1、Designation: F 1281 07An American National StandardStandard Specification forCrosslinked Polyethylene/Aluminum/CrosslinkedPolyethylene (PEX-AL-PEX) Pressure Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1281; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal
2、 adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers a coextruded crosslinked poly-ethylene c
3、omposite pressure pipe with a welded aluminum tubereinforcement between the inner and outer layers. The innerand outer crosslinked polyethylene layers are bonded to thealuminum tube by a melt adhesive. Included is a system ofnomenclature for the crosslinked polyethylene-aluminum-crosslinked polyethy
4、lene (PEX-AL-PEX) pipes, the require-ments and test methods for materials, the dimensions of thecomponent layers and finished pipe, adhesion tests, and theburst and sustained pressure performance. Also given are therequirements and methods of marking. The pipe covered bythis specification is intende
5、d for use in potable water distribu-tion systems for residential and commercial applications, waterservice, underground irrigation systems, and radient panelheating systems, baseboard, snow- and ice-melt systems, andgases that are compatible with the composite pipe and fittings.1.2 This specificatio
6、n covers only composite pipes incorpo-rating a welded aluminum tube. Pipes consisting of metalliclayers not welded together are outside the scope of thisspecification.1.3 Specifications for connectors for use with pipe meetingthe requirements of this specification are given in Annex A1.1.4 This spec
7、ification excludes polyethylene-aluminum-polyethylene pipes (see Specification F 1282).1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section
8、 9, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to
9、 use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD 883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 1598 Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic PipeUnder Constant Internal PressureD 1599 Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time Hydrau-lic Pressure of Plast
10、ic Pipe, Tubing, and FittingsD 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD 1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics3D 2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-moplastic Pipe and FittingsD 2765 Test Methods for Determination of Gel Content andSwell Ratio of Crosslinked Ethyle
11、ne PlasticsD 3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe andFittings MaterialsE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsF 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF 1282 Specification for Polyethylene/Aluminum/Polyethylene (PE-AL-PE) Composite Pressure PipeF 1974 Specif
12、ication for Metal Insert Fittings forPolyethylene/Aluminum/Polyethylene and CrosslinkedPolyethylene/Aluminum/Crosslinked Polyethylene Com-posite Pressure Pipe2.2 National Sanitation Foundation Standard:Standard No. 61 Drinking Water System ComponentsHealth Effects4Standard No. 14 Plastics Piping Sys
13、tem Components andRelated Materials42.3 Federal Standard:Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipments (Civil Agencies)51This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.11 onComposite.Current edition approved
14、May 1, 2007. Published May 2007. Originallyapproved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as F 1281 05.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the
15、 standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.4Available from the NSF International, 789 N. Dixboro Rd., Ann Arbor, MI48113-0140.5Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, Attn: NPODS.1Copyright ASTM Interna
16、tional, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.2.4 Military Standard:MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage52.5 Uniform Classification Committee Standard:Uniform Freight Classification62.6 National Motor Freight Traffc Association Standard:National
17、Motor Freight Classification73. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions are in accordance with Termi-nology F 412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Ter-minology D 1600, unless otherwise specified.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 assemblythe joint between a fitting and a
18、 length ofpipe.3.2.2 PEX-AL-PEX pipecomposite pipe produced by co-extrusion or extrusion of layers of polyethylene/aluminum/polyethylene bonded together with a melt adhesive andcrosslinked by irradiation or chemical means in combinationheat and moisture.3.2.3 pipe hoop stressfor simplicity the value
19、 of the hoopstress quoted assumes a homogeneous wall. Local values ofstress will vary with the different layers (see 3.2.3.1).3.2.3.1 DiscussionThick walled plastic pipes producedfrom one material have hoop stresses that vary through thewall, and are usually described by the Lame Theory. Thecomposit
20、e nature of the PEX-AL-PEX pipe, composed ofmaterials with very different Youngs Modulus values, will, onpressurization, not have a uniform stress distribution throughthe thickness of the wall of the pipe. The PEX-AL-PEX pipeshave a hoop stress distribution that differs substantially fromboth the th
21、ick and thin walled pipe cases.4. Pipe Classification4.1 Pipe DiameterThe PEX-AL-PEX pipes are classifiedby the outside diameter.4.2 Pipe Dimension RatioThe concept of dimension ratiois not relevant to PEX-AL-PEX composite pipes, and cannotbe used to relate pressure rating with total wall thickness.
22、5. Materials5.1 GeneralThe PEX-AL-PEX pipe is composed of onemetallic layer, two layers of polymeric adhesive, and twolayers of crosslinked polyethylene. For pipe made to thisspecification the constituent materials must meet the followingrequirements:5.2 AluminumThe aluminum shall have a thickness a
23、sspecified in Table 1. The material shall have minimum elon-gations and ultimate tensile strengths of 20 % and 100 MPa(14 600 psi), respectively. The tests shall be conducted accord-ing to Test Methods E8.5.3 Crosslinked Polyethylene:5.3.1 The polyethylene shall be, in the final finished state inthe
24、 pipe, crosslinked as defined in Terminology D 883.5.3.2 Polyethylene plastics used to make pipe meeting therequirements of this specification shall be virgin resin meetingthe requirements of either Grade PE20A, B, or C; GradePE23A, B, or C; Grade PE30A, B, or C; or Grade PE33A, B,or C in accordance
25、 with Specification D 3350.5.3.3 Class B compounds shall have sufficient ultraviolet(UV) stabilizers to protect the pipe from deleterious effects dueto continuous outdoor exposure during storage and shipping.Pipe produced from Class B compounds are not suitable forexposed outdoor application. Class
26、A, B, and C compoundsshall have sufficient antioxidants to meet the requirements inSpecification D 3350.5.4 Melt AdhesiveThe material shall have a density cell of1, 2, or 3; a melt index cell of 1, 2, or 3; and a color code ofA or B, in accordance with Specification D 3350.5.5 Rework MaterialThe use
27、 of reclaimed, recycled, orrework plastics is not permitted.6. Requirements Requirements6.1 GeneralThe requirements and test methods in thisspecification cover PEX-AL-PEX pipes. Tests on the indi-vidual layers that comprise this composite pipe are outside thescope of this specification. The raw mate
28、rials used, however,must conform to the requirements as set out in Section 5.6.2 Dimensions and Tolerances of Pipe:6.2.1 Pipe DiameterThe minimum outside diameter andtolerances of the pipe shall meet the requirements given inTable 1, when measured in accordance with 9.1 and 9.1.2.Maximum and minimum
29、 (out-of-roundness) tolerances applyonly to measurements made on pipe prior to coiling.6.2.2 Pipe Wall ThicknessThe total pipe wall thicknessshall meet the requirements given in Table 2, when measuredin accordance with 9.1 and 9.1.3. The minimum wall thicknessat any point of measurement of the pipe
30、shall not be less thanthe value specified in Table 2.6Available from the Uniform Classification Committee, Suite 1106, 222 SouthRiverside Plaza, Chicago, IL 60606.7Available from the National Motor Freight Traffic Association, Inc., NationalMotor Freight Classification, American Tracking Association
31、s, Inc., Traffic Dept.,1616 P St., NW, Washington, DC 20036.TABLE 1 Outside Diameters, Aluminum Thickness, and Tolerances for PEX-AL-PEXNominal Pipe Size,mm (in.)Minimum OutsideDiameter, mm (in.)Tolerance on Minimum,mm (in.)Maximum Out-of-Roundness,Amm (in.)Minimum AluminumThickness, mm (in.)Toleran
32、ce on Thickness,mm (in.)0912 (38) 12.00 (0.472) +0.30 (0.012) 0.3 (0.012) 0.18 (0.007) +0.09 (+0.0035)1216 (12) 16.00 (0.630) +0.30 (0.012) 0.4 (0.016) 0.18 (0.007) +0.09 (+0.0035)1620 (58) 20.00 (0.787) +0.30 (0.012) 0.5 (0.020) 0.23 (0.009) +0.09 (+0.0035)2025 (34) 25.00 (0.984) +0.30 (0.012) 0.5
33、(0.020) 0.23 (0.009) +0.09 (+0.0035)2532 (1) 32.00 (1.260) +0.30 (0.012) 0.5 (0.020) 0.28 (0.011) +0.09 (+0.0035)3240 (114) 40.10 (1.579) +0.30 (0.012) 0.5 (0.020) 0.33 (0.013)4150 (112) 50.10 (1.972) +0.30 (0.012) 0.5 (0.020) 0.47 (0.018)5163 (2) 63.10 (2.484) +0.40 (0.016) 0.5 (0.020) 0.57 (0.022)
34、6075 (212) 75.10 (2.957) +0.60 (0.024) 1.0 (0.039) 0.67 (0.026)AThe out-of-roundness specification applies only to tubing prior to coiling.F12810726.2.3 Outer Crosslinked Polyethylene Layer ThicknessThe thickness of the outer layer of crosslinked polyethylene inthe PEX-AL-PEX pipe shall have a minim
35、um value andtolerance as specified in Table 2, except for the polyethylenematerial overlaying the weld, which shall have a minimumthickness of half that specified in Table 2. The polyethylenethickness shall be measured in accordance with 9.2.6.2.4 Pipe LengthThe pipe shall be supplied coiled or inst
36、raight lengths as agreed upon with the purchaser and with anallowable tolerance of 0 mm (0 in.).6.3 Adhesion Test:6.3.1 For Sizes 0912 (38) to 2532 (1) there shall be nodelamination of the PEX andAL, either on the bore side or theoutside (see Fig. 1). The test shall be conducted in accordancewith 9.
37、3.1.6.3.2 The adhesion test of the PEX-layer to the aluminumfor Sizes 3240 (114) to 6075 (212) is carried out by a separationtest. The minimum adhesive force is specified in Table 3. Theadhesive force shall not fall below these levels. The test shallbe conducted in accordance with 9.3.2.6.4 Apparent
38、 Tensile Strength of Pipe The pipe rings,when tested in accordance with 9.4, shall meet the minimumstrength specifications defined in Table 4.6.5 Burst PressureThe minimum burst pressure for PEX-AL-PEX pipe shall be as given in Table 4, when determined inaccordance with 9.5.6.6 Sustained PressureThe
39、 PEX-AL-PEX pipe shall notfail, balloon, burst, or weep, as defined in Test Method D 1598,TABLE 2 Wall Thickness for PEX-AL-PEX Composite PipeNominal Pipe Size,mm (in.)Total WallThickness, min,mm (in.)WallTolerance(+) mmOuter PELayer Thickness,min, mm (in.)Inner PELayer Thickness,min, mm (in.)0912 (
40、38) 1.60 (0.063) 0.40 (0.016) 0.40 (0.016) 0.70 (0.028)1216 (12) 1.65 (0.065) 0.40 (0.016) 0.40 (0.016) 0.90 (0.035)1620 (58) 1.90 (0.075) 0.40 (0.016) 0.40 (0.016) 1.00 (0.039)2025 (34) 2.25 (0.089) 0.50 (0.020) 0.40 (0.016) 1.10 (0.043)2532 (1) 2.90 (0.114) 0.60 (0.024) 0.40 (0.016) 1.20 (0.047)32
41、40 (114) 3.85 (0.152) 0.60 (0.024) 0.40 (0.016) 1.70 (0.067)4150 (112) 4.35 (0.171) 0.60 (0.024) 0.40 (0.016) 1.70 (0.067)5163 (2) 5.80 (0.228) 0.60 (0.024) 0.40 (0.016) 2.05 (0.081)6075 (212) 7.25 (0.285) 0.60 (0.024) 0.40 (0.016) 2.80 (0.110)NOTE 1(a) Good pipe showing no delamination, (b) Delamin
42、ation between the inner layer and the aluminum, and (c) Delamination between the outerlayer and the aluminum.FIG. 1 Detection of DelaminationF1281073when tested for 10 h at the test at the test pressure given inTable 5 at a temperature of 82C (180F) in accordance with9.6.6.7 Gel ContentWhen tested i
43、n accordance with 9.7, thegel content of the inner and outer tubes of crosslinkedpolyethylene shall have minimum values of either 65 % for thefully crosslinked silane material or 60 % for radiationcrosslinked polyethylene. Test Methods D 2765 defines gelcontent (see Note 2).NOTE 1The gel test is one
44、 of several methods capable of indicatingthe degree of crosslinking. The different methods for assessing degree ofcrosslinking do not necessarily agree, so conformity to this specificationrequires degree of crosslinking to be determined in accordance with 9.7only.7. Workmanship7.1 The pipe shall be
45、free of visible cracks, holes, foreigninclusions, blisters, and other known injurious defects. Thepipe shall be as uniform as practicable in color, opacity,density, and other physical properties.8. Sampling and Conditioning8.1 SamplingTake a sample of the PEX-AL-PEX pipesufficient to determine confo
46、rmance with this specification.The number of specimens designated for each test shall betaken from pipe selected at random in accordance with therandom sampling plan of Practice D 1898.NOTE 2Sample size and testing frequency of lots for quality controlmust be established by the manufacturer to ensur
47、e conformance to thespecification. Sampling and frequency will vary with the specific circum-stances.8.2 Test SpecimensNot less than 50 % of the test speci-mens required for any pressure test shall have at least part ofthe marking in their central sections. The central section is thatportion of the
48、pipe that is at least one pipe diameter away froman end closure.8.3 ConditioningCondition the specimens at 23 6 2C(73.4 6 3.6F) and 50 6 5 % relative humidity for not lessthan 40 h prior to test in accordance with Procedure A ofPractice D 618, for those tests where conditioning is required.In cases
49、of disagreement, the tolerances shall be 61C(61.8F) and 62 % relative humidity.8.4 Test ConditionsConduct the test in the standard labo-ratory atmosphere of 23 6 2C (73.4 6 3.6F) and 50 6 5%relative humidity, unless otherwise specified in the test meth-ods or in this specification. In cases of disagreement, thetolerances shall be 61C (1.8F) and 62 % relative humidity.9. Test Methods9.1 Dimensions and Tolerances:9.1.1 PipeAny length of the PEX-AL-PEX compositepipe may be used to determine dimensions.9.1.2 Outside DiameterMea
