1、Designation:F167405 Designation: F1674 11An American National StandardStandard Test Method forJoint Restraint Products for Use with PVC Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1674; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the c
2、ase of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method describes a procedure for qualifying the performance of joint restraint
3、 products for use on PVC pressurepipe systems by evaluating the effect of the joint restraint product on the performance characteristics of PVC pipe during cyclicpressure tests and static pressure tests. The PVC pipe property values referenced in this test method are for the 12454 compoundas describ
4、ed in Specification D1784 and a 4,000 HDB shall be obtained by categorizing the LTHS in accordance with Table 1 inTest Method D2837. That includes, but is not limited to, pipe produced in accordance with the following standards: SpecificationsD1785 and D2241, AWWA C900 , and AWWA C905.1.2 This test
5、method determines the short-term performance of a joint restraint product on PVC pipe, which involves the testingof restrained joint test sections to the minimum burst pressure requirements of the pipe to determine quick burst performance.1.3 This test method determines the long-term effect of a joi
6、nt restraint product on PVC pipe, which involves the testing ofrestrained joint test sections to the sustained pressure requirements of the pipe for a period of 1000 h.1.4 This test method addresses restraint products that are rated at the full pressure capacity of the PVC pipe on which they areused
7、. There are joint restraint devices available that are not rated at the full pressure capacity of the pipe. While those productshave proven acceptable and useful in the marketplace, this test method does not apply to those products.1.5 This test method determines the performance of a joint restraint
8、 product on PVC pipe subjected to cyclic pressure surges.The performance is compared to the baseline performance of pipe without joint restraint products established by Herbert W.Vinson.21.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for i
9、nformationpurposes only.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior
10、to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D1784 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC)CompoundsD1785 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40, 80, and 120D2241 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chlori
11、de) (PVC) Pressure-Rated Pipe (SDR Series)D2837 Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials or Pressure Design Basis forThermoplastic Pipe ProductsF412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems2.2 AWWA Standards:AWWA C900 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pressure
12、 Pipe and Fabricated Fittings, 4 In. through 12 In. (100 mm through 300 mm),for Water Distribution4AWWA C905 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pressure Pipe and Fabricated Fittings Pipe, Nominal Diameters 14 In. through 48 In.(350 mm through 1,200 mm), for Water Transmission and Distribution41This test metho
13、d is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.20 on Joining.Current edition approved Mar.April 1, 2005.2011. Published March 2005.April 2011. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 19962005 asF
14、167496.F167405. DOI: 10.1520/F1674-05. 10.1520/F1674-11.2Vinson, Herbert W., Response of PVC Pipe to Large, Repetitive Pressure Surges, International Conference on Underground Plastic Pipe, American Society of CivilEngineers, New York, NY, 1981, p. 491.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM
15、website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.4Available from American Water Works Assn., Association (AWWA), 6666 W. Quincy Ave., Denver, CO 80235, htt
16、p:/www.awwa.org.1This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users
17、consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshoho
18、cken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions are in accordance with Terminology F412 unless otherwise specified.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: Descriptions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 base hoop stressthe minimum hoop stress during cycl
19、ic testing; the base hoop stress shall be one half the peak hoopstress.3.2.2 base pressurethe internal pressure required to achieve the base hoop stress in the pipe wall.3.2.3 cyclean increase in the internal pressure in a cyclic pressure test specimen from the base pressure to the peak pressure,fol
20、lowed by a decrease in the internal pressure to the base pressure.3.2.4 failure of the pipeballooning, bursting, cracking, splitting, or weeping (seepage of liquid) of the pipe during test.3.2.5 failure of the restraint productstructural failure of the restraint product, leakage at the joint (where
21、the restraint is alsopart of the sealing process, for example, a mechanical joint), premature failure of the pipe that can be directly attributed to theaction of the restraint, or 0.25 in. (6.35 mm) of movement of the restraint mechanism on the pipe.3.2.6 minimum burst pressure requirementthe minimu
22、m internal pressure that must be reached, within 60 to 70 s, in arestrained joint test specimen without failure.3.2.7 movement of the restraint mechanismslippage on the pipe of any part of the restraint mechanism which contacts the pipewith the purpose of resisting thrust forces.3.2.8 peak hoop stre
23、ssthe maximum hoop stress during cyclic testing.3.2.9 peak pressurethe internal pressure required to achieve the peak hoop stress in the pipe wall.3.2.10 restraint device for PVC pipea product which is mechanically attached to or is an integral part of PVC pipe and isintended to prevent separation o
24、f a joint involving PVC pipe, due to internal pressure or external force (that is, restraining of amechanical joint, PVC pipe or fitting bell, or flange adapter).3.2.11 restrained joint test specimena test section that is assembled with the joint restraint product being tested. The ends ofthe pipe a
25、re capped and all of the load from the end thrust is transferred to the pipe to induce longitudinal stress in the pipe wall,in addition to hoop stress. The restraint device being tested should provide all resistance to joint separation.3.2.12 sustained pressure requirementthe internal pressure that
26、must be maintained for 1000 h in a restrained joint testspecimen for sustained pressure tests; it is dependent upon PVC compound and dimension ratio or pipe schedule.3.2.13 Vinson EquationAn empirical equation developed by H. W. Vinson for the conservative estimation of cyclic pressuresurge limits i
27、n the design of typical PVC pipe and is given by the following:C 5 5.05 3 1021!S24.906see Footnote 2!where:C = average number of cycles to failure andS = peak hoop stress, psi, (MPa 3 145.04 = psi).4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method is useful for establishing any effects that a joint restra
28、int product has on the performance of PVC pressurepipe. This test method is designed so that success in all three parts of the test provides reasonable assurance that a joint restraintproduct may be used on PVC pipe at the full pressure rating and capacity of the pipe.4.2 Restrained joint test speci
29、mens shall be subjected to internal pressures that are equal to the minimum burst pressurerequirements for the pipe alone. The minimum burst pressure requirements for some common dimension ratios are shown in Table1. The minimum burst pressures for other dimension ratios of pipe produced from 12454
30、PVC Compound (that is, pipe conformingto Specification D1785) may be determined based on a hoop stress of 6400 psi (44.13 MPa).4.3 Testing of restrained joint test specimens for 1000 h at the sustained pressure requirements indicates any tendency of theTABLE 1 Minimum Burst Pressure Requirements for
31、 SomeCommon Dimension Ratios, 12454 PVC CompoundDimension Ratio (DR) Pressure, psi (kPa)A13.5 1000 (6895)14 985 (6791)17 800 (5516)18 755 (5205)21 630 (4344)25 535 (3689)26 500 (3447)32.5 400 (2758)35 380 (2620)41 315 (2172)51 260 (1793)AThe pressures listed approximate a hoop stress of 6400 psi (44
32、.13 MPa).Some minor adjustments have been made to keep the test pressures uniform inorder to simplify testing.F1674 112restraint to fail in the long term. The minimum sustained pressure requirements for some common dimension ratios are shown inTable 2. The minimum sustained pressure for other dimens
33、ion ratios of pipe produced from 12454 PVC Compound (for example,pipe conforming to Specification D1785) may be determined based on a hoop stress of 4200 psi (28.96 MPa).4.4 Acyclic surge pressure test of restrained joint test specimens determines the effect of the joint restraint product on the cyc
34、licfatigue life of PVC pipe. This test method provides a means for quickly identifying any reduction in performance that might resultfrom the combination of the joint restraint product and the pipe. The peak hoop stress shall be determined for the pipe based onthe Vinson equation for a period of 1 0
35、00 000 cycles. The base pressure shall be one half of the peak pressure. The peak pressurerequirements for some common dimension ratios are shown in Table 3. The peak pressure for other dimension ratios for pipeproduced from 12454 PVC Compound (for example, pipe conforming to Specification D1785) ma
36、y be determined based on a hoopstress of 1587 psi (10.94 MPa).5. Sampling, Test Specimens, and Test Units5.1 Pipe Specimen LengthThe specimen length shall be such that the distance between any combination of end closure orrestraint product is as follows:5.1.1 For nominal pipe sizes 6 in. (150 mm) or
37、 less, a minimum of five times the nominal outside diameter, but not less than12 in. (305 mm),5.1.2 For nominal pipe sizes 8 in. (200 mm) up to and including 20 in. (500 mm), a minimum of three times the nominal outsidediameter, but not less than 30 in. (305 mm), and5.1.3 For nominal pipe sizes 24 i
38、n. (600 mm) and larger, a maximum length of 60 in. (1524 mm).5.2 Joint Restraint ProductsAll products that are to be tested shall be from normal production. Prototype products are allowedif they are representative of the final product.5.3 Test SpecimensAll parts of the test specimens are to be condi
39、tioned and assembled in the same temperature range asrequired for the pipe. Prepare a different restrained joint test specimen for each test performed.6. Preparation of Apparatus6.1 Constant-Temperature SystemAwater bath or other fluid bath shall be provided so that uniform temperature is maintained
40、throughout the bath. This system may require agitation. If an air or other external gaseous environment is used, provision shall bemade for adequate circulation. The test is to be conducted at 73F (23C) and the temperature tolerance requirements shall be63.6F (2C).6.2 Static Pressurizing SystemAny d
41、evice that is capable of continuously applying constant internal pressure in the specimenor group of specimens may be used. The device shall be capable of holding the test pressure within 62 % for the duration of thetest. A timing device shall be connected to the pressurized fluid side of the system
42、 through a pressure switch or other indicator.This timing device shall be capable of indicating the time at pressure and be sufficient to accurately indicate a time span of 1000h within 61.0 %.6.3 Cyclic Pressurizing SystemAny device that is capable of bringing the test specimen or group of specimen
43、s from therequired base pressure to the required peak pressure at a rate of 6 to 10 cycles/min. The device shall have the capability of reachingthe peak pressure within 62 % and releasing the pressure to the base pressure, or less. An effective means of counting the cyclesshall be incorporated into
44、the device. The device shall have a means of detecting failure and a means of recording the number ofcycles at failure.6.4 Pressure Gage, capable of indicating the maximum pressure of any test in which it is used to an accuracy better that 61.0 %,and increments adequate to verify that the pressure t
45、olerances of all tests in which it is used are met.NOTE 1To avoid wear which could affect accuracy on the gage that is used to monitor the cyclic pressure cycles, it may be desirable to have a methodof removing or isolating the gage from the system and replacing it when periodic pressure checks are
46、made.TABLE 2 Sustained Pressure Requirements for Some CommonDimension Ratios, 12454 PVC CompoundDimension Ratio (DR) Pressure, psi (kPa)A13.5 670 (4619)14 650 (4482)17 530 (3654)18 500 (3447)21 420 (2896)25 350 (2413)26 340 (2344)32.5 270 (1862)35 250 (1724)41 210 (1448)51 168 (1158)AThe pressures l
47、isted approximate a hoop stress of 4200 psi (28.96 MPa).Some minor adjustments have been made to keep the test pressures uniform inorder to simplify testing.F1674 1137. Conditioning7.1 Specimens to be tested shall be conditioned at the test temperature in a liquid bath for a minimum of1horingaseousm
48、edium for a minimum of 16 h before pressurizing.8. Procedure8.1 Minimum Burst Pressure Test:8.1.1 Attach the restrained joint test specimen to the pressurizing system.8.1.2 Increase the internal pressure uniformly and continuously so that the desired pressure is reached within 60 to 70 s. Thetest ma
49、y be terminated after reaching the minimum pressure requirement. Failure of the test specimen to reach the minimumpressure requirement shall constitute failure of the restraint product to pass the test. If the pipe section fails before reaching theminimum pressure requirement, and it is obvious that the restraint product did not cause the failure, then a retest is in order. Anyadditional testing or data acquisition is optional. See 4.2 for the minimum pressure requirements.8.2 Sustained Pressure Test:8.2.1 Attach the restrained joint test specimen to t
