1、Designation: F1163 04a (Reapproved 2011)F1163 13 An American National StandardStandard Specification forProtective Headgear Used in Horse Sports and HorsebackRiding1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1163; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforigin
2、al adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONHorse sports and horseback riding are sports with intrinsic hazar
3、ds. It is recognized that it is notpossible to write a protective headgear performance standard that will result in headgear that canprotect against injury or death in all accidents. It is also recognized that serious injury or death canresult from both low-energy and high-energy impacts, even when
4、protective headgear is worn. It isfurther recognized that protective headgear must be acceptable to the user and to the regulatingassociations or agencies requiring its use. Acknowledging these limitations, this specification wasdeveloped using resources in medical, scientific, mechanical engineerin
5、g, human factors, andbiomechanical fields.This specification incorporates many aspects of other recognized headgear performance standards.This specification draws from work done by others where appropriate for this specification. Thesestandards may be referenced. It should be noted that this specifi
6、cation specifies a laboratory test ofcompleted headgear to measure its ability to reduce head acceleration when impacting various shapedobjects. It is known that headgear that performs well under this specification will mitigate head injuryin actual use within its design limits.1. Scope1.1 This spec
7、ification covers minimum performance criteria and describes test methods for protective headgear for use in horsesports and horseback riding.1.2 It is not the intention of this specification to bar from consideration materials of improved quality or performance not knownat the time of development of
8、 this specification.1.3 All testing and requirements of this specification shall be in accordance with Test Methods F1446, except where notedherein.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of
9、 measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulator
10、ylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Document2.1 ASTM Standards:2F1446 Test Methods for Equipment and Procedures Used in Evaluating the Performance Characteristics of Protective Headgear1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on Sports Equipment Equipment, Playing Sur
11、faces, and Facilitiesand is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F08.53 on Headgear and Helmets.Current edition approved March 1, 2011March 1, 2013. Published June 2011March 2013. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 20042011 asF1163 04a.F1163 04a (2011). DOI: 10.1520/F
12、1163-04AR11.10.1520/F1163-13.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM sta
13、ndard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cas
14、es only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe terms used in this specification are defined in
15、 accordance with Test Methods F1446.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 cradle, nheadband or other head-fitting device and those internal parts of the headgear in contact with the head.3.2.2 drawlace, nlace used for making adjustments to the fit of the cradle on the wearers head
16、.4. Headforms4.1 Headforms to be used in this specification are in accordance with the section on Apparatus of Test Methods F1446. Theappropriate size headform shall be selected (see definition of headform size selection in the Terminology section of Test MethodsF1446) for the helmet to be tested.4.
17、2 Test headforms used in this specification shall use the variable mass drop assembly configuration for impact testing asspecified in the definition of test headforms in the terminology section and in Table 2 of Test Methods F1446.5. Anvils and Impact Velocities5.1 Anvils to be used for impact tests
18、 in this specification are the flat anvil described in the section and figure on Flat Anvil ofTest Methods F1446, and the equestrian hazard anvil described in Fig. 1 of this specification. The circular portion of the equestrianhazard anvil shall have a radius of 66.7 6 0.5 mm, with facial surfaces i
19、nclined at an angle of 45 6 2. The edge rail at theintersection of the facial surfaces shall have a radius of 0.4 mm maximum.5.2 The helmet shall be dropped onto the flat anvil from a theoretical drop height of 1.8 m to achieve an impact velocity of 6.0m/s 6 3 %.5.3 The helmet shall be dropped onto
20、the equestrian hazard anvil from a theoretical drop height of 1.3 m to achieve an impactvelocity of 5.0 m/s 6 3 %.FIG. 1 Equestrian Hazard Anvil (“V” Anvil)F1163 1325.4 The impact velocity shall be measured during the last 40 mm of free-fall for each test and shall be within 63 % of thevelocities sp
21、ecified in 5.2 and 5.3.6. General Requirements and Marking6.1 Select the appropriate reference headform in accordance with the definition of headform size selection in the Terminologysection of Test Methods F1446.6.2 Position the helmet in accordance with the section on Test Procedures of Test Metho
22、ds F1446.6.3 All helmets shall meet the requirements of the sections on Configuration, Materials, and Internal Projection of Test MethodsF1446.6.3.1 All reporting shall be described in the section on Reporting of Test Methods F1446.6.3.2 Use the method described in the section on Reference Marking o
23、f Test Methods F1446.6.4 Maintaining the force and position described in this section, draw the test line on the outer surface of the helmet as shownin Fig. 2. Helmet impacts shall be made with the flat anvil centered on or above the test line described in Fig. 2, and with no partof the top ridge of
24、 the equestrian hazard anvil extending below the test line described in Fig. 26.5 Measure peripheral vision in accordance with the section on Peripheral Vision and figure on Field of Vision of Test MethodsF1446.7. Conditioning and Number of Samples7.1 Select samples as described in the section on Sa
25、mples for Testing of Test Methods F1446. The test normally requires fivesamples of each shell/liner combination.7.2 Condition the samples in accordance with the section on Conditioning Environments of Test Methods F1446. Theenvironments to be used are: ambient, low temperature, high temperature, and
26、 water immersion.8. Impact Sites8.1 Each helmet shall be impacted at each of four sites; two sites upon the flat anvil and two sites upon the equestrian hazardanvil. The impact sites shall be centered on or anywhere above the center of impact line defined in Section 6. Impact centers shallbe separat
27、ed by a distance not less than one fifth of the circumference of the helmet. If there are any projections in the test area,at least one projection of each type shall be impacted. At least one impact shall be at the center of impact line at the front, rear,or side of the helmet.9. Testing Schedule9.1
28、 Use the testing schedule in accordance with the section on Test Schedule of Test Methods F1446.10. Peak Acceleration and Time Duration Requirements10.1 The peak acceleration (g-max) of the impulse during the impact shall be measured with equipment described in accordancewith the section on Impact A
29、ttenuation of Test Methods F1446.10.2 The peak acceleration from any impact shall not exceed 300 g.11. Retention System Testing11.1 Dynamic Loading TestAll the conditioned test samples shall be subjected to the Dynamic Retention Test in accordancewith Test Methods F1446, using a 4 kg drop mass from
30、a height of 0.6 m. The retention system shall remain intact, and elongationshall not exceed 30 mm.11.2 Helmet Stability TestThe roll-off test described in the section on Test Procedures of Test Methods F1446 shall beconducted on one ambient sample that has not been previously tested. The test shall
31、be conducted using a 4-kg drop mass froma height of 0.6 m.12. Labels and Warnings12.1 In addition to the labeling requirements outlined in the section on Labeling of Test Methods F1446, the helmet shall havethe following additional information:12.1.1 This helmet designed only for equestrian use.12.1
32、.2 Uncoded month and year of manufacture.12.1.3 Size or size range of the helmet.12.1.4 The number designation of this specification.12.1.5 Warning that the helmet should not be worn before carefully reading the attached fitting and care instructions.12.1.6 Any other warnings, cautions, or instructi
33、ons desired by the manufacturer.F1163 133Headform Code Letter Dimension X, mm Dimension Y, mmA 114 90.0E 122 96.0J 130 102.5M 136 107.0O 140 110.0Headform Code Letter Dimension X, mm Dimension Y, mmA 114 90.0E 122 96.0J 130 102.5M 136 107.0O 140 110.0FIG. 2 Headform Basic DataF1163 13413. Keywords13
34、.1 equestrian; horseback riding; horse driving; protective headgearF1163 135ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validit
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38、s) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).F1163 136
