1、Designation: F 1055 98 (Reapproved 2006)An American National StandardStandard Specification forElectrofusion Type Polyethylene Fittings for OutsideDiameter Controlled Polyethylene Pipe and Tubing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1055; the number immediately following the designa
2、tion indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers electr
3、ofusion polyethylene fit-tings for use with outside diameter-controlled polyethylenepipe, covered by Specifications D 2447, D 2513, D 2737,D 3035, and F 714. Requirements for materials, workmanship,and testing performance are included. Where applicable in thisspecification “pipe” shall mean “pipe” o
4、r “tubing.”1.2 The values stated in inch-pound and centigrade tempera-ture units are to be regarded as standard. The values given inparentheses are for information only.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 9, of this specification: Thisstandard doe
5、s not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standa
6、rds:2D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD 1248 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics ExtrusionMaterials for Wire and CableD 1598 Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic PipeUnder Constant Internal PressureD 1599 Test Method fo
7、r Resistance to Short-Time Hydrau-lic Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and FittingsD 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD 2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-moplastic Pipe and FittingsD 2447 Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe,Schedules 40 and 80
8、, Based on Outside DiameterD 2513 Specification for Thermoplastic Gas Pressure Pipe,Tubing, and FittingsD 2737 Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic TubingD 3035 Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe(DR-PR) Based on Controlled Outside DiameterD 3350 Specification for Polyethylene Pl
9、astics Pipe andFittings MaterialsF 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF 714 Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe(SDR-PR) Based on Outside DiameterF 905 Practice for Qualification of Polyethylene Saddle-Fused Joints3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions are in accordance
10、with Termi-nology F 412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Ter-minology D 1600, unless otherwise specified.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 electrofusiona heat fusion joining process where theheat source is an integral part of the fitting, such that whenelectric curren
11、t is applied, heat is produced that melts and joinsthe plastics.3.2.2 fusion interfacesurface in the heat fusion processwhere the plastic materials of the products being joined bondtogether.3.2.3 fusion zone lengthtotal length of the melted materialin the fitting cross-section under evaluation.4. Ma
12、terials and Manufacture4.1 This specification covers fittings made from polyethyl-ene compounds as defined in Specifications D 1248 or D 3350.4.2 Rework MaterialClean rework polyethylene materialof the same resin, free of any wire or contaminants generatedfrom the fitting manufacturers own productio
13、n, may be usedby the same manufacturer, as long as the fittings producedconform to the requirements of this specification.4.3 Heating MechanismThe heat mechanism shall be ofmaterials not detrimental to the performance of the fitting orthe pipe to which it is intended to be joined.1This specification
14、 is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F-17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.10 on Fittings.Current edition approved March 1, 2006. Published March 2006. Originallyapproved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as F 1055 98e1.2For reference
15、d ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Con
16、shohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5. Performance Requirements5.1 The following requirements are for electrofusion jointsthat have been joined using the manufacturers recommendedjoining procedures. These requirements must be met by eachelectrofusion joint design, on each size and type of pipema
17、terial for which the manufacturer recommends use of hisfitting. Any revisions to the electrofusion joint design orprocessing by the manufacturer after the initial testing requiresretesting to ensure these requirements can still be met. Fittingsintended for use in the distribution of natural gas or l
18、iquidpetroleum gas shall also meet the requirements of SpecificationD 2513.5.1.1 It is not required that each configuration of a fitting betested to meet all of these qualifications (that is, 2 in. mainsaddle joint with multiple outlet configurations offered) as longas the electrofusion joint design
19、 is not altered in the configu-ration differences.NOTE 1It is permissible when accomplishing these tests, to do so onthe highest and lowest dimension ratio of the same pipe material. If inthose tests all performance requirements are met, all dimension ratiosbetween those tested may be considered as
20、having met the requirements.These tests do not have to cover the full range of dimension ratiosavailable, only the dimension ratio range on which the manufacturerrecommends his fitting be used.5.2 Pressure Requirements:5.2.1 Minimum Hydraulic Burst Pressure The minimumhydraulic burst pressure of the
21、 test specimen shall not be lessthan that required to produce 2520 psi (17.4 MPa) fiber stressin the pipe being used in the test when tested in accordancewith 9.1. The test equipment, procedures, and failures defini-tions shall be as specified in Test Method D 1599.5.2.2 Sustained PressureThe fittin
22、g and fused joint shallnot fail when tested in accordance with 9.2.5.3 Tensile Strength Requirements (Coupling Type JointsOnly)The fitting or the pipe to fitting joint made on pipe shallnot fail when tested in accordance with 9.3. Specimens shall besubjected to a tensile stress that causes the pipe
23、to yield to anelongation no less than 25 % or causes the pipe to breakoutside the joint area. Tensile tests must be made on specimensas joined, not on straps cut from the specimen. Yielding mustbe measured only in the pipe, independent of the fitting or joint.5.4 Impact Resistance (Saddle Type Joint
24、s Only)The jointmade on the specimen shall not fail when impacted with a forcesufficient to break the body or other portion of the specimen.Tests of 500 ftlbf or higher impact with no failures noted shallbe considered as a “pass” impact test. The device for testingand the methods shall be as defined
25、 in Practice F 905.5.5 Joint Integrity Tests(Couplings and Saddle TypeJoints)The joint made on the specimen shall meet therequirements in 9.4 and 9.5 of this specification, when tested inaccordance with 9.4.6. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations6.1 Dimension and tolerances of electrofusion
26、fittings mustbe such that heat fusion is possible to outside diameter (OD)controlled PE pipes such as those listed in SpecificationsD 2447, D 2513, D 2737, D 3035, and F 714, such that thejoints will satisfy the performance requirements in Section 5.6.2 Because of the varying designs for electrofusi
27、on fittings,the actual spread of dimensions may be quite different frommanufacturer to manufacturer. A table of dimensions andtolerances encompassing these differences would be meaning-less and without value and, therefore, is omitted from thisspecification.6.3 The manufacturer shall furnish to the
28、user the electricalresistance, critical dimensions, and tolerances of his fittings.This information must include at least the following dimen-sions and tolerances:6.3.1 Coupling inside diameter,6.3.2 Temperature joining limits, and6.3.3 Operating pressure of the fitting.NOTE 2There are other items t
29、hat fall beyond the scope of thisspecification which would be of interest to the user for proper applicationof the fittings and is recommended as additional information to befurnished. A few of these are: (1) maximum pipe out of round allowed atjoint area; (2) minimum/maximum pipe SDR capability of
30、the fitting, and(3) for saddles intended for use on a live main, the maximum allowableline pressure when making the joint.7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance7.1 The manufacture of these fittings shall be in accordancewith good commercial practice so as to produce fittingsmeeting the requirements
31、of this specification.7.2 The fittings shall be homogeneous throughout, exceptwhere a heating coil or electrical connectors are incorporated,and free of cracks, holes, foreign inclusions, or injuriousdefects such as gouges, dents, cuts, etc. The fittings shall be asuniform as commercially practicabl
32、e in opacity, density, andother physical properties.Any heating coils, connecting cables,connectors, and related electrical power source shall be de-signed to prevent electrical shock to the user.8. Specimen Preparation8.1 Conditioning:8.1.1 Unless otherwise specified, condition the specimens(pipe a
33、nd fittings) prior to joining at the minimum pipetemperature allowable for fusion as recommended by themanufacturer, for not less than 16 h and make the fusion jointat that temperature for those tests where conditioning isrequired.8.1.2 Unless otherwise specified, condition the specimens(pipe and fi
34、ttings) prior to joining at the maximum pipetemperature allowable for fusion as recommended by themanufacturer, for not less than 16 h and make the fusion jointat that temperature for those tests where conditioning isrequired.8.2 Test ConditionsConduct the tests at the StandardLaboratory Temperature
35、 of 23 6 2C (73.4 6 3.6F) unlessotherwise specified.8.3 Preparation of Specimens for Testing:8.3.1 Prepare test specimens so that the minimum length ofunreinforced pipe on one side of any fitting is equal to threetimes the diameter of the pipe, but in no case less than 12 in.(304 mm). It is permissi
36、ble to test multiple fittings togetherprovided they are separated by a minimum distance equal tothree times the diameter of the pipe, but in no case less than 12in. (304 mm).F 1055 98 (2006)28.3.2 Fuse all fitting outlets with the appropriate size pipe inaccordance with the manufacturers recommended
37、 procedures.8.3.3 All saddle fusion joint specimens conditioned as in8.1.2 and destined for quick burst testing as in 9.1 andsustained pressure testing as in 9.2, are to be joined with thepipe at no less than maximum allowable operating pressure ofthe pipe system or fitting, whichever is lowest, whe
38、n beingprepared for those tests. The pipe should be left under pressurefor a time period not less than recommended by the manufac-turer for cooling in the field prior to disturbing the joint. Saddlejoint specimens destined for mechanical/destructive type testssuch as impact as in 5.4 or crush tests
39、as in 9.4, or specimensconditioned for cold temperature joining as in 8.1.1, may bemade on unpressured pipe specimens.9. Test Methods9.1 Minimum Hydraulic Burst Pressure Test:9.1.1 Select four fittings at random and prepare specimensin accordance with Section 8. From the four specimens,condition two
40、 specimens each in accordance with 8.1.1 and8.1.2.9.1.2 Test the specimens in accordance with Test MethodD 1599.9.1.3 Failure of the fitting or joint shall constitute specimenfailure.9.1.4 Failure of any one of the four specimens shall consti-tute failure of the test. Failure of one of the four spec
41、imenstested is cause for retest of four additional specimens, joined atthe failed specimens joining temperature. Failure of any ofthese four additional specimens constitutes a failure of the test.9.2 Sustained Pressure Test:9.2.1 Select four fittings at random and prepare specimensin accordance with
42、 Section 8 of this specification. From thefour specimens, condition two specimens each in accordancewith 8.1.1 and 8.1.2.9.2.2 Test the specimens in accordance with Test MethodD 1598. All tests shall be conducted at 80 6 2C. Theassemblies are to be subjected to pipe fiber stresses of 580 psi(4.0 mPa
43、) for 1000 h or 670 psi (4.6 mPa) for 170 h. Jointspecimens shall not fail within these time periods. Any failureswithin these time periods must be of the pipe, independent ofthe fitting or joint and must be of a“ brittle” type pipe failure,not “ductile.” If ductile pipe failures occur, reduce the p
44、ressureof the test and repeat until 170- or 1000-h results or pipe brittlefailures are achieved.9.2.3 Failure of the fitting or joint shall constitute specimenfailure.9.2.4 Failure of any one of the four specimens shall consti-tute failure of the test. Failure of one of the four specimenstested is c
45、ause for retest of four additional specimens, joined atthe failed-specimens-joining temperature. Failure of any ofthese four additional specimens constitutes a failure of the test.9.3 Tensile Strength Test:9.3.1 Select four fittings at random and prepare specimensin accordance with Section 8 with th
46、e exception that it ispermissible, on pipe sizes above 4 in. (102 mm) IPS, if limitsof tensile machine will not allow 25 % elongation with pipespecimens of three-pipe diameters, to test with free pipelengths of 20 in. (304-mm) minimum. From the four speci-mens, condition two specimens each in accord
47、ance with 8.1.1and 8.1.2.9.3.2 Test the specimens using the apparatus of Test MethodD 638. Test at a pull rate of 0.20 in. (5.0 mm) per min, 625 %.9.3.3 Failure of the fitting or joint as defined in 5.3, shallconstitute specimen failure.9.3.4 Failure of any one of the four specimens shall consti-tut
48、e failure of the test. Failure of one of the four specimenstested is cause for retest of four additional specimens, joined atthe failed specimens joining temperature. Failure of any ofthese four additional specimens constitutes a failure of the test.9.4 Joint Integrity TestsIllustrations of joint cr
49、ush tests forsocket type joints and saddles are offered in 9.4.1 and 9.4.2 astest methods that are useful as an evaluation of bondingstrength between the pipe and fitting. Alternately, the fusionevaluation test (FET) offered in 9.4.3 and 9.4.4 may be used inlieu of the crush test. Similar test evaluations as specified in thecontract or purchase order and as agreed upon by the purchaserand manufacturer are of equal value in performing suchevaluations and may be substituted with such agreement.9.4.1 Joint Crush Test:9.4.1.1 Select four fittings at random and prep
