1、Designation: F1159 14F1159 15Standard Practice forDesign of Amusement Rides and Devices that are Outsidethe Purview of Other F24 Design Standards1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1159; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in
2、the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice establishes information and procedures for the design and manufacture
3、of patron directed amusement rides ordevices (for example, go karts, bumper cars, bumper boats), artificial climbing walls, dry slides, coin operated rides, andamusement rides and devices that involve the purposeful immersion of the patrons body partially or totally in the water andinvolve more than
4、 incidental patron contact (for example, pools, water slides, lazy rivers, interactive aquatic play devices), andair-supported structures.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to
5、 establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F1193 Practice for Quality, Manufacture, and Construction of Amusement Rides and DevicesF2291 Practice for Design of Amusement Rides and
6、 DevicesF2374 Practice for Design, Manufacture, Operation, and Maintenance of Inflatable Amusement Devices2.2 Federal Documents:Document:3Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare Pediatric Growth Development Chart, 1983OSHA 29 CFR Fall Protection Systems Criteria and Practices Part 1926.502 (d)USDAAg
7、ricultural Handbook 72, Rev. 0The Wood Handbook, by the U.S. Dept. of Agricultural Forest Products Laboratory2.3 Society of Automotive Engineers Standards:4SAE J 833 Recommended Practice for USA Human Physical DimensionsSAE Hydraulic Fluid StandardsSAEJ-10 Pneumatic Storage TanksSAE Pneumatic Tubing
8、 Standards2.4 American Society of Mechanical Engineers Documents:5ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1ASME Welding Standards2.5 American Institute of Steel Construction Document:6AISC Manual on Steel Construction2.6 American Welding Society Standard:7ANSI/AWS D1.1 Structura
9、l Welding Code2.7 National Fire Protection Association Standard:8National Electrical Code2.8 ANSI Standard:9ANSI (NFPA/JIC) T2.24.11991 Hydraulic Fluid Power Systems Standard for Stationary Industrial Machinery,91 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F24 on Amusement Rides and D
10、evices and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F24.24 on Designand Manufacture.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014Jan. 15, 2015. Published November 2014February 2015. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 20112014as F1159 11.F1159 14. DOI: 10.1520/F1159-14.10.1520
11、/F1159-15.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S.
12、Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurat
13、ely, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
14、13. Significance and Use3.1 This practice provides designers and manufacturers of patron directed designers/engineers of amusement rides or devices(for example, go karts, bumper cars, bumper boats), artificial climbing walls, dry slides, coin operated rides, water amusement ridesor devices (involve
15、the purposeful immersion of the patrons body partially or totally in the water and involve more than incidentalpatron contact (for example, pools, water slides, lazy rivers, interactive aquatic play devices), and air-supported structures anddevices not addressed in the other ASTM Committee F24 stand
16、ards with design references and criteria to use in designing andmanufacturing of patron directed amusement rides or devices, artificial climging walls, dry slides, coin operated rides, purposefulimmersion water amusement rides or devices, and air-supported structures.design development.4. General De
17、sign Requirements4.1 Design and CalculationsBasic documentation and engineering analysis shall be in accordance with Practice F2291.4.2 Drawings and RecordsRecords shall be kept in accordance with Practice F2291.4.3 TestingDocument and record the testing performance of amusement rides and devices in
18、 accordance with the tests givenin Practice F1193.DESIGN PROCEDURES5. Designing in Accordance with Passenger Weights5.1 The weight assigned to an adult passenger, for design purposes, shall be 170 lb (77 kg) or 12 lb/in. (5.4 kg/25.4 mm) ofhip width at the seat, whichever is greater. Reference SAE J
19、 833 on USA Human Physical Dimensions, using the “medium man”for passenger weight.5.2 The weight assigned to a 12-year-old child passenger, for design purposes, shall be 90 lb (41 kg) or 9 lb/in. (4.1 kg/25.4mm) of hip width at the seat, whichever is greater. Reference U.S. Department of Health, Edu
20、cation, and Welfare Pediatric GrowthDevelopment Chart 1983.5. Passenger Carrying Devices5.1 Design of SeatsDesign passenger seating to provide adequate support padding and containment for the passengers bodyduring operation, and to be consistent with the design intent of the ride.5.2 Methods of Rest
21、raintWhere appropriate, base the passenger restraint on the design intent of the ride or device withconsideration given, but not limited to, the height, speed, and forces on passengers.5.3 Passenger ClearanceDesign clearance to minimize the opportunity for contact between a contained passenger and a
22、nyobject where said contact is likely to cause injury during operation of a ride or device.6. Amusement Ride and Device Structures Fastening, Mechanical Systems and Components, Fall Protection, AdhesiveBonding, and Coatings6.1 Metal StructuresWhere applicable, design metal structures Structures shal
23、l be designed in accordance with theAISCprovisions Manual of SteelPractice F2291Construction, as applicable.Section 8.7.1.1 Allowable loads or stresses as indicated in the AISC Manual of Steel Construction shall be reduced as deemed adequateby the manufacturer/designer, to allow for special combinat
24、ions of conditions which may include, but are not limited to, stressconcentrations, shock, dynamics, load cycles, degree of risk, and environment.7.2 Timber StructuresDesign timber structures in accordance with USDAAgricultural Handbook 72, Revision 0, The WoodHandbook.7.2.1 Allowable loads or stres
25、ses as indicated by the above data shall be reduced as deemed adequate by the manufacturer/designer to allow for special combinations of conditions that may include, but are not limited to, stress concentrations, shock,dynamics, load cycles, degree of risk, and environment.6.2 WeldingWelding and wel
26、ding procedures shall be in accordance with American Welding Society (ANSI/AWS D1.1) orAmerican Society of Mechanicalthe provisions of Practice F2291Engineers, or other equivalent standards, and be performed byappropriately certified or qualified welders as required by the standard., Section 15.6.3
27、Bolting SpecificationsFastenersAll threaded fasteners used on an amusement ride or device in connecting componentsshall meet accepted engineering standards for each application in the system, and gradeFasteners shall de designed in accordancewith the provisions of Practice F2291shall be identified w
28、here appropriate., Section 16.6.4 Chain and Wire RopeMechanical Systems and ComponentsChain and wire rope used in ride systems shall meet existingindustrial ratings considering the loads, conditions, dynamics,Mechanical systems and components shall be designed in accordancewith the provisions of Pra
29、ctice F2291and potential fatigue involved., Section 13.F1159 1526.5 Fixed Air-Supported StructuresWhere applicable, fixed air-supported structures shall be designed and manufactured withflame-resistant materials that meet or exceed a 2-s flame-out standard.6.5.1 Hold-down provisionsFixed air-support
30、ed structures shall be designed for the structure to allow operation of theandoperated in accordance with the provisions of Practice F2374device within the wind conditions specified by the manufacturer.,subsections 5.4.1, 5.4.2, 6.1.11, 6.1.11.1, and 6.5.6.7.6.2 Provision shall be made to ensure tha
31、t patrons cannot conceal themselves from the operators view.6.5.2 Enclosed structures shall have within 100 ft of the normal point of egress adequately lighted emergency exits.6.5.3 Power failure, failure or failure of an inflation means, shall not means shall be detected and result in an alarm, sha
32、ll notresult in loss of structural integrity of the inflatable device, and shall not substantially increase the risk of injury to anyone on orin the device.6.6 Fall ProtectionThe manufacturer of an amusement ride or device shall provide appropriate anchorage points forattachment of personal fall arr
33、est systems that may be used during routine assembly, disassembly, maintenance, and inspection.Personal fall arrest systems shall meet the minimum design requirements specified in OSHA 29 CFR PART 1926.502 (d).6.7 Adhesive BondingWhen adhesive/chemical bonding is used, designer/engineer shall only u
34、se in accordance with themanufacturers instructions and Material Data Safety Sheet.6.8 CoatingsWhen material coatings are used, designer/engineer shall design for any degradation that may occur due to theenvironmental conditions.6.8.1 Designer/engineer shall use material coatings in accordance with
35、the manufacturers instructions and Material Data SafetySheet.7. Electrical Components7.1 Design, manufacture, and install electrical components Electrical components shall be designed in accordance with theNational Electric Codeprovisions of Practice F2291or the equivalent. , Section 12.8.2 Emergenc
36、y stop circuits shall be energized systems which are fail-safe in case of power failure.8.3 The emergency stop switches shall be manually reset. The resetting of the stop switch shall not start the ride.8. Hydraulic Components9.1 The applicable provisions of ANSI (NFPA/JIC) T2.24.11991 or the equiva
37、lent shall be used as the standard for the designand manufacture of fixed and portable Amusement Rides and Devices except as expanded or modified in the following sectionsor subsections. This section shall apply to all Amusement Rides and Devices manufactured after January 1, 1999.9.2 Deviation from
38、ANSI T2-24-1, section 6.7.1, shall be permitted only when components are designed for higher temperatureoperation and adequate shielding is provided to prevent hot fluid from reaching any passenger or observer on or near the Ride orDevice.8.1 Changes or additions, or both, to ANSI T2.24.1 shall be i
39、ncorporated for use in the design and manufacture ofAmusementHydraulic components and systems shall be designed in accordance with the provisions of Practice F2291Rides andDevices as defined by subsections herein., Section 9.9.3.1 The following changes (bold) to ANSI T2.24.1, Section 7.2.3.1 are inc
40、orporated as follows:7.2.3.1 Adjustments of control should not require access between, over or in close proximity to moving equipment or parts.9.3.2 The following deletion (bold ) to ANSI T2.24.1, Section 7.4.1 is incorporated as follows:7.4.1 Emergency stop and/or return controlsDelete in its entir
41、ety, item e: e) Shall provide a blocking device in servovalve(s) supply line(s).9.3.3 The following changes (bold) to ANSI T2.24.1, Section 7.7.1 are incorporated as follows:7.7.1 Emergency safety device or meansWhen the possibility exists that undesirable motion will result due to an emergency or u
42、ncontrolled stop condition, a device ormeans shall be provided in the proportional or servo control circuit to prevent such motion.9.3.4 The following changes (bold) to ANSI T2.24.1, Section 12.2.4 are incorporated as follows:12.2.4 Filters should be sized to provide a minimum of 800 hours of operat
43、ion under normal system conditions.9.3.5 The following changes (bold) or deletions (bold) to ANSI T2.24.1, Section 18.3.4 are incorporated as follows:18.3.4 Diagnostic pressure test points, when used, should be, accessibly installed in hydraulic circuits to verify system pressure,and also where pres
44、sure can be adjusted from the main system pressure.9.3.6 The following deletions (bold ) to ANSI T2.24.1, Section 18.5 are incorporated as follows:18.5 Oil samplingSample test points shall be made available close to hydraulic pumps and at other key locations for the purpose of checking fluidfor cont
45、amination. Sample test points must provide safe, reliable access to fluid while under full system pressure.9.4 Position LimitsEffective means are provided to prevent a linear actuator, where piston and rod are the same diameter, fromtraveling beyond to physical limits of the actuator.F1159 1539.5 Sy
46、stem FailuresIn the event of a system failure or malfunction of the hydraulic system, the velocity or acceleration, orboth, shall be controlled with respect to forces acting on the passengers.9. Pneumatics9.1 Maximum pressure shall not exceed the component rating.Pneumatics shall be designed in acco
47、rdance with the provisionsof Practice F2291, Section 10.10.2 Pneumatic storage tanks shall conform to ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1 or SAE J-10.10.3 Pneumatic accumulators shall conform to ASME pressure vessel standards.10.4 Pneumatic tubing hose and fittings shall c
48、onform to SAE standards or the equivalent.10.5 Loss of air pressure below design minimums in critical applications shall cause the system to revert to the appropriateemergency mode.10.6 The pneumatic system shall include components to provide lubrication and moisture extraction where deemed appropri
49、ateby the designer.10.7 Where deemed appropriate by the designer, provisions shall be made for dumping accumulator tanks when systems areshut down.10. Operator Controls11.1 Design operator controls to be located within easy reach of the operator when the operator is in a position to observe theride while the ride is in operation.11.2 Operator control systems shall be designed to avoid unintentional activation.10.1 Operator controls shall be identifieddesigned in the English language asaccordance with the provisions of Practice F2291totheir functio
