.4 net processing timethe time during which refuse isprocessed through the size reduction device.3.5 nominal product sizethe screen size corresponding to90 % cumulative passing by weight.3.6 size reduction device or
10、 equipmenta device which sizereduces (Synonyms: shredder, grinder, pulverizer, and mill).3.7 stationary belt methoda method of gross samplecollection in which the conveyor belt is stopped and the sampleof material is removed manually.3.8 time-averaged throughput methodthe methodwhereby the average t
11、hroughput is calculated by dividing thetotal mass size reduced by the net processing time.3.9 test interval a test interval is equal to one-quarter ofthe test period.3.10 test period the test period is two to four continuoush of net-processing time.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The duration of the te
12、st period is established and refuseis prepared for processing.4.2 An energy measuring system is installed.4.3 Solid waste is processed through the size reductionequipment, energy usage and throughput is measured, andsamples for analysis of product particle size distribution arecollected.4.4 Average
13、throughput, power requirements, specific en-ergy, and particle size of the shredded product are calculated.4.5 Two methods (Time-Averaged Throughput Method andDiscrete Throughput Method Section 10) for measuring theperformance of size reduction equipment are described. Theselection of a particular m
14、ethod is governed by the layout of1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on WasteManagement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.06 on Recoveryand Reuse.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2005. Published March 2005. Originallyapproved in 1983. Last previous e
15、dition approved in 1999 as E 959-83(1999).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM Int
16、ernational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.the processing equipment, the location of the size-reductionequipment relative to the other processing equipment, and thepreference of the parties conducting the test.5. Significance and Use5.1 Throughput
17、, power and energy requirements, and prod-uct size are key parameters that describe the operation andperformance of solid waste size-reduction equipment.5.2 This test method can be used to determine if thesize-reduction equipment is operating within specifications andmeeting performance criteria.5.3
18、 Having determined the parameters given in 5.1, theequipment that has been subjected to the test may be comparedto other equipment similarly tested in order to establish relativelevels of performance among equipment.5.4 The basic test period is a continuous two to four hduration. The use of several
19、test periods may be warranted toassess adequately the performance of size reduction equip-ment.6. Apparatus6.1 Hand Broom.6.2 Dust Pan.6.3 Wide-mouthed Shovel.6.4 Clock or Stopwatch, accurate to 0.1 s.6.5 Plastic Bags, large containers, or both.6.6 Push-broom.6.7 Ties and Labels.6.8 Electrical Meter
20、ing System.6.9 Sieving Equipment, manual or mechanical.7. Hazards7.1 The test procedure described in 11.4 requires the re-moval of shredded material from a stopped conveyor belt bytest personnel. Precautions should be taken to ensure that thebelt cannot be started while occupied. These precautionsco
21、nsist of lockout of the electrical power to the conveyor, readyaccess to a safety “stop” cord located on the conveyor, or both.7.2 This test method requires installation of electrical me-tering equipment. Consequently, the precautions described inTest Method E 929 should be observed.7.3 Gross sample
22、s should be collected sufficiently far fromthe size reduction equipment such that test personnel areprotected from potential explosions and flying objects from theequipment.8. Equipment Calibration8.1 All electrical metering equipment used for energy mea-surement shall be calibrated in accordance wi
23、th Test MethodE 929.8.2 All weight-measuring equipment shall be calibratedaccording to the manufacturers instructions.9. Preparation for Test9.1 Refuse Preparation and Establishment of TestIntervalsThe duration of the test period is to be a minimumof 2 h and a maximum of 4 of net-processing time. Du
24、ring thetest period, collect four gross samples of shredded productfrom which subsamples for particle size distribution analysiswill be taken subsequently. The test period is divided into fourequal test intervals (that is, test intervals 1, 2, 3, and 4).Calculate the approximate duration of the test
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