1、Designation: F1979 10 (Reapproved 2014)F1979 17 An American National StandardStandard Specification forPaintballsProjectiles Used in the Sport of Paintball1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1979; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adopti
2、on or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis specification sets forth a set of guidelines and testing procedures f
3、or the manufacturing ofcommon calibers and types of paintball. The goal is to provide paintball manufacturers with aspecification that promotes safety in the sport of paintball.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes testing procedures and critical characteristics of common calibers of paintball
4、which helpdefine whether a paintball is for projectiles, which define whether they are suitable for use in the sport of paintball. Furthermore,the specification establishes minimum warning and package labeling requirements to help ensure that the paintballs are used in asafe manner and that the risk
5、 of injury is reduced.1.2 This specification does not cover non-recreational paintballs, for example, those used by law enforcement, scientific,military, or theatrical entities.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information o
6、nly.1.4 This specificationstandard does not purport to address all of the safety issues concerns, if any, associated with the sport ofpaintball. its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this specificationstandard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, andhealth practices and to comp
7、ly with all applicable laws and regulations.environmental practices and determine the applicabilityof regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles
8、 for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F2272 Specification for Paintball Markers3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This St
9、andard:3.1.1 caliber, nthe term used to refer to the size of a paintball projectile. Related to the measurement of the diameter of thepaintball.3.1.2 cubic centimeter, ncommonly used unit of volume extending the derived SI-unit cubic meter and corresponding to thevolume of a cube measuring 1 1 1 cm.
10、3.1.2.1 DiscussionThe mass of one cubic centimeter of water is approximately equal to 1 g.3.1.3 fill material, nliquid inside of a paintball.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on Sports Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and is the direct responsibility ofS
11、ubcommittee F08.24 on Paintball and Equipment.Current edition approved May 1, 2014Oct. 1, 2017. Published September 2014October 2017. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20102014as F1979 10.F1979 10 (2014). DOI: 10.1520/F1979-10R14.10.1520/F1979-17.2 For referencedASTM sta
12、ndards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an
13、ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as publish
14、ed by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.1.4 paintball, nspherical ball, with a diameter and weight as defined in a projectile Table 1, comprised of a shell and a fill,and
15、designed to be expelled from a paintball marker.marker meeting the requirements of Specification F2272.3.1.4.1 spherical paintball, na round projectile, with a diameter and weight as defined in Table 1, comprised of a shell anda fill material, and designed to be expelled from a paintball marker.3.1.
16、4.2 shaped paintball, nnon-spherical cylindrical shaped projectile with a hemispherical front surface, and a diameter,length, and weight as defined in Table 2, comprised of a shell and a fill material, and designed to be expelled from a paintballmarker most commonly with a magazine style feed.3.1.5
17、paintball marker, ndevice specifically designed to discharge paintballs which conforms to Specification F2272.3.1.6 shellrigid to semirigid semi-rigid frangible material (generally of gelatin) that encapsulates or contains the fill materialof a projectile used in the sport of paintball.4. General Re
18、quirements4.1 pH of Fill MaterialThe pH of the fill material used in the paintballall paintballs shall measure between 4.0 and 8.0 asmeasured using a 10 % solution of the fill in distilled water. Measurements shall be made using a properly calibrated pH meter.See Fig. 1 for the pH scale and pH level
19、s for some common items.4.2 Paintball Fill Compatibility With PolycarbonateWhen tested in accordance with Section 5, no more than one of the threepolycarbonate tensile bars exposed to the fill material shall develop a visible crack that is greater than 6.5 mm (0.256 in.) in length.4.3 Maximum Weight
20、The paintballsA paintball shall not weigh more than as defined in Table 1 and Table 2 based on thecaliber and type of the paintball.4.4 Fill Color LimitationsThe paintballsApaintball shall not contain fill material with a color mimicking that of human blood.4.5 Diameter of a Spherical PaintballThe d
21、iameter of the paintball as measured both polar and at the seam shall measureaspherical paintball shall be measured around both the polar axis and seam; both measurements shall be within the minimum andmaximum range as defined in Table 1, based on the caliber of the paintball.4.6 Diameter of Shaped
22、PaintballThe diameter of a shaped paintball as measured around the largest section of the cylinderof the sample shall measure within the minimum and maximum range as defined in Table 2 based on the caliber of the shapedpaintball.4.7 Length of Shaped PaintballThe length of the shaped paintball as mea
23、sured along the overall length of the object shallmeasure within the minimum and maximum range as defined in Table 2 based on the caliber of the shaped paintball.4.8 Impact BreakageThe impact breakage of the paintball shall be tested in accordance with Section 6.All ten of the paintballsthat impact
24、the target shall break upon impact.4.9 Environmental SafetyPaintballs shall not contain environmentally hazardous or toxic substances as defined in CERCLA3Regulations 40CFR302.4; SARA Toxic Chemical List4 Section 313; Clean Air Act5, Section 112B; and RCRA Regulations640FRR261.24 through 40CFR261.33
25、.3 U.S. Environmental ProtectionAgency, “Designation of Hazardous Substances List of Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities,” Comprehensive EnvironmentalResponse Compensation and Liabilities Act, Bureau of Federal Affairs, 40CFR302.4, April 4, 1985.4 U.S. Environmental ProtectionAgency, “Sup
26、erfundAmendment and ReauthorizationAct,” Environmental Protection Agency Regulation, Bureau of FederalAffairs, TitleIII, 1986.5 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, “National Emission Standards for Air Pollutants List of Hazardous Air Pollutants,” Clean Air Act, Bureau of Federal Affairs,Section 11
27、2B, 1967.6 U.S. Environmental ProtectionAgency, “Definition of Characteristic and Listed HazardousWaste, Identification and Listing of HazardousWaste,” Resource Conservationand Recovery Act, Bureau of Federal Affairs, 40CFR261, May 19, 1980.May 19, 1980.TABLE 1 Common Calibers of Spherical Paintball
28、s with Minimum and Maximum Diameter and Maximum Weight68 Caliber18 mm43 Caliber11 mm50 Caliber13 mm55 Caliber14 mm62 Caliber16 mmMin (mm) Diameter 16.500 10.430 12.130 13.340 15.000Min (mm) Diameter 16.5 10.43 12.13 13.34 15Max (mm) Diameter 18.000 11.390 13.240 14.560 16.420Max (mm) Diameter 18 11.
29、39 13.24 14.56 16.42Min (in) Diameter 0.650 0.410 0.470 0.520 0.590Min (in) Diameter 0.65 0.41 0.47 0.52 0.59Max (in.) Diameter 0.709 0.448 0.521 0.573 0.646Weight (g) Maximum 3.500 0.900 1.400 1.700 2.500Weight (g) Maximum 3.5 0.9 1.4 1.7 2.5Weight (oz) Maximum 0.123 0.032 0.049 0.060 0.088Weight (
30、oz) Maximum 0.123 0.032 0.049 0.06 0.088F1979 172TEST METHODS5. Paintball Compatibility with Polycarbonate5.1 ScopeThis test method is intended to determine the compatibility of the paintball fill with polycarbonate, the plasticmaterial currently universally used for protective eyewear lenses in pai
31、ntball.5.2 Summary of Test MethodThis test method involves bending polycarbonate tensile bars in a test fixture while these barsare exposed to the paintball fill material and observing how these tensile bars react to the fill.Acontrol test is also conducted usingtap water in place of the paintball f
32、ill material.5.3 Significance and UseThis test method provides a means to help determine the suitability of specific paintball fill materialfor use in the sport of paintball. This test method provides a relative indicator of the reaction that a polycarbonate lens would haveto the paintball fill mate
33、rial being tested.TABLE 2 Calibers of Shaped Paintballs with Minimum and Maximum Diameter, Length and Maximum Weight68 Caliber18 mm43 Caliber11 mm50 Caliber13 mm55 Caliber14 mm62 Caliber16 mmMin (mm) Diameter 16.5 10.43 12.13 13.34 15Max (mm) Diameter 18 11.39 13.24 14.56 16.42Min (in.) Diameter 0.6
34、5 0.41 0.47 0.52 0.59Max (in.) Diameter 0.709 0.448 0.521 0.573 0.646Min (in.) Length 0.65 0.41 0.47 0.52 0.59Max (in.) Length 0.709 0.448 0.521 0.573 0.646Weight (g) Maximum 3.5 0.9 1.4 1.7 2.5Weight (oz) Maximum 0.123 0.032 0.049 0.06 0.088FIG. 1 The pH ScaleFIG. 2 Tensile Bar Shown Without Wrappi
35、ngF1979 1735.4 Apparatus: ApparatusThis test method shall be conducted using a test fixture as shown in Fig. 2. The tensile bars7 usedin the test shall be molded of clear 121 grade Lexan8, polycarbonate (Fig. 3).5.5 Procedure:5.5.1 Test 3 separate tensile bars for each type of paint being tested. Te
36、st a total of 2 tensile bars in the control test using tapwater.5.5.2 Place the fill from 4 paintballs of the tested paint into a polyethylene bag, (the zip-lock variety works well), along withone tensile bar. Place 15 mL (12 oz) of tap water, along with one tensile bar into each of the two control
37、sample polyethylene bags.Wrap each bag around the bar so that the fill or water is in contact with the center of the bar, and seal the bag to prevent fill leakageor evaporation.5.5.3 Bend the bagged tensile bars between the two stops on the test fixture (Fig. 2), which induces a 1.0 % strain orappro
38、ximately 175.75 k/cm2 (2500 psi). Store the bent tensile bars in the test fixture at room temperature 23 6 2C (73 6 3.5F)for 7 days. During the entire 7-day period, the paintball fill material shall be in contact with the center of the tensile bars. Invertingthe test fixture is one method of ensurin
39、g this contact. Wrapping the bag snugly around the tensile bars is another proven method.5.5.4 After 7 days, remove the tensile bars from the test fixture and rinse with clean tap water. Dry the tensile bars and inspectfor cracks.5.6 ReportInspect the tensile bars for cracks by holding the bars vert
40、ically facing either direct sunlight or a bright light source.Tilt the bars slightly to highlight any cracks. Record and report the length of the longest crack on each tensile bar. If either of thetensile bars used in the control test exhibit a crack of 3 mm (0.112 in.) in length, and cracks longer
41、than 6.5 mm have also beenfound in two of the three tensile bars exposed to the fill material, the test may be considered invalid and performed again usinga different batch of tensile bars.5.7 Precision and BiasNo information is presented about either the precision or bias of this test method since
42、this test methodis nonquantitative.6. Paintball Impact Breakage Test6.1 ScopeThis test method is intended to determine the ability of the paintballs to burst upon impact.6.2 Summary of Test MethodThis test method involves shooting paintballs from a paintgun propelling device at a target,within the p
43、arameters of this specification, to test for the breakage of the paintballs upon the target.6.3 Significance and UseIn the sport of paintball, a player who is marked with fill of a paintball is eliminated from the game,and thus it is desirable that a paintball be designed within parameters such that
44、 its outer shell can split open and allow its fill tomark the player. This test method provides a means of identifying the breakage ability of paintballs within parameters thatreasonably approximate conditions common in the game of paintball. This test method provides a means of identifying thebreak
45、age of paintballs by impacting a target at a velocity common in the game of paintball.6.4 SamplingSelect 30 paintballs at random from the lot of paintballs being tested.6.5 Apparatus:6.5.1 Apaintball marker capable of hurling paintballs horizontally at a speed of 85.3 6 6 m/s (280 6 20 ft/s) that co
46、mplies withSpecification F2272. Each shotsshots muzzle velocity shall be measured and if not within tolerance, that impact is not valid.6.5.2 In the case of a laboratory environment this test may be performed using an air cannon to launch the paintballs, as longas the velocity specification of 6.5.1
47、 and barrel specifications of Specification F2272 are met.7 The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is Hi Tech Mold and Tool Inc., 1520 East St., Pittsfield, MA 01201. If you are awareof alternative suppliers, please provide this information toASTM Internationa
48、l Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsibletechnical committee,1 which you may attend.8 Lexan is a trademark of GE Plastics.FIG. 3 Tensile BarF1979 1746.5.3 Equipment employed to measure the speed of the test paintball shall be accurate to within 6
49、0.5 m/s (620 ft/s) muzzlevelocity.velocity and will be set up and used in accordance with the manufacturers instructions supplied with the unit.6.6 Conditioning:6.6.1 All impact testing shall be done using paintballs manufactured within the previous 8 months.6.6.2 Paintball storage and the non-test handling shall be done at a relative humidity below 65 % and a temperature between19C (66F) and 27C (80F).6.6.3 Paintballs shall be conditioned in their original sealed container for at least 4 h at the humidity and temperature specifiedin
