1、Designation: F2160 16Standard Specification forSolid Wall High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Conduit Basedon Controlled Outside Diameter (OD)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2160; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the ca
2、se of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers material, dimensional, work-manship and performance requirement
3、s for polyethyleneconduit, duct and innerduct manufactured for use in a non-pressure applications for the protection of fiber optic and powercables. Applications include telecom, SCADA command andcontrol, highway lighting, ITS (Intelligent Transportation Sys-tems) and Underground Utilities with PE c
4、onduit installedusing methods such as Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD),plowing and open trench.1.2 HDPE conduit meeting the requirements of this standardshall be made as OD or ID controlled solid wall, with orwithout internal or external ribs in IPS types SDR 9, SDR 11,SDR 13.5, DR 15.5, Schedu
5、le 40, Schedule 80 and “True-sized” and SIDR dimensions. The internal or external surfacemay contain a coextruded layer provided the finished conduitmeets the product requirements of this specification.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in paren
6、theses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 6, of this specification. Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,i
7、f any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory require-ments prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Tes
8、tingD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-alsD792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD1238 Test Method for Melt Flo
9、w Rates of Thermoplasticsby Extrusion PlastometerD1505 Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-Gradient TechniqueD1600 Terminology forAbbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-ticsD1693 Test Method for Environmental Stress-Cracking ofEthylene PlasticsD2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions
10、of Ther-moplastic Pipe and FittingsD2412 Test Method for Determination of External LoadingCharacteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate LoadingD2444 Test Method for Determination of the Impact Resis-tance of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of aTup (Falling Weight)D2837 Test Method for O
11、btaining Hydrostatic Design Basisfor Thermoplastic Pipe Materials or Pressure Design Basisfor Thermoplastic Pipe ProductsD3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe and Fit-tings MaterialsD4883 Test Method for Density of Polyethylene by theUltrasound TechniqueF412 Terminology Relating to Plas
12、tic Piping SystemsF1473 Test Method for Notch Tensile Test to Measure theResistance to Slow Crack Growth of Polyethylene Pipesand Resins3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsGeneral terms used in this Specification areas defined in Terminology F412, and abbreviations are inaccordance with Terminology D1600,
13、unless otherwise speci-fied.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 CATV, ncable television.3.2.2 conduit (duct), na tubular raceway for carryingpower, communications, or other wires and cables1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Syste
14、ms and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.26 on OlefinBased Pipe.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2016. Published December 2016. Originallyapproved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as F216010. DOI:10.1520/F2160-16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, w
15、ww.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive,
16、PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
17、 by the World Trade Organiziation Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.13.2.3 innerduct, na conduit installed inside a conduit.3.2.4 kink, na crease across the conduit where it hasfolded from excessive bending.3.2.5 ribs, na series of ridges along the inside or outsidesurface of a conduit.3.2
18、.6 true size, ndenotes the use of a sizing system thatrequires a nominal inside diameter to be the equal or greaterthan the stated nominal size of the conduit (that is, a 114 in.conduit has a minimum ID of 1.25 in.).3.2.7 SCADA, n(Supervisory control and data acquisition)use of fiber optic to, for e
19、xample, control gates for pipelines.4. Materials4.1 PE compound shall meet Specification D3350 require-ments and be classified in accordance with SpecificationD3350 with a minimum cell classification of PE334480C orPE334480E. Higher classification values for the first four cellsand the sixth cell sh
20、all be acceptable. The classification valuefor the fifth cell shall be 8 in accordance with 4.2.4.1.1 Rework MaterialClean polyethylene compoundfrom the manufacturers own production may be re-extrudedinto conduit, either alone or blended with virgin compound.Conduit containing the rework material sh
21、all meet all thematerial and product requirements of this specification.4.2 Slow Crack GrowthThe minimum specified ESCRcell class 8 requirement is F10 96 h per Test Method D1693,condition B, 10 % Igepal.Alternatively, slow crack growth cellclassification per Specification D3350 of 4 or higher is acc
22、ept-able in meeting this requirement4.3 Coextruded LayerAny material used as a coextrudedlayer on the inside or outside surface of the PE conduit shalladhere to the surface of the PE and shall not delaminate innormal use. It shall not degrade or lower the performance ofthe PE conduit.4.4 Aerial Appl
23、icationsPE material for black conduit inlong-term above ground applications, such as aerialsuspension, shall be stabilized with a minimum of 24 % byweight carbon black having an average particle size less than orequal to 20 nanometers.4.5 Outdoor Storage Stability:NOTE 1Acceptable cell for Color and
24、 UV resistance properties inTable 1 may be achieved by utilizing a precompounded material or byblending a base natural material with a color concentrate.4.5.1 Colored ConduitPE material for colored (blackincluded) conduit in non-UV exposed applications shall besuitably protected against UV degradati
25、on so that conduit maybe stored outside and uncovered for a period of not less thanone year. Permanent color identification shall be permitted tobe as solid color, as stripes, as a co-extruded skin, or acombination of these. If stripes are specified, a minimum of 3stripes equally spaced around the c
26、ircumference shall berequired, to aid in the identification of the conduit. Coloredconduit shall maintain its color for a period of 1 year whenstored outside, or as otherwise agreed to by the specifier andproducer.4.5.1.1 Solid yellow or black with yellow stripes shall notbe used for identification
27、of conduit due to risk of misidenti-fication with gas pipe.5. Requirements5.1 WorkmanshipEach layer of the conduit shall be ho-mogeneous throughout and essentially uniform in color,opacity, density and other properties. The inside and outsidesurfaces shall be free of visible cracks, holes, blisters,
28、 voids,foreign inclusions, or other deleterious defects.5.2 Dimensions and Tolerances:5.2.1 Outside DiametersThe outside diameters and toler-ances shall be as shown in Table 1 for IPS SDR and Schedule40 and 80 sizes, Table 2 for “true” sizing, and Table 3 for SIDRsized conduit, when measured in acco
29、rdance with Test MethodD2122.5.2.2 Wall ThicknessThe wall thicknesses and tolerancesshall be as shown in Table 4 for IPS sizes, Schedule 40 and 80and Table 2 for “True-sized” PE conduit, and Table 3 for SIDRsized Conduit when measured in accordance with Test MethodD2122.5.2.3 Special SizesWhen mutua
30、lly agreeable between themanufacturer and the purchaser, other sizes and wall thick-nesses shall be acceptable. The tolerance on outside diametershall be 6 0.5 percent of the nominal outside diameter. Thelowest permissible wall thickness for any conduit outsidediameter shall be 0.062 in. (1.57 mm).
31、For wall thicknesses notlisted, the tolerances shall be the same percentage of thecalculated minimum wall thickness as the closest listed mini-mum wall thickness.5.2.4 Ribbed ConduitConduit shall be permitted to con-tain either (a) spiral or oscillating spiral HDPE ribs inside ofthe conduit or (b) l
32、ongitudinal ribs on the inside and/or outsideof the conduit. The inside diameter of the conduit relative tothis specification shall be measured between the ribs. Forinternally ribbed conduit, the manufacturer shall provide themaximum inside diameter and tolerance that can be circum-scribed within th
33、e internal rib projections. For externallyribbed conduit, the manufacturer shall provide the minimumoutside diameter and tolerance that circumscribes the externalrib projections.TABLE 1 Outside Diameter and Tolerance for PE Conduit, IPSSDR 9, SDR 11, SDR 13.5, DR 15.5, Schedule 40 and Schedule 80Nom
34、inalSize, in.Outside Diameter Tolerancein. (mm) in. (mm)12 0.840 (21.34) 0.004 ( 0.11)34 1.050 (26.67) 0.005 ( 0.13)1 1.315 (33.40) 0.007 ( 0.17)114 1.660 (42.16) 0.008 ( 0.21)112 1.900 (48.26) 0.010 ( 0.24)2 2.375 (60.33) 0.012 ( 0.30)212 2.875 (73.03) 0.014 ( 0.37)3 3.500 (88.90) 0.018 ( 0.44)4 4.
35、500 (114.30) 0.023 ( 0.57)5 5.563 (141.30) 0.028 ( 0.71)6 6.625 (168.28) 0.033 ( 0.84)8 8.625 (219.08) 0.043 ( 1.10)10 10.750 (273.05) 0.054 ( 1.37)12 12.750 (323.85) 0.064 ( 1.62)F2160 1625.2.5 Friction ReductionInternal lubrication or a coex-truded layer on the inner wall of conduit for reducing f
36、rictionalresistance shall be permitted. Lubrication materials shall becompatible with the conduit and any cable jacketing.5.2.6 Toe-InWhen measured in accordance with 5.2.1, theoutside diameter at the cut end of the conduit shall not be morethan 1.5 % smaller than the outside diameter per 5.2.1. Out
37、sidediameter measurement shall be made no closer than 1.5 pipediameters or 11.8 in. (300 mm), whichever distance is less,from the cut end of the conduit.5.2.7 OvalityThe ovality (cross section) of 2 in. IPS andsmaller conduit shall not exceed 7 % when measured inaccordance with 6.4. Coiled conduit l
38、arger than 2 in. IPSthrough 3 in. IPS shall not exceed 10 % when measured inaccordance with 6.4. Kinks in a coil shall not be acceptable.NOTE 2 Deformations due to packaging requirements, when withinfive (5) ft. of the ends of coiled products, should not be considered.Conduit with deformation as not
39、ed above should not be utilized.NOTE 3Ovality is a packaging condition that occurs when roundableconduit is wound into a coil. Conduit flattens out as it is coiled. Largerdiameter conduit may have significant ovality, for example, the inner coillayers of 6 in. IPS coiled conduit may have 20 % or mor
40、e ovality. Ovalityis corrected when joining equipment is applied to roundable conduit, or byfield processing roundable conduit through re-rounding and straighteningequipment during installation.5.2.7.1 Ovality measurements of coiled conduit shall bemade on a sample cut from the end of the coil or re
41、el, and incase of disagreement, conditioned per 6.1.5.2.7.2 If ovality greater than 10 % for coiled conduit largerthan 3 in. IPS is unsuitable for a particular application, thecoiled conduit shall be processed by the installer throughre-rounding equipment that corrects ovality to 10 % or less.5.3 Te
42、st PerformanceAll specimens shall be measuredbefore testing in accordance with Test Method D2122 and shallmeet all the required dimensions and tolerances for the conduittype being manufactured. Except for 5.3.2, all measurementsand tests shall be conducted at 73 6 3.6F (23 6 2C).5.3.1 Elongation at
43、BreakWhen tested in accordance with6.2, the minimum elongation at break shall be 400 %.5.3.2 ImpactThe conduit shall not fail when three speci-men are tested at the low-temperature condition of -4F(-20C), in accordance with 6.3 6.3.2 or if one out of threespecimen fails, then a retest of three addit
44、ional specimen shallresult in no failures.5.4 Outdoor Storage StabilityColored conduit intendedfor non-UV exposed application and stored outside and uncov-ered for more than one year from date of manufacture shallmeet the requirements of this specification.5.5 Pipe Stiffness, Compression and Recover
45、ySpecimensshall achieve the minimum loads given in Table 5, Table 6, andTable 7 at 5% deflection when tested in accordance with 6.5.Inaddition, during compression and recovery testing specimensshall not split or crack, when tested in accordance with 6.6.NOTE 4The minimum values for Pipe Stiffness (P
46、S) are calculatedusing the minimum allowable flexural modulus specified of 80,000 psi.The calculated values are derived as outlined in Appendix X2 of TestMethod D2412. The minimum values shown for (LbsF) force arecalculated based on the test requirements of 5% deflection of the averageID at a deflec
47、tion rate of 0.5 in/minute on a sample six inches long fromthe minimum PS values.6. Test Methods6.1 ConditioningCondition the test specimens at test tem-perature for not less than 40 h prior to test in accordance withprocedure A of Practice D618, for those tests where condition-ing is required. Requ
48、irements for humidity are excluded.NOTE 5These conditioning requirements are only for product quali-fication or certification testingnot for manufacturing quality assurancepurposes.6.2 Elongation at BreakSpecimens shall be die cut ormachined from the wall of the conduit parallel to the extrusiondire
49、ction. Testing shall be performed in accordance withSpecification D3350 for tensile properties (that is in accor-dance with Test Method D638 at a strain rate or cross-headseparation rate of 2 in./min). If sample thickness of thespecimen must be reduced by milling in order to meet testspecimen dimensional requirements, the inside surface of theconduit shall be left unaltered.6.3 ImpactTest specimens at a temperature of -4F(-20C).6.3.1 Low-Temperature TestTest three specimens of eachNominal S
