1、Designation: F 1545 97 (Reapproved 2003)An American National StandardStandard Specification forPlastic-Lined Ferrous Metal Pipe, Fittings, and Flanges1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1545; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption o
2、r, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers factory-made plastic-lined fer-rous metal pipe, fit
3、tings, and flanges intended primarily forconveying corrosive fluids. Requirements for materials, work-manship, dimensions, design, fabrication, working pressureand temperatures, test methods, qualification requirements, andmarkings are included.1.1.1 This specification does not define the suitabilit
4、y ofdifferent liner materials to various chemical and operatingenvironments. Refer to the manufacturers chemical resistancedata for suitability recommendations.1.1.2 This specification does not include products coatedwith plastics.1.2 This specification covers plastic-lined pipe, flanges, andfitting
5、s as listed in Table 1. Pressure limitations shall be inaccordance with ANSI/ASME B16 Standards, except reducedpressure limitations may be established by the manufacturer,considering both pressure and temperature limitations of theferrous metal housing and the sealing ability of the liner.NOTE 1In t
6、his specification, propylene plastics cover those materialsdefined as both polypropylene plastics and propylene plastics in Termi-nology F 412. Both materials are identified as “PP” on the product. Notethat this is at variance with Terminology D 1600, where “PP” is theabbreviation for polypropylene.
7、1.3 The plastic-lined flanged pipe and fitting assemblies arelimited to temperatures shown in Table 2. End users shouldconsult with manufacturers as to the likely result of using aparticular lined piping component at temperatures below therated minimum.NOTE 2The temperature limitations are based on
8、noncorrosive testconditions. Use in specific aggressive environments may alter temperaturelimitations. In such instances, specific temperature limits shall be estab-lished by mutual agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas th
9、e standard. The values given in parentheses are providedfor information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determ
10、ine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:A 48/A 48M Specification for Gray Iron Castings2A 53/A 53M Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated Welded and Seamless3A 105/A 105M Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings
11、 forPiping Applications3A 106 Specification for Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe forHigh-Temperature Service3A 126 Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Valves,Flanges, and Pipe Fittings2A 135 Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded SteelPipe3A 182/A 182M Specification for Forged or Rolled Alloy-S
12、teel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valves and Partsfor High-Temperature Service3A 216/A 216M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon,Suitable for Fusion Welding, for High-Temperature Ser-vice3A 234/A 234M Specification for Piping Fittings of WroughtCarbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and
13、 HighTemperature Service3A 278/A 278M Specification for Gray Iron Castings forPressure-Containing Parts for Temperatures Up to 650F(350C)2A 312/A 312M Specification for Seamless and Welded Aus-tenitic Stainless Steel Pipes3A 351/A 351M Specification for Castings, Austenitic,Austenitic-Ferritic (Dupl
14、ex), for Pressure-ContainingParts3A 395/A 395M Specification for Ferritic Ductile IronPressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Tempera-tures2A 403/A 403M Specification for Wrought Austenitic Stain-less Steel Piping Fittings3A 513 Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbonand Alloy St
15、eel Mechanical Tubing31This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.11 onComposites.Current edition approved Aug. 10, 2003. Published September 2003. Originallyapproved in 1995. Last previous edition
16、approved in 1997 as F 1545 97e1.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.02.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.A 536 Specification for Ductile Iron Castings2A 587 Specification for
17、 Electric-Resistance-Welded Low-Carbon Steel Pipe for the Chemical Industry3D 729 Specification for Vinylidene Chloride Molding Com-pounds4D 792 Test Method for Specific Gravity (Relative Density)and Density of Plastics by Displacement5D 1457 Specification for PTFE Molding and ExtrusionMaterials6D 1
18、505 Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-Gradient Technique4D 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlastics4D 2116 Specification for FEP-Fluorocarbon Molding andExtrusion Materials4D 3159 Specification for Modified ETFE-FluoropolymerMolding and Extrusion Materials7D 3222 S
19、pecification for Unmodified Poly(VinylideneFluoride) (PVDF) Molding, Extrusion, and Coating Mate-rials7D 3307 Specification for Perflouroalkoxy (PFA)-Fluorocarbon Molding and Extrusion Materials7D 4101 Specification for Propylene Plastic Injection andExtrusion Materials7D 4894 Specification for Poly
20、tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)Granular Molding and Ram Extrusion Materials8D 4895 Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)Resins Produced from Dispersion8D 5575 Specification for Copolymers of Vinylidene Fluo-ride (VDF) with Other Fluorinated Monomers8F 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping
21、 Systems92.2 ANSI/ASME Standards:B 16.1 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges Flanged Fittings10B 16.5 Steel Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings10B 16.9 Factory-Made Wrought Steel Butt Welding Fit-tings10B 16.28 Wrought Steel Buttwelding Short Radius Elbowsand ReturnsB 16.42 Ductile Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fit
22、tingsSection IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure VesselCode102.3 Manufacturers Standardization Society (MSS) Stan-dard:MSS SP-43 Wrought Stainless Steel Butt-Welding Fit-tings113. Terminology3.1 GeneralThe definitions used are in accordance withTerminologies F 412 and D 1600, unless otherwise indicat
23、ed.4. Materials4.1 Lining:4.1.1 MaterialThe lining shall be made from a resinconforming to one of the requirements in Table 3.4.1.2 Mechanical PropertiesThe minimum tensilestrength and minimum elongation at break when tested inaccordance with the specifications outlined in 4.1.1 shallconform to Tabl
24、e 4, except the test specimens shall be obtainedfrom extruded or molded liners. Sample orientation is notcritical except for PTFE liners made using the paste extrusionprocess. For paste-extruded PTFE liners, test specimens withtheir major axis cut longitudinally shall meet the mechanicalproperty cri
25、teria listed in Table 4, and specimens cut circum-ferentially shall have a minimum tensile strength at break of2500 psi (17.3 MPa) and a minimum elongation of 200 %.4.1.3 Specific GravitySpecific gravity for polytetrafluoro-ethylene (PTFE) resins, when tested in accordance with TestMethods D 792 or
26、D 1505, shall be as follows:Lining Material, Resin Type Specific GravityPolytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Types I andIV2.14 to 2.19Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Type III 2.13 to 2.214.2 Ferrous Pipe and Fittings:4.2.1 Mechanical PropertiesThe mechanical properties ofthe pipes and fittings shall confor
27、m to the appropriate specifi-cations listed in Table 5, except as they are influenced byaccepted methods of processing in the industry (for example,Van Stone flaring, bending, swaging, welding, and threading).The carbon steel pipe and wrought fittings shall be welded orseamless steel, Schedule 40 or
28、 80, except Schedule 30 pipemay be used in 8, 10, and 12-in. nominal size. Schedule 20 orstandard wall may be used in nominal sizes 12 in. and larger.4.2.2 FinishThe interior surfaces of all housings shall beclean and free of mold burrs, rust, scale, or other protrusions,which may adversely affect t
29、he integrity or performance of thelining.4.2.3 GeneralAll pipe and fitting end connections shall bemanufactured to provide a minimum18-in. radius or chamfer inthe transition from pipe wall to flange or lap face. This radiusor chamfer is required to reduce stress concentrations in theplastic liner as
30、 it is flared or molded over the flange face or stubend. For PTFE-lined pipe and fittings, a18-in. minimum radiusmust be provided. A perforated metal collar which seats overthe flange chamfer may be used to provide this required radius.4.2.4 DimensionalFlanges and fittings used for plastic-lined pip
31、e shall conform dimensionally (Note 3) to the follow-ing industry ferrous flange and fitting dimensional standards:Metallurgy SpecificationSteel ANSIB 16.5Ductile iron ANSIB 16.42Cast iron ANSIB 16.1NOTE 3Center-to-face dimensions include the plastic lining.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
32、5Discontinued. See 1999 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.6Discontinued. See 1995 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.7Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.02.8Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.03.9Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.04.10Available from American Society of Mechani
33、cal Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990.11Available from Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve andFittings Industry, Inc., 127 Park St. N.E., Vienna, VA 22180.F 1545 97 (2003)24.2.5 WeldingAll metal welding shall be done by welderso
34、r welding operators using welding procedures qualified underthe provisions of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code(Section IX).5. Requirements5.1 Dimensions:5.1.1 HousingHousing installation dimensions are as re-quired in the applicable material specification in accordancewith 4.2.4.5.1.2 Plasti
35、c Wall ThicknessPipe and fitting liners shallhave a minimum wall thickness and face thickness in accor-dance with Table 6.5.1.3 Lining Flare DiameterThe outside diameter of theflare covering the gasket portion of the flange or the full faceof the lap-joint stub end shall not be less than the diamete
36、rspecified in Table 7. The flared portion of the lining shall beconcentric with the flared portion of the pipe within116 in. (1.6mm).5.1.4 TolerancesTolerances for pipe, flanges, and fittingsshall be in accordance with Table 8. Bolt holes in both flangeson a fixed flange spool shall straddle the sam
37、e center line tofacilitate alignment. Finished lined (plastic flare to plastic flare)fabricated fittings shall conform to the nominal center-to-facedimensions as specified in ANSI B 16.1, B 16.42, or B 16.5with the applicable tolerances.5.2 Flange Construction:5.2.1 Threaded flanges shall be secured
38、 in position toprevent inadvertent turning of the flange.5.2.2 Socket-type flanges, except threaded, shall be fullyback-welded to the pipe housing and the inside surfaces of thesocket flanges shall be ground smooth.5.2.3 Slip-on flanges shall be fully back-welded.NOTE 4No welding shall be done on li
39、ned components in the field.5.2.4 Modified slip-on flanges used as lap-joint flanges maybe used with flared laps formed by flaring the pipe. Thebacking flange for the flared metallic lap shall have a18-in.bevel or18-in. corner radius at the bore to provide clearance forthe fillet of the flared lap.
40、The outside diameter of the flared lapshall be in accordance with the dimension of an ANSI B 16.9lap-joint stub end.5.2.5 Lap-joint (or Van Stone) flanged ends may be manu-factured by standard forming techniques or by using fullywelded Type A MSS SP-43 or ANSI B 16.9 lap-joint stub ends.Van Stone fl
41、ares shall have a fillet radius compatible with thecorner radius of the mating flange and shall not contain anycracks or buckles. Van Stone flares and stub ends shall have aradius to provide a smooth transition for the plastic flare. Onlylap joint flanges in accordance with ANSI B 16.42 and B 16.5sh
42、all be used.5.3 VentingEach pipe and fitting shall be provided with aventing system that will release any pressure between the linerand the housing.NOTE 5One or more holes in the housing, or a helical groove systeminside the housing, that connects flange vents, has provided adequateventing.NOTE 6Ven
43、ting is not required with PVDF, PP, ETFE, or PVDCliners.5.4 Workmanship:5.4.1 Pipe and fittings shall show no evidence of pinholes,porosity, or cracks when inspected in accordance with 5.5.2.The linings shall fit snugly inside the pipe and fitting housings.Any bulges or other obvious indications of
44、poor contact withthe housing shall be cause for rejection.5.4.2 The gasket seating surface of the lining shall be free ofsurface defects that could impair sealing effectiveness.Scratches, dents, nicks, or tool marks on the seating surfaceshall not be deeper than 10 % of the face thickness.5.5 Perfor
45、mance:5.5.1 QualificationLined pipe and fittings must be ca-pable of meeting the qualification requirements specified inSection 6.5.5.2 InspectionEach spool and fitting, prior to shipment,shall be hydrostatically or electrostatically tested in accordancewith Section 7 and shall subsequently be inspe
46、cted visually toverify conformance to the requirements of 5.4.6. Test Methods6.1 High-Temperature Test:6.1.1 Cycle representative production samples of lined pipeand fittings in an oven from room temperature to the testtemperature of the liner type (Table 9) to determine the abilityof the lined comp
47、onents to withstand heat aging and tempera-ture cycling. Test a minimum of two pipe spools, tees, and 90elbows in each size.6.1.2 ProcedureInstall companion flanges at the manufac-turers recommended torque value, and affix a thermocouple inthe ferrous housing to measure the temperature. Pipe spoolss
48、hall be at least 3 ft (1 m) long. After3hinanoven at the testtemperature (Table 9) as indicated by the thermocouple, aircool the lined components to 122F (50C) maximum. Repeatthis test for a total of three cycles.6.1.3 InspectionInspect lined pipe and fittings after eachcycle for distortion or crack
49、s in the lining. At the completion ofthe third cycle, subject tested specimens to the hydrostatic orelectrostatic test described in Section 7.6.2 Low-Temperature Test:6.2.1 After the high-temperature test, subject the same partsused for 6.1 to a cold test at 0F (18C) for a minimum of 48h. New parts may also be used.6.2.2 ProcedureInstall companion flanges at the manufac-turers recommended torque value, and affix a thermocouple tothe ferrous housing to measure the temperature. Pipe spoolsshall be at least 3 ft (1 m) long. After 48 h at or below
