1、Designation: F859 09Standard Specification forHeat-Sanitizing Commercial Dishwashing Machines, MultipleTank, Conveyor Rack Type1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F859; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revisio
2、n, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification cov
3、ers multiple tank automatic rack-type commercial dishwashing machines.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.2. Referenced D
4、ocuments2.1 ASTM Standards:2A167 Specification for Stainless and Heat-ResistingChromium-Nickel Steel Plate, Sheet, and StripB127 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNSN04400) Plate, Sheet, and StripF760 Specification for Food Service Equipment ManualsF861 Specification for Commercial Dishwashing
5、 RacksF1920 Test Method for Performance of Rack Conveyor,Commercial Dishwashing Machines2.2 Federal Regulation:OSHA Title 2932.3 NSF International Standards:NSF/ANSI 3 Commercial Warewashing Equipment4NSF/ANSI 5 Commercial Hot Water Generating Equip-ment4NSF/ANSI 14 Plastic Piping System Components
6、and Re-lated Materials4NSF/ANSI 29 Detergent/Chemical Feeders for CommercialSpray-Type Dishwashing Machines4NSF/ANSI 51 Food Equipment Materials4NSF Listings-Food Equipment42.4 Underwriters Laboratories Standard:UL 921 Commercial Electric Dishwashers52.5 American Society of Sanitary Engineering Stan
7、dards:ASSE 1004 Dishwashers62.6 Military Standard:MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage73. Terminology3.1 Definition:3.1.1 commercial dishwashing machinesmachines thatuniformly wash, rinse, and heat sanitize eating and drinkingutensils. The machines shall be capable of removing physicalsoil f
8、rom properly racked and pre-scrapped items, and sanitiz-ing multiple-use eating and drinking utensils. These machinesshall automatically convey racks of soiled dishes through thetreatment stages of the machine, conveying them out at theclean end of the machine. The dishwashing machines shallconsist
9、of the following principal parts: legs, wash chamber,rinse chamber, tanks, doors, spray assemblies, pumps, motors,controls, piping, valves, conveying mechanisms, heatingequipment, and accessories.4. Classification4.1 GeneralDishwashing machines shall be of the follow-ing types, styles, classes, size
10、s, and capacity groups, asspecified.4.2 Types:4.2.1 Type IThis machine shall be designed and suppliedto accept the feeding of soiled tableware from the right side,when facing the front of the machine.4.2.2 Type IIThis machine shall be designed and suppliedto accept the feeding of soiled tableware fr
11、om the left side,when facing the front of the machine.4.3 Styles and Classes:1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F26 on FoodService Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F26.01 onCleaning and Sanitation Equipment.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009.
12、 Published October 2009. Originallyapproved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as F859 04. DOI:10.1520/F0859-09.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,
13、refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Code of Federal Regulations, Chapter XVII, Part 1910 available fromSuperintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.4Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, 789 N. Dixboro Rd., AnnArbor, MI 48113
14、-0140.5Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Corporate Progress, 333Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062.6Available from ASSE International, 901 Canterbury, Suite A, Westlake, OH44145.7Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 1
15、9111-5094, Attn: NPODS.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.3.1 Style 1 (Steam Heated)Low-pressure steam (20 to35 psi) (137.9 to 241.3 kPa) flowing pressure at point ofmachine connection.4.3.1.1 Class AInjectors.4.3.1.2
16、Class BHeat exchange coils.4.3.2 Style 2 (Electrically heated)4.3.3 Style 3 (Gas-heated)4.3.3.1 Class CNatural Gas.4.3.3.2 Class DLP Gas.4.4 Style 4 (Pre-Wash Unit)The dishwashing machineshall have a pump recirculated prewash unit. The automaticprewash unit shall be fitted to, or be a part of the di
17、shwashingmachine.4.5 Size and Capacity,4.5.1 Group A1934 by 1934-in. (501.6 by 501.6 mm)(nominal) racks at 100 per hour minimum.4.5.2 Group B1934 by 1934-in. (501.6 by 501.6 mm)(nominal) racks at 234 per hour minimum.4.5.3 Group C1934 by 1934-in. (501.6 by 501.6 mm)(nominal) racks at 330 per hour mi
18、nimum.4.6 All dishwashing machines of the same classification,model, or material list designation furnished with similaroptions under a specific purchase order shall be identical to theextent necessary to ensure interchangeability of componentparts, assemblies, accessories, and spare parts.5. Orderi
19、ng Information5.1 Purchasers should select the preferred options permittedin this specification and include the following information inthe procurement document:5.1.1 Title, number, and date of this specification,5.1.2 Type, style, class, and group machine required (see4.1),5.1.3 Noise level require
20、ments, if other than specified (see11.2),5.1.4 When a service-supply valve is required (see 7.5),5.1.5 When a standard 40F (22C) temperature rise steam,electric, or gas booster is required, or stipulate if the requiredtemperature rise is more than 40F (22C) (see 7.14),5.1.6 Electrical power supply c
21、haracteristic (current, volt-age, phase, frequency) (see Section 8),5.1.7 When a detergent feeder is required (see 7.15),5.1.8 When a rinse agent feeder is required (see 7.16),5.1.9 Accessory equipment, such as end cowls with ventopening, or spare and maintenance parts required, as suggestedby the m
22、anufacturer,5.1.10 Treatment and painting if other than specified (seeSection 10),5.1.11 When energy consumption profiles, water consump-tion profiles, or productivity profiles are desired (see 12.3), and5.1.12 Manufacturers certification, when required (see Sec-tion 13).6. Materials and Design6.1 A
23、ll materials shall be specified as follows:6.1.1 Materials used shall be free from defects that wouldadversely affect the performance or maintainability of indi-vidual components of the overall assembly. The dishwashingmachines shall meet the material design and constructionrequirements of NSF/ANSI
24、3, where applicable.6.1.2 Corrosion-Resistant SteelCorrosion resistant steelshall conform to the requirements of any 200, 300, or 400series stainless steel specified in 2.1.6.1.3 Corrosion-Resisting MaterialCorrosion-resistingmaterial is other than corrosion-resistant steel that is equivalentin the
25、dishwasher application.6.1.4 Nickel-Copper AlloyNickel-copper alloys shall con-form to the requirements of Specification B127.6.1.5 PlasticsAll plastic materials and components usedin the dishwashing machine rinse system shall conform toNSF/ANSI 14 or NSF/ANSI 51.7. Construction Requirements Constru
26、ction Requirements7.1 The dishwashing machine shall be complete so thatwhen connected to the specified source of power, water supply,heating means (steam, electric, or gas), and drainage, detergentand rinse agent feeder as applicable, the unit can be used for itsintended function. Dishwashers shall
27、be rigid, quiet in opera-tion, free from objectionable splashing of water to the outsideof the machine. The machine shall be equipped with splashcurtains to prevent excessive splash and spray carryover. Partsrequiring adjustment or service, or both, shall be readilyaccessible from the front and side
28、 of the machine. The machineshall wash dishes by means of a water and detergent solutionpumped from a tank and shall pump rinse the dishes underpump pressure prior to the final rinse of fresh water from anoutside source. Provisions shall be made to fill the wash andrinse tank either directly from th
29、e regular hot water supply witha hand valve or through the booster or solenoid, or both. Thedishwashing machine shall have a conveyor for handling 1934by 1934-in. (501.6 by 501.6 mm) (nominal) racks. The con-veyor shall be protected by an adjustable slip clutch or otherdevice. Means shall be provide
30、d for releasing or disconnectingthe drive power, or the drive in case of jamming. The conveyorshall be driven by a separate motor driven gear reduction unit.The final rinse spray control shall have a positive return to theOFF position when there are no racks in process to ensure theconservation of f
31、inal rinse water. The machine shall be pro-vided with tracks of corrosion-resistant steel or othercorrosion-resisting material not less than 0.070 in. (1.8 mm) orequivalent die-formed material of 0.059 in. (1.5 mm). Dish-washers shall have an inside working height of not less than1712 in. (444.5 mm)
32、 above the track.7.2 ConveyorThe conveyor shall be of heavy-duty con-struction, and of a suitable corrosion-resisting material. It shallbe designed to convey racks through the dishwasher automati-cally. See Specification F861.7.3 Piping, Tubing, Fittings, and Valves (Installation)Connections shall b
33、e readily accessible to facilitate installationand maintenance. Piping, tubing, and valves shall be located,whenever possible, on the exterior of the machine.7.4 Piping and FittingsWater and steam piping and fit-tings shall be of corrosion-resisting material. Fresh watersupply to the tank shall be d
34、ischarged not lower than 2 in. (50.8mm) above the maximum flood level rim, or an effective airgap or vacuum breaker shall be installed to prevent backflow.Backflow protection shall be in accordance with ASSE No.F859 0921004. The drain and other plumbing connections shall bestandard pipe or tubing co
35、nnections. Drainage piping shall becorrosion-resisting material, or suitable heat-resisting plastictubing with fittings. Drains may be joined into a single trunkline requiring only one connection or arranged to permitindividual connections to the waste line.7.5 ValvesSteam valves shall be corrosion-
36、resisting ma-terial designed for steam applications and for a saturated steamworking pressure of 50 psi (345 kPa). When specified, aseparately packed service supply valve shall be provided forclosing the supply of water to the dishwasher. The drain valveshall be permanently marked to show “open” and
37、 “closed”position and shall be lever-operated or wheel-operated, rug-gedly designed for foot or hand operation except when drainvalve closure is automatic. Fresh water rinse valves shall bereliable and fully automatic and suitable for 210F (98.9C)water. The manually operated valves, when used, shall
38、 beidentified.7.6 Spray AssembliesAll spray nozzles and spray armmanifolds shall be corrosion-resisting materials. All sprayassemblies shall be removable without the use of tools andshall be easy to clean. Final sanitizing rinse spray assemblies orcomponents, or both, shall be removable for deliming
39、, descal-ing, and similar maintenance.7.7 TankThe tank shall be constructed of not less than0.050 in. (1.3 mm) thick corrosion-resistant steel, Type 302, inaccordance with Specification A167, or other corrosion-resisting material.7.8 OverflowThe dishwashers shall have a readily acces-sible overflow
40、drain in the tank. The overflow unit, or cover,when provided, shall be readily removable for cleaning.7.9 Scrap Trays (Strainers)Scrap trays of corrosion-resistant steel, not less than 0.044 in. (1.1 mm) thick, or othercorrosion-resistant material shall be provided to prevent in-soluble matter and l
41、arge pieces of food residue from passinginto the tank. The ledges on which the scrap trays rest shall beso designed that surfaces beneath the ledges are easily acces-sible for cleaning when the trays are removed. Any openingaround or between scrap trays shall be held to a minimum, andas close as pra
42、ctical to the size of the scrap tray opening.7.10 Access Door(s)Access door(s) shall be provided forease of machine clean-out. The door(s) shall be constructed ofnot less than 0.044 in. (1.1 mm) of corrosion-resistant steel orother corrosion-resisting material, shall be rigid and stiffenedas necessa
43、ry. Door safety catch(s) shall be provided formaximum operator safety on sliding doors. Doors shall besplashproof and their exposed edges shall be smooth andformed to prevent canting or warping. One door assembly shallbe furnished for each tank. A common door may be furnishedfor adjacent tanks, if s
44、uch door is of sufficient width to providethe required access. Doors shall be provided with an interlockmechanism to prevent the spray of wash or rinse water whenthe door is opened.7.11 Legs (Feet)The machine shall be rigidly constructedand have four or more legs (feet) made of corrosion-resistantst
45、eel, or other corrosion-resisting material. Legs shall beadjustable, so that the height of the track may be varied from34 to 35 in. (863.6 to 889 mm) above the floor.7.12 Pump and Motor Assemblies:7.12.1 AssembliesThe pump and motor assembly shall bemounted on the tank or on a rigid steel base. Rota
46、ry seals shallbe provided for pump shafts and shall be removable forservicing.7.12.2 PumpPump casings shall be cast iron or corrosion-resisting material and shall have a removable cover or inspec-tion plate, or be of such a design as to permit ease ofaccessibility for inspection and removal of forei
47、gn items fromthe impeller and interior. The pump shall either be self-drainingor equipped with means for draining. The shaft shall be ofcorrosion-resistant steel, properly aligned and supported. Theimpeller shall be corrosion-resisting material or iron alloy andshall be in dynamic balance. The pump
48、shall have at least twoball or roller bearings, except that when the pump and motorare mounted on the same shaft, at least two ball or rollerbearings shall be provided for the motor and pump. The pumpsuction intake shall be provided with a corrosion-resistantstrainer or shroud.7.13 HeatingStyle 1, 2
49、, and 3 machines shall be capableof maintaining required temperature levels in the tanks.7.13.1 Style 1Style 1 machines shall be suitable foroperation with a steam supply flow pressure of from 20 to 35psi (137.9 to 241.3 kPa). Temperature regulators (thermostats)shall be provided for maintaining the proper water temperaturein the tanks. Low water protection shall be provided. Steamheat will be provided by tube type heat exchangers or steaminjectors, or a combination of both. Check valves or vacuumbreakers must be used on all injector-ty
