1、Designation: F 2176 02An American National StandardStandard Specification forMechanical Couplings Used on Polyethylene Conduit, Ductand Innerduct1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2176; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in
2、 the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes requirements for material,performance, workmanship
3、and test methods for the qualifica-tion of 2 in. and smaller mechanical couplings that connect toDR 15.5 and lower polyethylene conduit, duct and innerductcovered by Specification F 2160. Throughout this standard,“conduit” refers to “conduit, duct or innerduct” manufacturedin accordance with Specifi
4、cation F 2160.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units which are provided for informationonly and are not considered standard.1.3 The couplings covered by this specification are typicallydesigned
5、to join between conduit ends (in-line coupling). Thesame coupling-to-conduit joint design may be used as a part ofother coupling joint designs that telescope, or connect tobulkheads, or other adapter fitting designs. The requirements ofthis standard apply only to the coupling-to-conduit jointdesign.
6、 The performance requirements of other coupling jointdesigns are not a part of this standard.1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 9 of this specification. Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with
7、its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory require-ments prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 638 Test Methods for Tensile Properties of Plastics2D 1600 Terminolog
8、y Relating to Abbreviations, Acronymsand Codes for Terms Relating to Plastics2D 2444 Test Method for Impact Resistance of Thermoplas-tic Pipe and Fittings2F 412 Terminology Related to Plastic Piping Systems2F 2160 Specification for Solid Wall (PE) Conduit (DR)Based on Outside Diameter (OD)23. Termin
9、ology3.1 Definitions are in accordance with Terminology F 412and abbreviations are in accordance with Terminology D 1600,unless otherwise specified.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 coupling joint, nthe connection between the cou-pling and a conduit end.3.2.2 duct, na conduit
10、(see Terminology F 412, conduit).3.2.3 inline mechanical couplings, na device used to jointwo conduit ends.3.2.4 innerduct, na conduit installed inside a conduit.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 The physical properties of each material used to producemechanical couplings shall be available from the c
11、ouplingmanufacturer upon request.4.2 Specifications outlining all the physical properties andeffects of environmental conditions for materials of manufac-ture shall be available from the coupling manufacturer uponrequest.NOTE 1Materials should have a demonstrated resistance to environ-mental stress
12、cracking when exposed, under stress, to chemical com-pounds encountered in or external to conduit systems and a demonstratedresistance to bacteriological decomposition. Such compounds include, butare not limited to, alkalines, fertilizers, ice thawing chemicals, insecti-cides, herbicides, and acids.
13、5. Performance Requirements5.1 The following requirements shall be met on each cou-pling design and nominal size. Any revisions by the manufac-turer to the original coupling design after the initial qualifica-tion testing requires retesting to ensure conformance with theserequirements.NOTE 2It is pe
14、rmissible when accomplishing these tests to do so ononly the thickest and thinnest (lowest and highest DR) conduit wallsections in Specification F 2160 that the coupling is to be used on. If inthose tests all performance requirements are met, all wall thicknessesbetween those tested may be considere
15、d as having met the requirements.5.2 Pressure Requirements:1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.10 on Fittings.Current edition approved April 10, 2002. Published June 2002.2Annual Book of AST
16、M Standards,Vol1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.2.1 Sustained Internal PressureThe coupling/conduitjoint shall not fail by leakage as described by and tested inaccordance with 9.1.5.2.2 Sustained External PressureThe
17、 coupling/conduitjoint shall not fail by leakage as described by and tested inaccordance with 9.2.5.3 Tensile Strength Requirements:5.3.1 Pullout ResistanceThe coupling/conduit joint as-semblies tested shall be able to comply with tensile loadingrequirements in Table 1 when tested in accordance with
18、 9.3.NOTE 3Minimum pullout resistances in Table 1 were derived by thefollowing formula. Double the requirements for constant tensile load inTable 2.5.4 Constant Tensile LoadThe joint or coupling shall notfail by pullout when loaded to axial tensile load requirementsin Table 2 and tested in accordanc
19、e with 9.4.NOTE 4The constant tensile load test is intended to demonstrate thata joint in the conduit system is resistant to the effects of long term creepthat may result from temperature changes and other forces after installa-tion. Load values in Table 2 were derived by the following methodology.N
20、ominal modulus of elasticity of high density polyethylene (113 000 psi)3 coefficient of thermal expansion (0.00011 in./in./F) 3 50F (10C)temperature change 3 average area of DR11 conduit wall.5.5 Impact ResistanceThe coupling shall not fail as de-fined by and tested in accordance with 9.5.6. Dimensi
21、ons6.1 The manufacturer, upon request of the user shall furnishcritical dimensions and tolerances of his couplings.NOTE 5Because of the varied fitting designs of couplings availablefor use on PE conduit a table of dimensions would be meaningless andwithout value and is therefore omitted from this st
22、andard.7. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance7.1 The manufacture of these couplings shall be in accor-dance with good commercial practice, uniform in color andfree of visual defects such as burrs, cracks, holes, foreignmaterials or voids so as to produce fittings meeting therequirements of this stand
23、ard.8. Specimen Preparation8.1 Conditioning:8.1.1 Unless otherwise specified, condition the specimens(coupling and conduit) at the standard laboratory temperatureof 73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C) for not less than 16 h beforeassembly.8.2 Preparation of Specimens for Testing:8.2.1 Prepare test specimens so th
24、at the minimum freelength of conduit from a joint being tested is not less than fivetimes the conduit diameter. It is permissible to test multiplecouplings together provided they are separated by a minimumdistance equal to five times the conduit diameter.8.2.2 Test joints shall be assembled on the a
25、ppropriate sizeconduit in accordance with the fitting manufacturers joiningprocedure. For referee testing, conduit shall be straight with noscratches or gouges.8.2.3 Condition assembled test specimens a minimum of 2 hat the test temperature to be used after being assembled beforeinitiating test proc
26、edure.NOTE 6The additional conditioning time following assembly oftypical fitting designs used for conduit joining provides more consistenttest results.8.3 Test ConditionsTesting shall be conducted at thestandard laboratory temperature of 73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C)unless otherwise specified.9. Test Metho
27、ds9.1 Sustained Internal Pressure Test:9.1.1 Test six joints assembled in accordance with 8.2.Pressurize specimens with air to 150 6 2 psig (1030 6 10 kPa)and hold at pressure while top of fitting is submerged in waterat a depth of 6.00 6 0.50 in. (152.4 6 12.7 mm) for one hour.Then, visually monito
28、r the specimens. The coupling shall notfail by leaking as defined by visual bubbles coming from thecoupling/conduit interface at a rate greater than one bubble persecond.NOTE 7Warning: Pressure testing with air at the pressures in 9.1.1can be hazardous in the event of a catastrophic failure of the t
29、est specimen.Specimens under pressure should be observed through a transparent shieldor other means to assure the safety of the observers.9.1.2 Failure of two of the six specimens shall constitutefailure of the test. Failure of one of the six specimens tested iscause for retest of six additional spe
30、cimens. Failure of one ofthe six specimens in the re-test shall constitute failure of thetest.9.2 Sustained External Pressure Test:9.2.1 Test six joints assembled in accordance with 8.2.Externally pressurize the specimen utilizing a suitable pressurevessel. Pressurize the vessel with water to 10 psi
31、 (69 kPa) andmonitor for leakage for 1000 h. Leakage of water into theconduit constitutes failure of the joint.NOTE 8It is permissible rather than the external test as described in9.2.1 to draw a vacuum on the test specimens while submerged in waterat a depth of not more than 6 in. (152.4 mm).9.2.2
32、Failure of two of the six specimens tested shallconstitute failure of the test. Failure of one of the six specimensTABLE 1 Mechanical Joint Pullout ResistanceNominal ConduitSizeMinimum PulloutResistance34 IPS 380 lbs (172 kg)1 IPS 760 lbs (345 kg)114 IPS 940 lbs (426 kg)112 IPS 1220 lbs (553 kg)2 IP
33、S 1920 lbs (871 kg)TABLE 2 Mechanical Joint Constant Load ResistanceNominal ConduitSizeMinimum PulloutResistance34 IPS 190 lbs (86.2 kg)1 IPS 380 lbs (172.4 kg)114 IPS 470 lbs (213.2 kg)112 IPS 610 lbs (276.7 kg)2 IPS 960 lbs (435.5 kg)F2176022tested is cause for re-test of six additional specimens.
34、 Failure ofone of the six specimens in re-test shall constitute failure of thetest.9.3 Tensile Strength Test:9.3.1 In-line couplings shall be tested with the apparatusspecified in Test Method D 638.9.3.2 Test six joint specimens assembled in accordance with8.2. The speed of the testing shall be 0.2
35、in./min (5.0 mm/min)625 %. The joint design fails if the minimum load require-ments specified in Table 1 are not reached.9.3.3 Failure of two of the six specimens tested shallconstitute failure of the test. Failure of one of the six specimenstested to achieve the minimum load specified in Table 1 is
36、cause for re-test of six additional specimens. Failure of one ofthe six additional specimens to achieve the minimum load inthe re-test shall constitute failure of the test.9.4 Constant Tensile Load Test:9.4.1 One specimen of each nominal pipe size couplingshall be tested by application of axial in l
37、ine loading to thevalues stated in Table 2 for a minimum time period of 1000 h.NOTE 9Any loading method that maintains the correct, in-line tensileload on the joint for the required duration is acceptable. Dead weight (apile of scrap iron or steel) has worked well for loads up to 2000 lbs (907kg).9.
38、4.2 Conduit pull out of the coupling specimen before thetest time is completed constitutes failure of the test.9.5 Impact Test:9.5.1 Select six specimens at random and condition infreezer at 10 6 5F (-12.2 6 2C) for not less than 16 h.9.5.2 Remove the specimens from the freezer one at a timeand impa
39、ct with a force of 20 ft-lbf using Tup “B” as describedin Test Method D 2444.9.5.3 Visually inspect each specimen after impact test forfailure. Failure is defined as shattering or any crack or splitcreated by the impact that can be seen with the naked eye.9.5.4 Failure of two of the six specimens te
40、sted shallconstitute failure of the test. Failure of one of the six specimenstested is cause for retest of six additional specimens. Failure ofone of the six additional specimens in retest shall constitutefailure of the test.10. Product Marking10.1 The coupling shall be marked with the followinginfo
41、rmation. Required markings shall remain legible undernormal handling up to the time of installation.10.1.1 Manufacturers name or trademark.10.1.2 Size of the conduit suitable for joining by thecoupling.10.1.3 This designation, Specification F 2176.11. Insatllation Instructions11.1 Manufacturers inst
42、allation instructions shall be sup-plied with the coupling packaging.12. Quality Assurance12.1 When the product is marked with this designation,Specification F 2176, the manufacturer affirms that the productwas manufactured, inspected, sampled and tested in accor-dance with this specification and ha
43、s been found to meet therequirements of this specification.13. Keywords13.1 conduit; duct; innerduct; mechanical fittingASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are express
44、ly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised,
45、either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may att
46、end. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F2176023
