1、Designation: F 940 99 (Reapproved 2009)An American National StandardStandard Practice forQuality Control Receipt Inspection Procedures forProtective Coatings (Paint), Used in Marine Constructionand Shipbuilding1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 940; the number immediately followi
2、ng the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved
3、 for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This practice provides the quality control receipt inspec-tion procedures for protective coatings (paints) procured forend item use on ships and other marine structures. The practiceincludes methods and procedures for verifying that coati
4、ngmaterials received are within the range of physical andchemical characteristics as those originally specified andtested.1.2 This standard does not purport to address the safetyconcerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of theuser of this standard to consult and establish appropriat
5、esafety and health practices and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 185 Test Methods for Coarse Particles in PigmentsD 523 Test Method for Specular GlossD 562 Test Method for Consistency of Paints MeasuringKrebs Unit (KU) Vi
6、scosity Using a Stormer-Type Viscom-eterD 1200 Test Method for Viscosity by Ford Viscosity CupD 1210 Test Method for Fineness of Dispersion of Pigment-Vehicle Systems by Hegman-Type GageD 1308 Test Method for Effect of Household Chemicals onClear and Pigmented Organic FinishesD 1309 Test Method for
7、Settling Properties of Traffic PaintsDuring StorageD 1475 Test Method For Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks,and Related ProductsD 1640 Test Methods for Drying, Curing, or Film Forma-tion of Organic Coatings at Room TemperatureD 1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and ColorDifferences of Diff
8、usely-Illuminated Opaque MaterialsD 2196 Test Methods for Rheological Properties of Non-Newtonian Materials by Rotational (Brookfield type) Vis-cometerD 2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances andColor Differences from Instrumentally Measured ColorCoordinatesD 2369 Test Method for Volatile
9、 Content of CoatingsD 2621 Test Method for Infrared Identification of VehicleSolids From Solvent-Reducible PaintsD 2697 Test Method for Volume Nonvolatile Matter inClear or Pigmented CoatingsD 2698 Test Method for Determination of the PigmentContent of Solvent-Reducible Paints by High-Speed Cen-trif
10、ugingD 2805 Test Method for Hiding Power of Paints by Reflec-tometryD 2832 Guide for Determining Volatile and NonvolatileContent of Paint and Related CoatingsD 3278 Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by SmallScale Closed-Cup ApparatusD 3925 Practice for Sampling Liquid Paints and RelatedPigment
11、ed Coatings3. Terminology3.1 batcha manufacturing run. The industrial unit orquantity of production made in one complete operation. Thevolume or mass that constitutes a batch is flexible and varies1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships andMarine Technology and is the
12、 direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.01 onStructures.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published October 2009. Originallyapproved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as F 940 99(2005).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer
13、 Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.with the size of the plant and its faci
14、lities for converting theraw materials into the finished product.4. Summary of Practice4.1 Test requirements for identifying characteristics (physi-cal and chemical) of marine coatings are established. Receiptinspection tests are provided to assure that procured paints donot differ significantly fro
15、m the paints initially evaluated.5. Significance and Use5.1 This practice provides a means of assuring that productssupplied during ship construction and maintenance are substan-tially the same as the materials on which the original selectionwas based. The selection of a paint for shipboard use freq
16、uentlyinvolves laboratory and field evaluations of candidate materialsas part of the specification process. When a paint is selected, itshall have the same composition and characteristics throughoutthe delivery period as the materials originally evaluated.5.1.1 When significant changes in compositio
17、n or paintcharacteristics are observed, it is necessary to determine thecause of the change (production error or formulation change)and its impact on coating performance. Actions to take if aformulation change is required are specified in 6.5.5.2 This practice is not meant to cover all possible chem
18、icalor physical tests that may be used to identify a coating.Additional tests may be needed to meet specific user needs.5.3 This practice does not recommend specific tolerancelimits for the tests indicated. Tolerance values need to beagreed upon by the coating supplier, the shipbuilder, and theships
19、 owner.5.4 This practice does not establish critical attributes thatmust be controlled. These attributes are selected by theshipbuilder and the ships owner based on specific needs (forexample, colors).6. Procedures6.1 At the beginning of each contract, after protectivecoatings selection, the selecte
20、d material supplier(s) furnish thevalues for each property listed in Table 1 for each paintselected. This data shall include accept/reject tolerances. Thesetolerances shall then be reviewed and approved by the ship-builder.NOTE 1Other properties may be specified by the shipbuilder ifdeemed important
21、 due to the special service requirements of the coatings.6.2 The shipbuilder may retain a sample of each batch ofpaint received from the paint supplier (minimum sample size ofone pint). This retained sample shall be stored for futurereference formula verification.6.3 Each batch of protective coating
22、s (paint) received underthe contract shall, as a minimum, be sampled and tested inaccordance with the procedures listed in Table 2.6.4 The data collected on each batch of material tested inaccordance with 6.3 shall then be compared to the base linedata established in accordance with 6.1. Any varianc
23、e notwithin the approved tolerances shall be cause for rejection ofthe material. If the material complies with 6.3 but is consideredsuspect, the additional tests listed in Table 1 shall be per-formed. Any variance not within the approved tolerances shallalso be grounds for rejection.6.5 Once the mat
24、erial selection has been made against aproprietary formulation, the formulation shall not be changedunless approved by the coating supplier, shipbuilder andowner. If approved, the data furnished in 6.1 shall be updatedby the paint material supplier.TABLE 1 Initial Baseline Paint TestsNOTETest Method
25、s D 562, D 1200, and D 2196 can be used forconsistency measurements. Unless otherwise specified, any one of thesethree test methods may be used.Test Method Property MeasuredD 562 Consistency of paintsD 1200 Viscosity of paints, var-nishes, and lacquersD 1210 Fineness of dispersion ofpigment vehicle
26、systemsD 1475 Density of paint, varnish,lacquer, and related prod-uctsD 1640 Drying, curing, or film for-mation of organic coatingsD 2196 Rheological properties ofnon-Newtonian materialsD 2697 Volume nonvolatile matterin clear or pigmentedcoatingsD 2832 Nonvolatile content ofpaint and paint material
27、sTABLE 2 Routine Receipt Inspection TestsNOTETest Methods D 562, D 1200, and D 2196 can be used forconsistency measurements. Unless otherwise specified, any one of thesethree test methods may be used.Test Method Property MeasuredD 562 Consistency of paintsD 1200 Viscosity of paints, var-nishes, and
28、lacquersD 1210 Fineness of dispersion ofpigment vehicle systemsD 1475 Density of paint, varnish, lac-quer, and related productsD 1640 Drying, curing, or film forma-tion of organic coatingsD 2196 Rheological properties ofnon-Newtonian materialsF 940 99 (2009)2SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following s
29、upplementary requirements shall apply only when specified in the contract or order.S1. Quality AssuranceS1.1 Commercial usage quality assurance testing shall con-sist of the minimum designated tests of Table 1 and Table 2.Test requirements not covered by these tables shall be agreedupon by the shipb
30、uilder and the shipowner.S1.2 When specified in the contract or order, Table S1.1shall be substituted for Table 1 in 6.1 and Table S1.2 shall besubstituted for Table 2 in 6.3.S1.3 Quality assurance for paints procured for use on Navyships shall include all applicable tests of Table S1.1 and TableS1.
31、2.S1.4 Both commercial and Navy usage may require tests inaddition to those specified in Table 1, Table 2, Table S1.1, andTable S1.2. Typically, these tests will be required for specialservice conditions. Such test requirements, and the specific testprocedures must be specified in the contract or pu
32、rchase order.TABLE S1.1 Initial Baseline Paint TestsNOTETest Methods D 562, D 1200, and D 2196 can be used forconsistency measurements. Unless otherwise specified, any one of thesethree test methods may be used.Standard Property MeasuredD 185 Coarse particles in pig-ments, pastes, and paintsD 523 Sp
33、ecular glossD 562 Consistency of paintsD 1200 Viscosity of paints, var-nishes, and lacquersD 1210 Fineness of dispersion ofpigment vehicle systemsD 1308 Household chemicals onclear and pigmented or-ganic finishesD 1309 Settling properties of trafficpaintsD 1475 Density of paint, varnish,lacquer, and
34、 related prod-uctsD 1640 Drying, curing, or film for-mation of organic coatingsD 1729 Visual evaluation of colordifferences of opaque ma-terialsD 2196 Rheological properties ofnon-Newtonian materialsD 2244 Instrumental evaluation ofcolorD 2369 Volatile content of coatingsD 2621 Infrared identificati
35、on ofvehicle solidsD 2697 Volume nonvolatile matterin clear or pigmented coat-ingsD 2698 Pigment content ofsolvent-type paintsD 2805 Hiding power of paintsD 2832 Determining nonvolatilecontent of paint and paintmaterialsD 3278 Flash point of paints/enamels/lacquers/varnishesD 3925 Sampling liquid pa
36、ints andrelated pigmented coatingsF 940 99 (2009)3ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent right
37、s, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for r
38、evision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing y
39、ou shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may b
40、e obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).TABLE S1.2 Routine Receipt Inspection TestsNOTETest Methods D 562, D 1200, and D 2196 can be used forconsistency measurements. Unle
41、ss otherwise specified, any one of thesetest methods may be used.Standard Property MeasuredD 185 Coarse particles in pigments, pastesand paintsD 523 Specular glossD 562 Consistency of paintsD 1200 Viscosity of paints, varnishes, and lac-quersD 1210 Fineness of dispersion of pigment ve-hicle systemsD
42、 1475 Density of paint, varnish, lacquer, andrelated productsD 1640 Drying, curing, or film formation of or-ganic coatingsD 1729 Visual evaluation of color differencesof opaque materialsD 2196 Rheological properties of non-Newtonian materialsD 2369 Volatile content of coatingsD 2697 Volume nonvolati
43、le matter in clear orpigmented coatingsD 2698 Pigment content of solvent-type paintsD 2805 Hiding power of paintsD 2832 Determining nonvolatile content ofpaint and paint materialsD 3278 Flash point of paints/enamels/lacquers/varnishesD 3925 Sampling liquid paints and related pig-mented coatingsF 940 99 (2009)4
