1、Designation: F 1869 04Standard Test Method forMeasuring Moisture Vapor Emission Rate of ConcreteSubfloor Using Anhydrous Calcium Chloride1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1869; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the cas
2、e of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determinationof the rate of moisture vapor emitte
3、d from below-grade,on-grade, and above-grade (suspended) concrete floors.1.2 This quantity of moisture shall be expressed as the rateof moisture vapor emission, measured in pounds of moistureover a 1000 ft2area during a 24-h period.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the s
4、tandard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices, and determine the app
5、lica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statementsfor Test Methods for Constsruction MaterialsF 141 Terminology Relating to Resilient Floor Coverings2.2 Resilient Floor Covering Institute Standard:R
6、ecommended Work Practices32.3 Military Standard:Mil Spec B-131H Type 1, Class III43. Terminology3.1 Definitions: See Terminology F 141 for definitions ofthe terms, above-grade (suspended), below-grade, concrete,on-grade, and resilient flooring.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1
7、 moisture vapor emission rate (MVER)amount ofwater vapor in pounds emitted from a 1000 ft2area of concreteflooring during a 24-h period (multiply by 56.51 to convert tog/s m2).4. Significance and Use4.1 Use this test method to obtain a quantitative valueindicating the rate of moisture vapor emission
8、 from a concretefloor and whether or not that floor is acceptable to receiveresilient floor covering. The moisture vapor emission rate onlyreflects the condition of the concrete floor at the time of thetest. All concrete subfloors emit some amount of moisture invapor form. Concrete moisture emission
9、 is a natural processdriven by environmental conditions. All floor coverings aresusceptible to failure from excessive moisture vapor emissions.The moisture vapor emitted from a concrete slab is measuredin pounds. This measurement is the equivalent weight of waterevaporating from 1000 ft2of concrete
10、surface in a 24h period.The calcium chloride moisture test has been the industrystandard for making this determination and is a practical,well-established and accepted test of dynamic moisture. It willproduce quantified results directly applicable to flooring manu-facturers specifications. The resul
11、ts obtained reflect only thecondition of the concrete floor at that time.5. Apparatus5.1 Test Unit Contents:5.1.1 Cylindrical Plastic Dish Containing Anhydrous Cal-cium Chloride, heat sealed in a heat sealable bag meeting MilSpec B-131H Type 1, Class III, to protect from moistureintrusion.5.1.1.1 An
12、hydrous calcium chloride shall be in the form ofprilled beads and shall have a minimum purity of 94 %. Netweight of the anydrous calcium chloride shall be 16 6 1g.5.1.1.2 Dish shall be made of a material that does not absorbmoisture. Dimensions of the dish shall be 69 6 1 mm outsidediameter, 16 6 1
13、mm height, wall thickness less than 1 mm.Dish shall be supplied with a tight-fitting cover. The cover shallbe secured to the dish with pressure-sensitive-adhesive backedvinyl tape.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F06 on ResilientFloor Coverings and is the direct responsi
14、bility of Subcommittee F06.40 onPractices.Current edition approved June 1, 2004. Published July 2004. Originally approvedin 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F 186903.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.or
15、g. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Resilient Floor Covering Institute, 966 Hungerford Drive, Suite12-B, Rockville, MD 20850.4Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 70
16、0Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.1.2 Pressure Sensitive Label, to be used to identify thecontainer of calcium chloride and to record the date, time, andcontaine
17、r weight when the test is started and completed.5.1.3 Transparent Cover, with 0.5 in. (12 mm) flangesaround the perimeter, approximately 0.5 ft2(460 6 46 cm2), asmeasured between the inside of the flanges, is required to sealthe test area of the floor. The plastic cover shall have a depthgreater tha
18、n the height of the container of anhydrous calciumchloride. The height of the container shall be 112 in. 6 0.125(38 6 3.2 mm).5.1.4 Strip of Sealant, to secure the plastic cover to the floorin an airtight fashion.5.1.5 Brightly Colored Warning Label, to be placed on theplastic cover as a protective
19、warning while the test is beingconducted.5.1.6 Mailing Bag, for the return of the sample to the partyresponsible for calculating the test results.5.2 Gram Scale, capable of measuring 0.1 g. This scale willbe used to weigh the calcium chloride container at the start andend of the test. On-site measur
20、ement is preferred to mailing thecontainer back to the supplier for results.5.3 Thermometer, capable of measuring room temperature.5.4 Hygrometer, capable of measuring the relative humidityof the test site.6. Conditioning6.1 The test site should be at the same temperature andhumidity expected during
21、 normal use. If this is not possible,then the test conditions should be 75 6 10F (23.9 6 5.5C)and 50 6 10 % relative humidity. Maintain these conditions 48h prior to, and during testing.6.2 Prior to placement of the anhydrous calcium chloridetests, the actual test area shall be clean and free of all
22、 foreignsubstances. All residual adhesives, curing compounds, sealers,paints, floor coverings, etc. shall be removed. Removal shall beaccomplished using approved OSHA work practices. Forremoval of existing resilient floorings or residual adhesive,strictly observe the Warning that follows and Notes 1
23、 and 2.(WarningDo not sand, dry sweep, dry scrape, drill, saw,beadblast, or mechanically chip or pulverize existing resilientflooring, backing, lining felt, or asphaltic cut-back adhesives.These products may contain either asbestos fibers or crystallinesilica. Avoid creating dust. Inhalation of such
24、 dust is a cancerand respiratory tract hazard. Smoking by individuals exposedto asbestos fibers greatly increases the risk of serious bodilyharm. Unless positively certain that the product containsnon-asbestos material, presume it contains asbestos. Regula-tions may require that the material be test
25、ed to determineasbestos content. RFCIs recommended work practices are adefined set of instructions addressed to the task of removing allresilient floor covering structures whether or not they containasbestos. When RFCIs recommended work practices arefollowed, resilient floor covering structures that
26、 contain (or arepresumed to contain) asbestos can be removed in a manner thatwill comply with the current occupational exposure to asbestosstandards permissible exposure limits (PEL) issued by theOccupational Safety and Health Administrations (OSHA).NOTE 1Various federal, state, and local government
27、 agencies haveregulations covering the removal of asbestos-containing material. Ifconsidering the removal of resilient floor covering or asphaltic cut-backadhesive that contains or is presumed to contain asbestos, review andcomply with the applicable regulations.NOTE 2Certain paints may contain lead
28、. Exposure to excessiveamounts of lead dust presents a health hazard. Refer to applicable federal,state, and local laws and “Lead-based Paint: Interim Guidelines forHazard Identification and Abatement in Public and Indian Housing”5regarding: (1) appropriate methods for identifying lead-based paint a
29、ndremoving of such paint, and (2) any licensing, certification, and trainingrequirements for persons performing lead abatement work. (Use onlyqualified of certified lead abatement contractors to remove lead-basedpaint.)7. Procedure7.1 Expose a minimum area of 20 by 20 in. (50.8 by 50.8cm) to conditi
30、ons specified in 6.1 and 6.2 for a minimumperiod of 24 h prior to starting each test. Weigh the containerof anhydrous calcium chloride, including the tape used to sealthe container, the container lid, and the label which should beaffixed to the lid. Record the weight to the nearest 0.1 g on theconta
31、iner label along with the starting time to the nearest 614h.7.1.1 If not provided by the CaCl2test kit manufacturer,obtain the actual area of the test site. Measure the length andwidth of the plastic cover between the inside of the flanges, andmultiply to obtain the area. Measure the bottom of the d
32、ishcontaining the CaCl2to obtain the radius. To calculate the areaof the dish, use the following equation:A 5pr2(1)where:p = 3.14Deduct the area of the dish from the area of the plasticcovering. Record this as the actual test area. This will be usedto make the final calculation at the end of the tes
33、t.7.2 Apply the sealant to the flanges of the plastic cover in acontinuous bead. If the sealant has been preinstalled by the kitmanufacturer, expose by peeling off the protective covering.The purpose of the sealant is to form an airtight seal around theperimeter of the plastic cover.7.3 Carefully re
34、move the sealing tape from the calciumchloride dish and attach it to the side of the plastic container.This tape will be used again to reseal the same container.Remove the container lid and invert it under the dish. Set thedish (and lid) onto the concrete surface. (WarningDo notspill any of the calc
35、ium chloride from the container. If spillageoccurs that test kit is to be discarded requiring test to beperformed with a new test kit.Immediately place the plastic cover over the calcium chlo-ride dish. Firmly press down on the covers flanges compress-ing the sealant providing an airtight seal aroun
36、d the cover.7.4 After test has been in place for 60-72 h, remove theplastic cover. It may be best to cut the top open with a razorblade so the dish can be easily retrieved. Replace the lid on thecontainer and immediately reseal using the original sealing5Available from U.S. Department of Housing and
37、 Urban Development, Wash-ington, DC. Use September 1990 or subsequent editions.F1869042tape. Immediately reweigh the sealed container. Record thenew weight, the date, and time the test was stopped. Record ifperformed at the test site.NOTE 3If test container is to be return-mailed for results, immedi
38、atelyplace in mailing bag ensuring bag is properly sealed. Follow mailinginstructions provided with kit.7.5 The formula for computing moisture vapor emissionrate (MVER) is as follows:MVER 524 000DM453.612AT552.91DMAT(2)where:MVER = moisture vapor emission rate, lb/1000 ft2/24 h,DM = change in mass (
39、weight gain) of anhydrous CaCl2in g,A = contact area of the flanged cover on concrete inft2deducting the area of the CaCl2dish, andT = exposure time in hours.7.6 To convert test results to SI, multiply by 56.51 to obtainresults in g/(s m2).7.7 Use the following guidelines to determine the number oft
40、est locations to be utilized simultaneously.7.7.1 Three test locations for areas up to 1000 ft2(100 m2).7.7.2 Add one additional test for each 1000 ft2(100 m2)orfraction thereof.NOTE 4When conducting moisture emission tests, the test unitsshould not be concentrated but shall be located in various pa
41、rts of the floorarea. One unit shall be placed near the center with others being placedaround perimeter. Selection of test sites shall include areas of potentialmoisture, that is, joints and perimeter of building.8. Precision and Bias8.1 The single-operator, within-laboratory precision of TestMethod
42、 F 1869 was determined using at least 30commercially-available test kits that conform to F 1869. Thedata used to develop this precision statement were obtainedusing the inch-pound version of this test method. The figuresgiven in the second column are the standard deviations thathave been found to be
43、 appropriate for the materials andconditions of test described in the first column. The figures inthe third column are the limits that should not be exceeded bythe difference between the results of two properly conductedtests.Normal weight concreteMVER, lb/1000 ft2/24 hStandard DeviationAAcceptable
44、Rangeof Two ResultsA7.9 1.0 2.83.3 0.3 0.8Lightweight concreteMVER, lb/1000 ft2/24 hStandard DeviationAAcceptable Rangeof Two ResultsA10.2 0.9 2.54.1 0.3 0.8AThese numbers represent, respectively, the (1s) and (d2s) limits described inPractice C 670.8.2 No information can be presented on the bias of
45、 theprocedure in Test Method F 1869 for measuring moisture vaporemission rates from concrete because no material having anaccepted reference value is available.9. Keywords9.1 anhydrous calcium chloride; moisture vapor emissionrate; quantitative calcium chloride; resilient flooring; RMAreferee testAS
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