1、Designation: F 2282 03Standard Specification forQuality Assurance Requirements for Carbon and Alloy SteelWire, Rods, and Bars for Mechanical Fasteners1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2282; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption o
2、r, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes quality assurance require-ments for the physic
3、al, mechanical, and metallurgical require-ments for carbon and alloy steel wire, rods, and bars in coilsintended for the manufacture of mechanical fasteners whichincludes: bolts, nuts, rivets, screws, washers, and special partsmanufactured cold.NOTE 1The Steel Industry uses the term “quality” to des
4、ignatecharacteristics of a material which make it particularly well suited to aspecific fabrication and/or application and does not imply “quality” in theusual sense.1.2 Wire size range includes 0.062 to 1.375 in.1.3 Rod size range usually includes732 in. (0.219) to4764 in.(0.734) and generally offe
5、red in164 increments (0.0156).1.4 Bar size range includes38 in. (0.375) to 112 in. (1.500).1.5 Sizes for wire, rod and bar outside the ranges ofparagraphs 1.2-1.4 may be ordered by agreement betweenpurchaser and supplier.1.6 Material is furnished in many application variations.The purchaser should a
6、dvise the supplier regarding the manu-facturing process and finished product application as appropri-ate. Five application variations are:Cold HeadingRecessed HeadSocket HeadScrapless NutTubular Rivet1.6.1 Wire is furnished for all five application variations.1.6.2 Rod and bar are furnished to the s
7、ingle applicationvariation; Cold Heading.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:A 29/A 29M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy,Hot-Wrought, and Cold-Finished, General Requirements2A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel Products2A 700 Practices for Packaging,
8、Marking and Loading Meth-ods for Steel Products for Domestic Shipment2A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology forChemical Analysis of Steel Products2E 4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines3E 10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materi-als3E 29 Practice for Using Si
9、gnificant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications4E 112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size3E 381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,Blooms, and Forgings3E 407 Practice for Microetching Metals and Alloys3E 1077 Test Methods for Estimating the Depth of
10、 Decar-burization of Steel Specimens3F 1470 Guide for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechani-cal Properties and Performance Inspection5F 1789 Terminology of F16 Mechanical Fasteners52.2 AIAG Standard:B-5 Primary Metals Tag Application Standard62.3 IFI Standard:IFI-140 Carbon and Alloy Steel Wire, R
11、ods, and Bars forMechanical Fasteners72.4 SAE Standards:J403 Chemical Compositions of SAE Carbon Steels8J404 Chemical Compositions of SAE Alloy Steels8J406 Methods of Determining Hardenability of Steels8J415 Definitions of Heat Treating Terms83. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 annealinga process of
12、 heating to and holding steelat a given temperature for a given time and then cooling at agiven rate, used to soften or produce changes, or both, in themicrostructure of the steel to enhance formability and reducetensile strength.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on
13、Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.93 on QualityAssurance Provisions for Fasteners.Current edition approved June 10, 2003. Published July 2003.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.5An
14、nual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.08.6Available from AIAG, 26200 Lahser Road, Suite 200, Southfield, MI 48034.7Available from IFI, 1717 E. 9th St., Suite 1105, Cleveland, OH 44114-2879.8Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 CommonwealthDr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.1Copyright
15、ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.2 barsproduced from hot rolled or cast billets orblooms rolled single strand into coils. Bars have a greaterprecision in cross section than rods. Size tolerances are in Table1. Bars are finish
16、ed as-rolled, annealed or spheroidize an-nealed, and in sizes included in 1.4.3.1.3 lapa longitudinal surface discontinuity extendinginto rod, bar, or wire caused by doubling over of metal duringhot rolling.3.1.4 lota quantity of raw material of one size and heatnumber submitted for testing at one t
17、ime.3.1.5 rodsproduced from hot rolled or cast billets, usuallyrolled in a multiple strand mill to a round cross section thencoiled into one continuous length to size tolerances shown inTable 2. Rods are furnished as-rolled, annealed, or spheroidizeannealed in sizes found in 1.3.3.1.6 seama longitud
18、inal discontinuity extending radiallyinto wire, rod, or bar. Seams in raw material used for themanufacture of fasteners or formed parts may lead to theformation of bursts.3.1.7 spheroidizinga form of annealing, involves pro-longed heating at temperatures near the lower critical tempera-ture, followe
19、d by slow cooling, with the object of formingspheroidal metallic carbides that allow a higher degree offormability.3.1.8 voida shallow pocket or hollow on the surface of thematerial.3.1.9 wireproduced from hot rolled or annealed rods orbars by cold drawing for the purpose of obtaining desired size,d
20、imensional accuracy, surface finish, and mechanical proper-ties. Wire is furnished in the following conditions: direct drawn(DD); drawn from annealed rod or bar (DFAR or DFAB);drawn from spheroidized annealed rod or bar (DFSR orDFSB); drawn to size and spheroidized (SAFS); drawn,annealed in process,
21、 and finally lightly drawn to size (AIP);and drawn, spheroidize annealed in process, and finally lightlydrawn to size (SAIP). Wire size tolerances are shown in Table3. Sizes include those specified in 1.2.3.1.9.1 DiscussionSpheroidize annealed-at-finish sizewire (SAFS) is wire that has been spheroid
22、ize annealed afterfinal cold reduction. One or more annealing treatments mayprecede the final cold reduction.3.1.9.2 DiscussionAnnealed-in-Process (AIP) or Sphe-roidize Annealed-in-Process (SAIP) wire is produced as drawncarbon or alloy steel wire. In producing AIP and SAIP wire,rods or bars are dra
23、wn to wire and thermal treatment (followedby a separate cleaning and coating operation) is done prior tofinal drawing to produce a softer and more ductile wire forapplications in which direct drawn wire would be too hard.Thermal treatment may also be employed when controlledmechanical properties are
24、 required for a specific application.3.2 Heat treating terms not defined in this standard areincluded in Terminology F 1789 or SAE J415.4. Ordering Information4.1 Wire orders shall state the following:4.1.1 Quantity,4.1.2 Specification number and issue date,4.1.3 Diameter,4.1.4 Steel grade,4.1.5 Deo
25、xidation practice and grain size or refinementpractice (coarse or fine); see 5.3.1-5.3.5,4.1.6 Application variation per 1.6,4.1.7 Thermal treatment; see 5.5,4.1.8 Surface coating,4.1.9 Coil weight and dimensions as required,4.1.10 Packaging,4.1.11 Tagging,4.1.12 Mill certification as required,4.1.1
26、3 Special requirements, for example, steel makingmethod and practice, specific hardenability, special shippinginstructions, single heat, etc., and4.1.14 Example40 000 lb, ASTM F 2282, 0.250 in., car-bon steel wire, IFI-1022A, silicon killed coarse grain, RecessedHead, spheroidize annealed-in-process
27、, phosphate and lube,1500 lb coils, 28 in. coil i.d., on 18 in. tubular carriers, threebands per carrier, one metal tag per coil, mill certification, donot ship Fridays.4.2 Rod orders shall state the following:4.2.1 Quantity,4.2.2 Specification number and issue date,4.2.3 Diameter,4.2.4 Steel grade,
28、4.2.5 Deoxidation practice and grain size or refinementpractice (coarse or fine),4.2.6 Cold Heading,4.2.7 Thermal treatment,4.2.8 Surface coating,4.2.9 Coil weight and dimensions as required,4.2.10 Packaging,4.2.11 Tagging,4.2.12 Mill certifications as required,4.2.13 Special requirements, for examp
29、le, descaling prac-tice, steelmaking method and practice, specific hardenability,special shipping instructions, etc., andTABLE 1 Bar Size TolerancesFractionalDiameter, in.Diameter 6Tolerance, in.Out of Roundmax, in.716 to58 0.006 0.00958 to78 0.007 0.01178 to 1 0.008 0.0121 to 118 0.009 0.014118 to
30、114 0.010 0.015114 to 138 0.011 0.017138 to 112 0.013 0.020TABLE 2 Rod Size TolerancesDiameter,in.Diameter 6Tolerance, in.Out of Roundmax, in.732 to4764(0.219 to 0.734)0.012 0.018TABLE 3 Wire Size Tolerances and Out of RoundDiameter,in.Diameter 6Tolerance, in.Out of Roundmax, in. 0.076 0.0010 0.0010
31、0.076 0.500 0.0015 0.0015$ 0.500 0.0020 0.0020F22820324.2.14 Example200 000 lb, ASTM F 2282,2164 in., car-bon steel rod, IFI-1022B, silicon killed fine grain, ColdHeading, spheroidize annealed, pickled and limed, 3000 lbcoils, 48 in. coil i.d., compacted and unitized in packages oftwo, banded with t
32、hree steel straps per coil, two metal tags percoil attached to lead end on inside of bundle, put separatorsbetween coils.4.3 Bar orders shall state the following:4.3.1 Quantity,4.3.2 Specification number and issue date,4.3.3 Diameter,4.3.4 Steel grade,4.3.5 Deoxidation practice and grain size or ref
33、inementpractice (coarse or fine),4.3.6 Cold Heading,4.3.7 Thermal treatment,4.3.8 Surface coating,4.3.9 Coil weight and dimensions as required,4.3.10 Packaging,4.3.11 Tagging,4.3.12 Mill certification as required,4.3.13 Special requirements, for example, steelmakingmethod and practice, specific hard
34、enability, special shippinginstructions, single heat, etc., and4.3.14 Example90 000 lb, ASTM F 2282, 0. 610 in.,carbon steel bars, IFI-1038, silicon killed coarse grain, sphe-roidize annealed, Cold Heading, phosphate and lime, 5400 lbcoils, 54 in. coil i.d., three bands per coil, one metal tag perco
35、il, lead end of each coil paint red.5. Manufacture5.1 Melting PracticeThe steel shall be melted in a basicoxygen or electric furnace process.5.2 Casting PracticeSteel shall be ingot cast, or continu-ous cast with controlled procedures to meet the requirements ofthis specification.5.3 Deoxidation Pra
36、ctice and Grain SizeThe materialshall be furnished in one of the deoxidation and grain sizepractices included in 5.3.1-5.3.5, as specified by the purchaser.When not specified, the practice shall be at the option of themanufacturer.5.3.1 Silicon killed fine grain shall be produced with alu-minum for
37、grain refinement. The material purchasers approvalshall be obtained for the use of vanadium or columbium forgrain refinement.5.3.2 Silicon killed coarse grain practice.5.3.3 Silicon killed fine grain practice.5.3.4 Aluminum killed fine grain practice.5.3.5 Rimmed (grain size not specified).5.4 Harde
38、nability:5.4.1 Hardenability for steels with a specified minimumcarbon content of 0. 20 % or greater shall be determined foreach heat and the results furnished to the purchaser whenrequested on the purchase order. SAE J406, Appendix A shallbe used for referee purposes in the event of dispute.5.5 The
39、rmal Treatments:5.5.1 The purchaser shall specify one of the followingoptions for thermal treatment on the purchase order:5.5.1.1 No thermal treatment.5.5.1.2 Annealed.5.5.1.3 Spheroidized.5.5.1.4 Drawn from annealed rod or bar.5.5.1.5 Drawn from spheroidize annealed rod or bar.5.5.1.6 Spheroidized
40、at finished size wire.5.5.1.7 Annealed-in-process wire.5.5.1.8 Spheroidized annealed-in-process wire.6. Chemical Requirements6.1 The material shall have a chemical composition con-forming to the requirements specified in Tables 4-8 for theapplicable IFI grade specified by the material purchaser.NOTE
41、 2The chemical compositions have been developed in a jointproducer/user effort and are particularly appropriate to the cold forgingindustry process. The chemical composition ranges of these IFI gradesmay not be identical to those of SAE J403, SAE J404, or AISI.TABLE 4 Carbon Steels, Chemical Ranges
42、and Limits, %ConditionsFurnishedIFI Steel GradeDesignationCarbon ManganesePhosphorousMaxSulfurMaxSiliconMin Max Min MaxR, AlK IFI-1006 . . . 0.08 0.25 0.40 0.020 0.020 See Table 6R, AlK, SiFg, SiCg IFI-1008 . . . 0.10 0.30 0.50 0.020 0.020 See Table 6R, AlK, SiFg, SiCg IFI-1010 0.08 0.13 0.30 0.60 0
43、.020 0.020 See Table 6AlK, SiFg, SiCg IFI-1018 0.15 0.19 0.65 0.85 0.020 0.020 See Table 6AlK, SiFg IFI-10B21 0.19 0.23 0.80 1.10 0.020 0.020 See Table 6AlK, SiFg, SiCg IFI-1022/A 0.18 0.21 0.80 1.00 0.020 0.020 See Table 6AlK, SiFg, SiCg IFI-1022/B 0.20 0.23 0.90 1.10 0.020 0.020 See Table 6AlK IFI
44、-1033 0.31 0.36 0.70 0.90 0.020 0.020 See Table 6AlK, SiFg, SiCg IFI-1035 0.33 0.38 0.70 0.90 0.020 0.020 See Table 6AlK, SiFg, SiCg IFI-1038 0.35 0.42 0.70 0.90 0.020 0.020 See Table 6SiFg IFI-10B38 0.35 0.42 0.70 1.00 0.020 0.020 See Table 6SiFg IFI-1541/A 0.36 0.41 1.35 1.60 0.020 0.020 See Table
45、 6SiFg, SiCg, CgP IFI-1541/B 0.38 0.43 1.35 1.60 0.020 0.020 See Table 6NOTECarbon steels which have added boron use a B designation between the first and last two digits of the grade designation. A boron steel has aminimum boron content of 0.0008 % and a maximum of 0.003 % together with a minimum t
46、itanium content of 0.01 %.AlK = Aluminum killedR = RimmedSiFg = Silicon killed fine grainSiCg = Silicon killed coarse grainCgP = Coarse grain practiceF22820336.2 Compositions other than those designated in this stan-dard may be applicable when specified by the purchaser.6.3 Cast or Heat AnalysisAn a
47、nalysis of each cast or heatshall be made by the producer to determine the percentage ofthe elements specified. The analysis shall be made from a testsample(s) taken during the pouring of the cast or heat. Thechemical composition shall be reported, if required, to thepurchaser or his representative.
48、6.4 Product Analysis:6.4.1 Product analysis may be made on the finished materialfrom each heat. The composition thus determined shall con-form to the requirements in Table 4, Table 6, or Table 7 for thespecified grade subject to the permissible variations for productanalyses in Table 5 or Table 8, a
49、s applicable.NOTE 3A product analysis is optional. The analysis is not used for aduplicate analysis to confirm a previous result. The purpose of the productanalysis is to verify that the chemical composition is within specifiedlimits for each element, including applicable permissible variations inproduct analysis. The results of analyses taken from different pieces of aheat may differ within permissible limits from each other and from theheat or cast analysis. The results of the product analysis obtained shall notvary both above and below the sp
