1、Designation: F2111 01a (Reapproved 2017)Standard Practice forMeasuring Intergranular Attack or End Grain Pitting onMetals Caused by Aircraft Chemical Processes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2111; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal ad
2、option or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the procedures for testing andmeasuring intergran
3、ular attack (IGA) and end grain pitting onaircraft metals and alloys caused by maintenance or productionchemicals.1.2 The standard does not purport to address all qualifica-tion testing parameters, methods, critical testing, or criteria foraircraft production or maintenance chemical qualifications.S
4、pecific requirements and acceptance testing along with asso-ciated acceptance criteria shall be found where applicable inprocurement specifications, materials specifications, appropri-ate process specifications, or previously agreed upon specifi-cations.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be re
5、garded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and dete
6、rmine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendat
7、ions issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E3 Guide for Preparation of Metallographic SpecimensG1 Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluating Corro-sion Test SpecimensG15 Terminology Relating to Corrosion and
8、 Corrosion Test-ing (Withdrawn 2010)3G46 Guide for Examination and Evaluation of Pitting Cor-rosion2.2 ASME Standard:B46.1 Surface Texture (Surface Roughness, Waviness, andLay)43. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 longitudinal grain direction (L)the dimension par-al
9、lel to the rolling or extruded direction of the extrusion in theoriginal shape.3.1.2 long transverse (LT)the longest dimension perpen-dicular to the rolling or extruded direction of the extrusion inthe original shape.3.1.3 pita depression or cavity with a width to depth ratioof 6 to 1.3.1.4 short tr
10、ansverse (ST)the shortest dimension perpen-dicular to the rolling or extruded direction of the extrusion inthe original shape.3.1.5 surface roughness (Ra)filtered mean line in. (m)as defined in ASME B46.1, Surface Texture.4. Significance and Use4.1 If not properly qualified, chemicals and chemical p
11、ro-cesses can attack metals used during aircraft maintenance andproduction. It is important to qualify only processes andchemical formulas that do not have any deleterious effects onaircraft metallic skins, fittings, components, and structures.This test procedure is used to detect and measure interg
12、ranularattack or pitting depth caused by aircraft maintenance chemicalprocesses, hence, this test procedure is useful in selecting a1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F07 on Aerospaceand Aircraft and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F07.07 on Qualifica-tion Testin
13、g of Aircraft Cleaning Materials.Current edition approved June 1, 2017. Published July 2017. Originally approvedin 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as F2111 01a (2011). DOI:10.1520/F2111-01AR17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer
14、Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEIn
15、ternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles o
16、n standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1process that will not cause intergranular attack or end grainpitting on aircraft a
17、lloys.4.2 The purpose of this practice is to aid in the qualificationor process conformance testing or production of maintenancechemicals for use on aircraft.4.2.1 Actual aircraft processes in the production environ-ment shall give the most representative results; however, thetest results cannot be
18、completely evaluated with respect toambient conditions which normally vary from day to day.Additionally, when testing chemicals requiring dilutions, waterquality and composition can play a role in the corrosion ratesand mechanism affecting the results.4.2.2 Some examples of maintenance and productio
19、nchemicals include: organic solvents, paint strippers, cleaners,deoxidizers, water-based or semi-aqueous cleaners, or etchingsolutions and chemical milling solutions.5. Apparatus and Materials5.1 Metallurgical Microscope, capable of 500 or greatermagnification with scaled filar units in microscope e
20、yepiece.5.2 Metallurgical Polishing Wheel, capable of polishing testspecimen to a surface finish of 5-in. Raor finer.5.3 Noncorrosive Metallurgical Quality Polishing Media orCompound, capable of polishing test specimens to 5-in. Raorfiner.6. Test Specimens6.1 Unless otherwise specified, manufacture
21、test specimensas follows:6.1.1 Prepare at least one test specimen (or more whenspecified by applicable process specification) from plate, sheet,extrusion, or hand forging as illustrated in Fig. 1.6.1.2 Cut out metallurgical test specimen and polish Face Ato 0.812 m (32 in.) Raor preferably finer wit
22、h polish as givenin 5.3.7. Procedure7.1 Expose entire polished specimen through normal pro-duction or maintenance cycle. Use test temperatures andperiods of time representative of the highest usage temperatureand longest exposure times associated with the chemicalprocess. For conformance testing, pr
23、ocess specimens withrepresentative-like alloy parts through all operations includingprecleaning, post rinsing, and so forth, for the time necessary toremove the amount of metal specified by process or to achieveprocess specified cleanliness.7.2 For chemicals normally used at room temperature forperi
24、ods of less than 8 h, use 40.6 6 1C (105 6 1.8F) for anexposure time of 24 h.7.2.1 A range of conditions shall be used over which theprocess is expected to operate. For example, if the process willbe used from 10 to 37.8C (50 to 100F), data points shall begenerated from 10 to 37.8C (50 to 100F) for
25、completeness.7.3 If required, clean specimen by removing corrosionproducts in accordance with Practice G1. An ideal procedureshould remove only corrosion products and not result in theremoval of any base metal.7.4 After exposing the test specimens to the required timesand temperatures, clean and mou
26、nt metallurgical test specimenas illustrated in Fig. 2 in accordance with Practice E3.7.5 After mounting, metallurgical polish to a surface rough-ness of 0.127-m (5-in.) Raor finer.7.6 Metallurgical Evaluation of Polished Test Specimens:FIG. 1 Test SpecimenF2111 01a (2017)27.6.1 Unless otherwise spe
27、cified, observe the entire surfaceof FaceAof the test specimen under 100 to 500 magnificationfor end grain pitting and intergranular attack.7.6.1.1 Measure maximum width and depth of pit as illus-trated in Fig. 3.7.6.1.2 Measure maximum length of intergranular attackstarting from the surface of the
28、metal into the bulk material inthe grain direction as illustrated in Fig. 3.7.6.1.3 Guide G46 is permitted to be used as an alternatemethod to evaluate pitting only.7.6.2 See Terminology G15 for definitions of terminologyrelating to corrosion and corrosion testing as a guidancedocument.8. Report8.1
29、Report the following information:8.1.1 Contents of test report,8.1.1.1 Description of chemical tested (examples: partnumber, formula, MSDS, or other manufacturers identificationnumber, and so forth),8.1.2 Manufacturer of chemical,8.1.3 Batch number or lot number,8.1.4 Date of manufacture,8.1.5 Dilut
30、ion ratio (if applicable),8.1.6 Test alloy and material specification (metallurgicalheat number is optional),FIG. 2 Mounted SpecimenFIG. 3 Maximum Width and Depth of PitF2111 01a (2017)38.1.7 Exposure method (examples: immersion, dip andhang, brush, spray, or other),8.1.8 Exposure temperature C (F),
31、8.1.9 Exposure period (seconds, minutes, hours, or days),8.1.10 Measured maximum pit depth and magnification,8.1.11 Measured width of maximum pit and magnification,8.1.12 Measured length of maximum intergranular corro-sion and magnification,8.1.13 Signature of test engineer and date,8.1.14 Approval
32、signature of laboratory supervisor or man-ager and date,8.1.15 Date tested, and8.1.16 Qualification document for conformance testing (ifapplicable) (examples: material specifications, processspecifications, procurement specifications).9. Keywords9.1 aircraft maintenance chemicals; end grain pitting;
33、 inter-granular attack; metallographic inspection; pit; pitting corro-sion; pitting depthASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination o
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36、ents have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or
37、multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 01a (2017)4
