1、Designation: F 2231 02e1An American National StandardStandard Test Method forCharpy Impact Test on Thin Specimens of PolyethyleneUsed in Pressurized Pipes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2231; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adopti
2、on or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.e1NOTEEditorial corrections were made throughout in July 2003.1. Scope1.1 This test m
3、ethod describes the specimen preparation andthe method of measuring the impact energy of polyethyleneused in pressurized pipes.1.2 The test specimens are taken from compression moldedplaques of the resin from pellets or pipe.1.3 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regardedas standard. No ot
4、her units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility
5、of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 6110 Test Method for Determining the Charpy ImpactResistance2F 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems32.2 ISO Standard:ISO 13477 Small Scale Steady State S-4 Test43. Terminology3.1 ultimate critical temper
6、ature, (CT), for RCP in a pres-surized pipe, the temperature above which RCP is not possibleat any pressure based on ISO 13477.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The Charpy specimen is 3 mm thick and taken from acompression-molded plaque of the resin. The specimen isnotched precisely with a razor blade an
7、d tested between 19 Cand 27C.5. Significance and Use5.1 Brown and Lu5,6show the Charpy impact energy isrelated to the ultimate critical temperature of the rapid crackpropagation RCP behavior as measured by the ISO 13477,S-4 test.75.2 The test method may be used to determine the impactenergy of polye
8、thylene used in the manufacture of pipe . Thistest method involves the preparation of a small compressionmolded specimen of PE resin that is then notched in a specifiedmanner. The specimen is then broken in a pendulum impactmachine. The impact energy is recorded in joules. The valueobtained is refer
9、red to as the Charpy impact energy.6. Apparatus6.1 Impact Tester, with input energy of 1 to 3 J and impactvelocity of about 3.0 s. The energy loss shall be measuredwith a precision of 6 0.004 J.6.2 Notching Machine, shall be capable of notching with arazor blade with a precision of 6 0.01 mm and pre
10、ssing therazor blade into the specimen.6.3 Details concerning pendulum impact machines are inTest Method D6110section on Apparatus.7. Test Specimen7.1 The specimen is machined from the compressionmolded plaque of the resin. The resin may come from pellets orfrom sections taken from a pipe.7.2 The sp
11、ecimen geometry is shown in Fig. 1.7.3 The dimension tolerances are as follows: thickness = 36 0.2 mm; width = 10 6 0.2 mm; length = 80 6 1 mm; notchdepth = 2.50 6 0.02 mm. The notch is centered within adistance of 40 6 0.5 mm from the end.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committe
12、e F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.40 on TestMethods.Current edition approved Dec. 10, 2002. Published July 2003.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.03.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.04.4Available from American National Standards Institute
13、(ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.5Brown, N. and Lu, X., “Dependence of Rapid Crack Propagation in PE Pipeson the Plane Stress Fracture Energy of the Resin,”Polymer Engineering and Science, Vol 41, 2001, p. 1140.6Brown, N. and Lu, X., “A Simple Test to Prevent Rapid Crack Propagat
14、ion,”Plastic Pipes XI, Munich, 2001, p. 583.7The critical temperature is also related to the dimensions of the pipe.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.8. Preparation of the Compression Molded Plaque8.1 After the resin is
15、 heated to 140 to 160C, apply andremove the pressure three times. Increase the temperature to170 to 190C for 10 to 15 min without pressure. Then applyand remove the pressure three times. The specific temperaturesthat are used depend on the melt index, a higher temperaturefor a lower melt index. The
16、purpose of applying and removinghe pressure is to eliminate voids. Turn off the heat and applypressure. The time to cool between 130 and 190C shall begreater than 80 min. Alternatively the time to cool from themolding temperature to room temperature shall be greater than5 h. During cooling the press
17、ure is allowed to decreasenaturally.9. Procedure9.1 The span of the specimen on the impact machine shallbe 40 6 0.5 mm.9.2 The fracture energy shall be less than 85 % of the inputenergy. Choose the minimum input energy that satisfies thisrequirement.9.3 The pendulum impact machine shall be rigidly f
18、ixed inaccordance with Test Method D6110.9.4 The test temperature shall be between 19 and 27C, butthe impact testing of all specimens shall be conducted within arange of 6 0.5C.9.5 The notch shall be in the center of the span.9.6 Follow Test Method D6110section 10.2 on MachinePreparation, and the se
19、ctions 10.3.2 to 10.3.4 on SpecimenTesting.10. Test Results10.1 Test five specimens. Calculate the average value andthe standard deviation. Note intralaboratory repeatability is5.0% according to the precision statement in 12.1.11. Report11.1 Report the following information:11.1.1 Identify the resin
20、 by manufacturer, type, and grade,11.1.2 Thickness, width, and length of each specimen,11.1.3 Depth of notch,11.1.4 Impact energy of each specimen in joules,11.1.5 Average value and standard deviation of the energiesin joules, and11.1.6 Temperature at the impact machine.12. Precision and Bias812.1 P
21、recisionA round robin was conducted by 6 labora-tories on 3 gas pipe resins. The intralaboratory repeatability is5.0 %. The interlaboratory reproducibility is 16.2 %.12.2 BiasNo statement on bias can be made because thereis no established reference value.ASTM International takes no position respecti
22、ng the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This stand
23、ard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM Internation
24、al Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.T
25、his standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).8Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR:F17-1048.FIG. 1 Geometry of Impact SpecimenF223102e12
