ASTM E959-1983(2010) 1875 Standard Test Method for Characterizing the Performance of Refuse Size-Reduction Equipment《表征废料粉碎设备性能特性的标准试验方法》.pdf
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1、Designation: E959 83 (Reapproved 2010)Standard Test Method forCharacterizing the Performance of Refuse Size-ReductionEquipment1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E959; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision
2、, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers measuring the performance ofsolid waste size reduction equipment.1.2 This test m
3、ethod can be used to measure the flow (thatis, throughput) of solid waste through the size-reductionequipment, energy usage of the size-reduction device, andparticle size of the shredded product.1.3 This test method includes instructions for measuringenergy usage, solid waste throughput, net process
4、ing time, andparticle size distribution.1.4 This test method applies only to size reduction equip-ment that produces a shredded product with a size correspond-ing to 90 % cumulative passing in the range of 0.5 to 15 cm(0.26 in.) on an air-dry weight basis. For material withnominal sizes outside of t
5、his range, the precision and biasstatements for particle size designation (Section 14) may notapply.1.5 This test method can be applied to size reductionequipment located anywhere within a processing line.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement
6、are included in thisstandard.1.6.1 ExceptionThe values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and heal
7、th practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 7 forspecific hazard information.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E828 Test Method for Designating the Size of RDF-3 Fromits Sieve Analysis3E929 Test Method for Measuring Electrical Energy Re-
8、quirements of Processing Equipment3. Terminology Definitions:3.1 characteristic product sizethe screen size correspond-ing to 63.2 % cumulative passing by weight.3.2 discrete throughput methodthe method whereby av-erage throughput is calculated as the average of a number ofdiscrete throughput measur
9、ements conducted during a testperiod.3.3 idling time time periods during which a size reductiondevice is freewheeling, that is, not processing refuse.3.4 net processing timethe time during which refuse isprocessed through the size reduction device.3.5 nominal product sizethe screen size correspondin
10、g to90 % cumulative passing by weight.3.6 size reduction device or equipmenta device which sizereduces (Synonyms: shredder, grinder, pulverizer, and mill).3.7 stationary belt methoda method of gross samplecollection in which the conveyor belt is stopped and the sampleof material is removed manually.
11、3.8 time-averaged throughput methodthe methodwhereby the average throughput is calculated by dividing thetotal mass size reduced by the net processing time.3.9 test interval a test interval is equal to one-quarter ofthe test period.3.10 test period the test period is two to four continuoush of net-p
12、rocessing time.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The duration of the test period is established and refuseis prepared for processing.4.2 An energy measuring system is installed.4.3 Solid waste is processed through the size reductionequipment, energy usage and throughput is measured, andsamples for analys
13、is of product particle size distribution arecollected.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on WasteManagement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.03 on Treatment,Recovery and Reuse.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010. Published January 2011. Originally
14、approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as E959-83 (2005). DOI:10.1520/E0959-83R10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Do
15、cument Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.4 Average throughput, power requirements, specifi
16、c en-ergy, and particle size of the shredded product are calculated.4.5 Two methods (Time-Averaged Throughput Method andDiscrete Throughput Method Section 10) for measuring theperformance of size reduction equipment are described. Theselection of a particular method is governed by the layout ofthe p
17、rocessing equipment, the location of the size-reductionequipment relative to the other processing equipment, and thepreference of the parties conducting the test.5. Significance and Use5.1 Throughput, power and energy requirements, and prod-uct size are key parameters that describe the operation and
18、performance of solid waste size-reduction equipment.5.2 This test method can be used to determine if thesize-reduction equipment is operating within specifications andmeeting performance criteria.5.3 Having determined the parameters given in 5.1, theequipment that has been subjected to the test may
19、be comparedto other equipment similarly tested in order to establish relativelevels of performance among equipment.5.4 The basic test period is a continuous two to four hduration. The use of several test periods may be warranted toassess adequately the performance of size reduction equip-ment.6. App
20、aratus6.1 Hand Broom.6.2 Dust Pan.6.3 Wide-mouthed Shovel.6.4 Clock or Stopwatch, accurate to 0.1 s.6.5 Plastic Bags, large containers, or both.6.6 Push-broom.6.7 Ties and Labels.6.8 Electrical Metering System.6.9 Sieving Equipment, manual or mechanical.7. Hazards7.1 The test procedure described in
21、11.4 requires the re-moval of shredded material from a stopped conveyor belt bytest personnel. Precautions should be taken to ensure that thebelt cannot be started while occupied. These precautionsconsist of lockout of the electrical power to the conveyor, readyaccess to a safety “stop” cord located
22、 on the conveyor, or both.7.2 This test method requires installation of electrical me-tering equipment. Consequently, the precautions described inTest Method E929 should be observed.7.3 Gross samples should be collected sufficiently far fromthe size reduction equipment such that test personnel arepr
23、otected from potential explosions and flying objects from theequipment.8. Equipment Calibration8.1 All electrical metering equipment used for energy mea-surement shall be calibrated in accordance with Test MethodE929.8.2 All weight-measuring equipment shall be calibratedaccording to the manufacturer
24、s instructions.9. Preparation for Test9.1 Refuse Preparation and Establishment of TestIntervalsThe duration of the test period is to be a minimumof 2 h and a maximum of 4 of net-processing time. During thetest period, collect four gross samples of shredded productfrom which subsamples for particle s
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