1、Designation: F1551 09 (Reapproved 2017) An American National StandardStandard Test Methods forComprehensive Characterization of Synthetic Turf PlayingSurfaces and Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1551; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
2、oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These test methods establish a recommended list fromwhich
3、 suitable test methods shall be selected for the identifi-cation of physical property characteristics and comparison ofthe performance properties of synthetic turf systems or com-ponents for athletic and recreational uses, or both.1.2 Some of the test procedures are suitable only for thelaboratory c
4、haracterization of either components or the com-plete system; others are suitable for tests on installed sportsfields; and some tests may be applied in both the laboratory andthe field.1.3 The test procedures included in these test methods applyas a group to the description of synthetic turf playing
5、 surfaces.1.4 Some of the test procedures are specific for componentsof the synthetic turf system, and others apply to the completesynthetic turf playing surface.1.5 Reference to the methods for testing the synthetic turfplaying surface and its components contained herein shouldstate specifically th
6、e particular test or tests desired and notnecessarily refer to these test methods as a whole.1.6 This is a physical property characterization standard,and it shall not be construed as a safety standard.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parenthes
7、es are for informationonly.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulato
8、ry limitations prior to use.1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organ
9、ization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:22.1.1 Pile Fiber:D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD1577 Test Methods for Linear Density of Textile FibersD1907 Test Method for Linear Density
10、 of Yarn (Yarn Num-ber) by the Skein MethodD2256 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Yarns by theSingle-Strand MethodD3218 Specification for Polyolefin MonofilamentsD7138 Test Method to Determine Melting Temperature ofSynthetic Fibers2.1.2 Fabric:D1335 Test Method for Tuft Bind of Pile Yarn FloorC
11、overingsD1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD2859 Test Method for Ignition Characteristics of FinishedTextile Floor Covering MaterialsD4158 Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics(Uniform Abrasion)D5034 Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation ofTextile Fabrics (Grab
12、 Test)D5251 Practice for the Operation of the Tetrapod WalkerDrum Tester (Withdrawn 2014)3D5793 Test Method for Binding Sites per Unit Length orWidth of Pile Yarn Floor CoveringsD5823 Test Method for Tuft Height of Pile Floor CoveringsD5848 Test Method for Mass Per Unit Area of Pile YarnFloor Coveri
13、ngsE648 Test Method for Critical Radiant Flux of Floor-Covering Systems Using a Radiant Heat Energy SourceF1015 Test Method for Relative Abrasiveness of Synthetic1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 onSports Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and are the dire
14、ct responsibilityof Subcommittee F08.65 on Artificial Turf Surfaces and Systems.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2017. Published December 2017. Originallyapproved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F1551 09. DOI:10.1520/F1551-09R17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM websi
15、te, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,
16、 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides an
17、d Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1Turf Playing Surfaces2.1.3 Shock Absorbing Cushion Underlayment:D395 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyCompression SetD412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplas-tic ElastomersTensionD624 T
18、est Method for Tear Strength of Conventional Vul-canized Rubber and Thermoplastic ElastomersD1667 Specification for Flexible Cellular MaterialsPoly(Vinyl Chloride) Foam (Closed-Cell)D1876 Test Method for Peel Resistance of Adhesives (T-Peel Test)D2126 Test Method for Response of Rigid Cellular Plast
19、icsto Thermal and Humid AgingD3574 Test Methods for Flexible Cellular MaterialsSlab,Bonded, and Molded Urethane FoamsD3575 Test Methods for Flexible Cellular Materials MadeFrom Olefin PolymersD3936 Test Method for Resistance to Delamination of theSecondary Backing of Pile Yarn Floor CoveringF355 Tes
20、t Method for ImpactAttenuation of Playing SurfaceSystems, Other Protective Sport Systems, and MaterialsUsed for Athletics, Recreation and Play2.1.4 Turf Systems:D1667 Specification for Flexible Cellular MaterialsPoly(Vinyl Chloride) Foam (Closed-Cell)F355 Test Method for ImpactAttenuation of Playing
21、 SurfaceSystems, Other Protective Sport Systems, and MaterialsUsed for Athletics, Recreation and PlayF1015 Test Method for Relative Abrasiveness of SyntheticTurf Playing SurfacesF1936 Specification for Impact Attenuation of Turf PlayingSystems as Measured in the FieldF2117 Test Method for Vertical R
22、ebound Characteristics ofSports Surface/Ball Systems; Acoustical MeasurementF2333 Test Method for Traction Characteristics of the Ath-letic Shoe-Sports Surface Interface2.1.4 Infill Materials:D5644 Test Methods for Rubber Compounding MaterialsDetermination of Particle Size Distribution of RecycledVu
23、lcanizate Particulate RubberF1632 Test Method for Particle Size Analysis and SandShape Grading of Golf Course Putting Green and SportsField Rootzone Mixes2.2 Other Standards:AT-030 Sports Shoe TractionNOTE 1AstroTurf Industries internal test procedure is suitable as abasis for new ASTM test methods.
24、DIN 18-035 Part 6Water Permeability of Synthetic TurfSystems and Permeable BasesEN 12234 Surfaces for SportsAreas Determination of BallRollEN 12616 Surfaces for Sports Areas Determination ofInfiltration RateEN 14808 Surfaces for Sports Areas- Determination ofForce ReductionEN 14809 Surfaces for Spor
25、ts Areas Determination ofVertical DeformationprEN 15301-1 Surfaces for Sports Areas- Part 1. Determi-nation of Rotational Resistance3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerms are as defined in the referencedASTM procedures comprising these test methods.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.
26、1 fabric constructionthe method of assembly of pileribbon and backing yarns that produces the fabric, usuallytufting, knitting, or weaving.3.2.2 infilled turf systemfield system having a long pileheight and either one or more substances in the face of thefabric to provide the desired playing propert
27、ies. Infill sub-stances can be either sand, rubber or other substances or acombination of items.3.2.3 lengthwise direction, nin textiles, the direction in amachine-made fabric parallel to the direction of movement thefabric followed in the manufacturing machine.3.2.4 mattingthe extent of change of t
28、he apparent syn-thetic turf pile thickness from the original value due topermanent compression of the pile from sports use.3.2.5 pile, nfor pile fiber turf surfacing, surface texturecomposed of many individual thin strands or groups of strandsbound to a backing fabric in a repetitive array.3.2.6 pil
29、e laythe direction in which most of the pile fiberslean in the original, uncrushed fabric.3.2.7 secondary backinga material adhered to the backingside of a pile turf fabric.3.2.8 sports shoe tractiona measure of the static or slidingcoefficient of friction between a weighted sports shoe and theturf
30、pile surface, horizontal motion.3.2.9 synthetic turf field systemcomposite of syntheticcontact surface material, any fill material used in the contactsurface, energy absorbing material, fabric layers, adhesives, ifany, and other constructed layers (as applicable to the indi-vidual system constructio
31、n).3.2.10 synthetic turf system componentsthe separate com-ponents such as turf fabric, shock-absorbing pad, and adhesivesthat comprise the synthetic turf playing surface when as-sembled; the subcomponents such as pile yarns and backingyarns that comprise the turf fabric.3.2.11 texturethe detailed c
32、onfiguration of loops, cut pileends, and individual fibers in the pile layer.3.2.11.1 DiscussionTexture is the detailed appearance ofthe pile that changes by matting, crushing, flattening, fuzzing,untwisting, etc. during exposure to service. The texture shouldbe distinguished from the construction,
33、that is, the specifica-tions of kinds of yarns, yarn sizes, and the mode of combina-tion.3.2.12 water permeabilitythe rate at which water of aspecified head flows vertically through synthetic turf or othercomponents of the system.F1551 09 (2017)24. Summary of Test Methods4.1 The purpose of these tes
34、t methods is to provide acomprehensive characterization of synthetic turf playing sur-faces.4.2 Specific conditions of the referenced procedures arerecommended to encourage uniform application of these testmethods.4.3 Table 1 is an index of the test methods listed herein.5. Significance and Use5.1 T
35、hese test methods constitute a standard for obtainingdata in research and development, quality control, acceptanceand rejection under specifications, and for special purposes.5.2 The data obtained from use of these test methods areapplicable to the system and its components under conditionsof the pa
36、rticular test procedures and are not necessarily thesame as the data that might be obtained in other environmentsor use conditions.5.3 The selection of test methods or tests should be limitedto those appropriate to the system or material(s) being evalu-ated.6. Conditioning of Materials6.1 Conduct la
37、boratory tests under known conditions oftemperature and humidity as specified in the individual testprocedures. In the absence of specified conditions, tests mustbe conducted under the standard laboratory conditions of 23 6TABLE 1 Performance Test Methods for Synthetic Turf SurfacesTest Method Secti
38、on Item TestedPile FiberD792 density (specific gravity) 9 synthetic yarnD1577 linear density of textile fibers (denier) 10 pile of yarn on mfg. turf fabricD1907 linear density of yarn (denier - skein method) 11 bobbin of yarnD2256 breaking strength and elongation 12 bobbin of yarnD3218 yarn thicknes
39、s 13 synthetic yarnD7138 melting point (Fisher-John method or DSCmethod)14 synthetic yarnFabricD1335 resistance to tuft pullout 15 synthetic turf fabricD2859 flammability of pile floor covering (methenaminetablet)17 synthetic turf fabricD4158 abrasion resistance (uniform abrasion method) 18 non-infi
40、lled turfD5034 grab tear strength 19 synthetic turf fabricD5251 resistance to matting (tetrapod method) 20 non-infilled turfD5793 binding sites per unit 21 synthetic turf fabricD5823 pile height 22 synthetic turf fabricD5848 pile fiber, mass per unit 23 synthetic turf fabricE648 flammability of synt
41、hetic turf (flooring radiantpanel test)24 synthetic turf fabricF1015 relative abrasiveness of synthetic turf surfaces 25 synthetic turf fabricShock Absorbing Pad ComponentD395 compression set under constant load 26 shock-absorbing padD412 Dogbone tensile see 12.1 of Test Methods D1577.10.2.3 Manufac
42、turing process may change yarn denier asmeasured.11. Test Method D1907, Linear Density of Yarn (YarnNumber) by the Skein Method11.1 ScopeThis test method covers the determination ofthe linear density (denier) of all types of yarn in (bobbin)package form.11.2 Test Method Specific Conditions:11.2.1 Sp
43、ecified lengths of yarn are wound on reels asskeins, and weighed.11.2.2 Nine meters is recommended length weighed ingrams times 1000 for denier, grams per 9000 meters.12. Test Method D2256, Tensile Properties of Yarns bythe Single Strand Method12.1 Scope:12.1.1 This test procedure describes measurem
44、ent of thetensile properties strength, elongation, and (optionally) modu-lus for textile fibers and filaments.12.1.2 The test is appropriate and applicable to the pile fibercomponent of synthetic turf fabrics before the product is made.12.2 Test Method Specific Conditions:12.2.1 Option A1, standard-
45、conditioned, straight fiber orfilament is recommended.12.2.2 Horn grip clamps are recommended.12.2.3 The recommended gage length is 15.2 cm (6 in.).12.2.4 The recommended cross-head speed is 30.5 cm/min(12 in./min).12.2.5 The tangent method is recommended if the modulusis calculated (Appendix, Test
46、Method D2256).12.2.6 The measurement of strength and elongation may beconducted on monofilaments or multifilament yarns; specifywhich.13. Specification D3218, Polyolefin Monofilaments13.1 Scope:13.1.1 This specification covers polyolefin monofilamentyarn materials, and test methods for standard poly
47、olefin mono-filaments.13.1.2 This test method covers the determination of thethickness of flat polyolefin monofilaments, by a micrometer.13.1.3 This method can also be used for slit-filament tapeyarn.13.2 Test Method Specific ConditionsMeasure the thick-ness of the specimen to the nearest 2.5 m (0.1
48、 mil) using themicrometer.14. Test Method D7138, Determine Melting Temperatureof Synthetic Fibers14.1 Scope:14.1.1 These test methods describe several techniques forthe characterization of polyamides, polypropylene, and otherfibers.14.1.2 The applicable part of this test procedure is thatdescribing
49、the measurement of melting point for polyamidefibers and other fibers used in constructing synthetic turffabrics.14.2 Test Method Specific Conditions:14.2.1 A temperature rise of 2C/min with the Fisher-Johnsmelting point apparatus is recommended. Follow Test Method2 where applicable.14.2.2 Acceptable alternatives for the measurement of melt-ing point is differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) instru-ments. Report the temperature rise and other pertinent experi-mental conditions used with DSC Method 1.F1551 09 (2017)415. Test Method D1335, Tuft Bind
