1、Designation: F2282 03 (Reapproved 2009)1Standard Specification forQuality Assurance Requirements for Carbon and Alloy SteelWire, Rods, and Bars for Mechanical Fasteners1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2282; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year ofor
2、iginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEEditorially improved clarity of Figure 1 in February 2010.1. Scope1.
3、1 This specification establishes quality assurance require-ments for the physical, mechanical, and metallurgical require-ments for carbon and alloy steel wire, rods, and bars in coilsintended for the manufacture of mechanical fasteners whichincludes: bolts, nuts, rivets, screws, washers, and special
4、 partsmanufactured cold.NOTE 1The Steel Industry uses the term “quality” to designatecharacteristics of a material which make it particularly well suited to aspecific fabrication and/or application and does not imply “quality” in theusual sense.1.2 Wire size range includes 0.062 to 1.375 in.1.3 Rod
5、size range usually includes732 in. (0.219) to4764 in.(0.734) and generally offered in164 increments (0.0156).1.4 Bar size range includes38 in. (0.375) to 112 in. (1.500).1.5 Sizes for wire, rod and bar outside the ranges ofparagraphs 1.2-1.4 may be ordered by agreement betweenpurchaser and supplier.
6、1.6 Material is furnished in many application variations.The purchaser should advise the supplier regarding the manu-facturing process and finished product application as appropri-ate. Five application variations are:Cold HeadingRecessed HeadSocket HeadScrapless NutTubular Rivet1.6.1 Wire is furnish
7、ed for all five application variations.1.6.2 Rod and bar are furnished to the single applicationvariation; Cold Heading.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A29/A29M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy,Hot-Wrought, General Requirements forA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechan
8、ical Testingof Steel ProductsA700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Meth-ods for Steel Products for ShipmentA751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-cal Analysis of Steel ProductsE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of
9、 Metallic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,Blooms, and ForgingsE407 Practice for Microetching Metals and AlloysE1077 Test
10、 Methods for Estimating the Depth of Decarbur-ization of Steel SpecimensF1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Me-chanical Properties and Performance InspectionF1789 Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners2.2 AIAG Standard:B-5 Primary Metals Tag Application Standard32.3 IFI Standard:IFI
11、-140 Carbon and Alloy Steel Wire, Rods, and Bars forMechanical Fasteners42.4 SAE Standards:1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 onFasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.93 on QualityAssurance Provisions for Fasteners.Current edition approved May
12、 1, 2009. Published October 2009. Originallyapproved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F2282 03. DOI:10.1520/F2282-03R09.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume
13、information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG), 26200 Lahser Rd.,Suite 200, Southfield, MI 48033, http:/www.aiag.org.4Available from IFI, 1717 E. 9th St., Suite 1105, Cleveland, OH 44114-2879.1Copyright ASTM Intern
14、ational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.J403 Chemical Compositions of SAE Carbon Steels5J404 Chemical Compositions of SAE Alloy Steels5J406 Methods of Determining Hardenability of Steels5J415 Definitions of Heat Treating Terms53. Terminology3.1 De
15、finitions:3.1.1 annealinga process of heating to and holding steelat a given temperature for a given time and then cooling at agiven rate, used to soften or produce changes, or both, in themicrostructure of the steel to enhance formability and reducetensile strength.3.1.2 barsproduced from hot rolle
16、d or cast billets orblooms rolled single strand into coils. Bars have a greaterprecision in cross section than rods. Size tolerances are in Table1. Bars are finished as-rolled, annealed or spheroidize an-nealed, and in sizes included in 1.4.3.1.3 lapa longitudinal surface discontinuity extendinginto
17、 rod, bar, or wire caused by doubling over of metal duringhot rolling.3.1.4 lota quantity of raw material of one size and heatnumber submitted for testing at one time.3.1.5 rodsproduced from hot rolled or cast billets, usuallyrolled in a multiple strand mill to a round cross section thencoiled into
18、one continuous length to size tolerances shown inTable 2. Rods are furnished as-rolled, annealed, or spheroidizeannealed in sizes found in 1.3.3.1.6 seama longitudinal discontinuity extending radiallyinto wire, rod, or bar. Seams in raw material used for themanufacture of fasteners or formed parts m
19、ay lead to theformation of bursts.3.1.7 spheroidizinga form of annealing, involves pro-longed heating at temperatures near the lower critical tempera-ture, followed by slow cooling, with the object of formingspheroidal metallic carbides that allow a higher degree offormability.3.1.8 voida shallow po
20、cket or hollow on the surface of thematerial.3.1.9 wireproduced from hot rolled or annealed rods orbars by cold drawing for the purpose of obtaining desired size,dimensional accuracy, surface finish, and mechanical proper-ties. Wire is furnished in the following conditions: direct drawn(DD); drawn f
21、rom annealed rod or bar (DFAR or DFAB);drawn from spheroidized annealed rod or bar (DFSR orDFSB); drawn to size and spheroidized (SAFS); drawn,annealed in process, and finally lightly drawn to size (AIP);and drawn, spheroidize annealed in process, and finally lightlydrawn to size (SAIP). Wire size t
22、olerances are shown in Table3. Sizes include those specified in 1.2.3.1.9.1 DiscussionSpheroidize annealed-at-finish sizewire (SAFS) is wire that has been spheroidize annealed afterfinal cold reduction. One or more annealing treatments mayprecede the final cold reduction.3.1.9.2 DiscussionAnnealed-i
23、n-Process (AIP) or Sphe-roidize Annealed-in-Process (SAIP) wire is produced as drawncarbon or alloy steel wire. In producing AIP and SAIP wire,rods or bars are drawn to wire and thermal treatment (followedby a separate cleaning and coating operation) is done prior tofinal drawing to produce a softer
24、 and more ductile wire forapplications in which direct drawn wire would be too hard.Thermal treatment may also be employed when controlledmechanical properties are required for a specific application.3.2 Heat treating terms not defined in this standard areincluded in Terminology F1789 or SAE J415.4.
25、 Ordering Information4.1 Wire orders shall state the following:4.1.1 Quantity,4.1.2 Specification number and issue date,4.1.3 Diameter,4.1.4 Steel grade,4.1.5 Deoxidation practice and grain size or refinementpractice (coarse or fine); see 5.3.1-5.3.5,4.1.6 Application variation per 1.6,4.1.7 Thermal
26、 treatment; see 5.5,4.1.8 Surface coating,4.1.9 Coil weight and dimensions as required,4.1.10 Packaging,4.1.11 Tagging,4.1.12 Mill certification as required,4.1.13 Special requirements, for example, steel makingmethod and practice, specific hardenability, special shippinginstructions, single heat, e
27、tc., and4.1.14 Example40 000 lb, ASTM F2282, 0.250 in., car-bon steel wire, IFI-1022A, silicon killed coarse grain, RecessedHead, spheroidize annealed-in-process, phosphate and lube,1500 lb coils, 28 in. coil i.d., on 18 in. tubular carriers, threebands per carrier, one metal tag per coil, mill cert
28、ification, donot ship Fridays.4.2 Rod orders shall state the following:5Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 CommonwealthDr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http:/www.sae.org.TABLE 1 Bar Size TolerancesFractionalDiameter, in.Diameter 6Tolerance, in.Out of Roundmax, in.716 to58 0.006
29、 0.00958 to78 0.007 0.01178 to 1 0.008 0.0121 to 118 0.009 0.014118 to 114 0.010 0.015114 to 138 0.011 0.017138 to 112 0.013 0.020TABLE 2 Rod Size TolerancesDiameter,in.Diameter 6Tolerance, in.Out of Roundmax, in.732 to4764(0.219 to 0.734)0.012 0.018TABLE 3 Wire Size Tolerances and Out of RoundDiame
30、ter,in.Diameter 6Tolerance, in.Out of Roundmax, in. 0.076 0.0010 0.00100.076 0.500 0.0015 0.0015$ 0.500 0.0020 0.0020F2282 03 (2009)124.2.1 Quantity,4.2.2 Specification number and issue date,4.2.3 Diameter,4.2.4 Steel grade,4.2.5 Deoxidation practice and grain size or refinementpractice (coarse or f
31、ine),4.2.6 Cold Heading,4.2.7 Thermal treatment,4.2.8 Surface coating,4.2.9 Coil weight and dimensions as required,4.2.10 Packaging,4.2.11 Tagging,4.2.12 Mill certifications as required,4.2.13 Special requirements, for example, descaling prac-tice, steelmaking method and practice, specific hardenabi
32、lity,special shipping instructions, etc., and4.2.14 Example200 000 lb,ASTM F2282,2164 in., carbonsteel rod, IFI-1022B, silicon killed fine grain, Cold Heading,spheroidize annealed, pickled and limed, 3000 lb coils, 48 in.coil i.d., compacted and unitized in packages of two, bandedwith three steel st
33、raps per coil, two metal tags per coil attachedto lead end on inside of bundle, put separators between coils.4.3 Bar orders shall state the following:4.3.1 Quantity,4.3.2 Specification number and issue date,4.3.3 Diameter,4.3.4 Steel grade,4.3.5 Deoxidation practice and grain size or refinementpract
34、ice (coarse or fine),4.3.6 Cold Heading,4.3.7 Thermal treatment,4.3.8 Surface coating,4.3.9 Coil weight and dimensions as required,4.3.10 Packaging,4.3.11 Tagging,4.3.12 Mill certification as required,4.3.13 Special requirements, for example, steelmakingmethod and practice, specific hardenability, s
35、pecial shippinginstructions, single heat, etc., and4.3.14 Example90 000 lb, ASTM F2282, 0. 610 in.,carbon steel bars, IFI-1038, silicon killed coarse grain, sphe-roidize annealed, Cold Heading, phosphate and lime, 5400 lbcoils, 54 in. coil i.d., three bands per coil, one metal tag percoil, lead end
36、of each coil paint red.5. Manufacture5.1 Melting PracticeThe steel shall be melted in a basicoxygen or electric furnace process.5.2 Casting PracticeSteel shall be ingot cast, or continu-ous cast with controlled procedures to meet the requirements ofthis specification.5.3 Deoxidation Practice and Gra
37、in SizeThe materialshall be furnished in one of the deoxidation and grain sizepractices included in 5.3.1-5.3.5, as specified by the purchaser.When not specified, the practice shall be at the option of themanufacturer.5.3.1 Silicon killed fine grain shall be produced with alu-minum for grain refinem
38、ent. The material purchasers approvalshall be obtained for the use of vanadium or columbium forgrain refinement.5.3.2 Silicon killed coarse grain practice.5.3.3 Silicon killed fine grain practice.5.3.4 Aluminum killed fine grain practice.5.3.5 Rimmed (grain size not specified).5.4 Hardenability:5.4.
39、1 Hardenability for steels with a specified minimumcarbon content of 0. 20 % or greater shall be determined foreach heat and the results furnished to the purchaser whenrequested on the purchase order. SAE J406, Appendix A shallbe used for referee purposes in the event of dispute.5.5 Thermal Treatmen
40、ts:5.5.1 The purchaser shall specify one of the followingoptions for thermal treatment on the purchase order:5.5.1.1 No thermal treatment.5.5.1.2 Annealed.5.5.1.3 Spheroidized.5.5.1.4 Drawn from annealed rod or bar.5.5.1.5 Drawn from spheroidize annealed rod or bar.5.5.1.6 Spheroidized at finished s
41、ize wire.5.5.1.7 Annealed-in-process wire.5.5.1.8 Spheroidized annealed-in-process wire.6. Chemical Requirements6.1 The material shall have a chemical composition con-forming to the requirements specified in Tables 4-8 for theapplicable IFI grade specified by the material purchaser.NOTE 2The chemica
42、l compositions have been developed in a jointproducer/user effort and are particularly appropriate to the cold forgingindustry process. The chemical composition ranges of these IFI gradesmay not be identical to those of SAE J403, SAE J404, or AISI.6.2 Compositions other than those designated in this
43、 stan-dard may be applicable when specified by the purchaser.6.3 Cast or Heat AnalysisAn analysis of each cast or heatshall be made by the producer to determine the percentage ofthe elements specified. The analysis shall be made from a testsample(s) taken during the pouring of the cast or heat. Thec
44、hemical composition shall be reported, if required, to thepurchaser or his representative.6.4 Product Analysis:6.4.1 Product analysis may be made on the finished materialfrom each heat. The composition thus determined shall con-form to the requirements in Table 4, Table 6,orTable 7 for thespecified
45、grade subject to the permissible variations for productanalyses in Table 5 or Table 8, as applicable.NOTE 3A product analysis is optional. The analysis is not used for aduplicate analysis to confirm a previous result. The purpose of the productanalysis is to verify that the chemical composition is w
46、ithin specifiedlimits for each element, including applicable permissible variations inproduct analysis. The results of analyses taken from different pieces of aheat may differ within permissible limits from each other and from theheat or cast analysis. The results of the product analysis obtained sh
47、all notvary both above and below the specified range.6.4.2 Rimmed or capped steels are characterized by a lackof uniformity in their chemical composition, especially for theelements carbon, phosphorus, and sulfur, and for this reasonF2282 03 (2009)13product analysis is not technologically appropriat
48、e unlessmisapplication is clearly indicated.6.4.3 Test Methods A751 shall be used.6.5 Residual Element LimitsMaterial grades defined inthis standard shall conform to the residual element limits inTable 9.7. Metallurgical Structure7.1 Coarse Austenitic Grain Size:7.1.1 When a coarse grain size is spe
49、cified, the steel shallhave a grain size number of 1 to 5 inclusive.7.1.2 Conformance to this grain size of 70 % of the grains inthe area examined shall constitute the basis of acceptance.7.2 Fine Austenitic Grain Size:7.2.1 When a fine grain size is specified, the steel shall havea grain size number greater than five, as determined inaccordance with Test Methods E112.7.2.2 Conformance to this grain size of 70 % of the grains inthe area examined shall constitute the basis of acceptance.7.2.3 When aluminum is used as the grain refin
