1、Designation: F2531 13 An American National StandardStandard Test Method forLoad Capacity of Treestand Seats1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2531; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last
2、 revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the staticload capacity of treestand seats in terms of a factor of safetyrela
3、tive to the manufacturers rated capacity.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to addres
4、s all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and to determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Terminology2.1 Definitions:2.1.1 backbar or V-bar, nadj
5、ustable component of aclimbing treestand or hand climber that engages the tree toprovide support.2.1.2 climbing stick, n(1) a device to assist climbing a treeprimarily to a fixed position treestand. (2) a structure that issecured to the tree and allows the user to support his weightand climb to the
6、desired height on the tree.2.1.3 climbing treestand, ntreestand that provides both themeans to ascend the tree and allows the user to remain at adesired elevation.2.1.4 hand climber or climbing aid, n(1) a device to assistclimbing with a climbing treestand. (2) a structure that allowsthe user to sup
7、port his weight when lifting a climbing treestandwith his legs.2.1.5 ladder treestand, ntreestand that is secured to thetree at the elevation where the platform is located.2.1.5.1 DiscussionThe ladder treestand may be secured tothe tree at other locations and has steps that are used to reachthe plat
8、form or hunting position.2.1.6 non-climbing, fixed position or hang-on treestand,ntreestand that is secured to the tree at the elevation where itis used.2.1.6.1 DiscussionThe user usually ascends the tree bysome means and then lifts the treestand to the desired positionand secures it for use.2.1.7 p
9、latform, nthe horizontal structural area of a tree-stand on which the user stands or places his feet, or both.2.1.8 treestand, na device designed to be affixed to a treeor its branches so as to permit an individual to sit or stand onfor the purpose of attaining an elevated position from which toobse
10、rve, photograph or hunt.2.1.9 treestand seat, nthe portion or area of a treestand onwhich the user sits.2.1.10 tripod or tower stand, na tripod or tower stand(free standing platform) is constructed to be self-supportingand is not required to be secured to a tree.3. Summary of Test Method3.1 A treest
11、and is mounted so that its platform is perpen-dicular or slightly above horizontal to a rigid wood or metalpole when the rated load is applied parallel to the mountingpole. The treestand seat frame is equipped with deflectionmeasurement devices. The ladder and tripod do not requiredeflection measure
12、ments to be taken. The load is appliedincrementally and recordings are made of the load and deflec-tion at each increment until yielding or permanent deflectionoccurs, or until 112 (2 for two piece stand/sit climbingtreestands) the rated load is applied.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method is
13、 intended for quality assurance andproduction control purposes.5. Apparatus5.1 A rigid, round, wood or metal pole, preferably vertical,is used to mount the subject (except tripod) treestand productsuch that pole deflection is minimized.5.1.1 The mounting pole diameter shall be 10 6 1 in. (2546 25.4
14、mm).5.2 The load shall be applied using either calibrated weightsor a mechanical device in conjunction with a calibrated loadcell.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on SportsEquipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F08
15、.16 on Archery Products.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2013. Published January 2014. Originallyapproved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F2531 05 (2009).DOI: 10.1520/F2531-13.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. Unite
16、d States15.2.1 The use of calibrated weights requires that weightplacement be accurate to assure that the load applicationcentroid is coincident with the boundaries defined and meetsthe requirements given in 5.4. Caution should be exercised foroperator protection with the use of weights in case of s
17、lippageor premature failure.5.2.2 The use of a mechanical device such as a tensiletesting machine or hydraulic power, in combination withpulleys, fulcrums, or bearings to redirect forces, requires theuse of a calibrated load cell attached adjacent to the test subjectto account for friction losses.5.
18、3 Calibrated deflection measuring devices (such as dialindicators or optical laser) shall be used to measure movementof the test subject under load. The accuracy of the measuringdevices shall be within .010 in. (0.25 mm) and repeatablewithin .005 in. (0.13 mm). The devices shall measure move-ment pa
19、rallel to the direction of the applied load and shall bemounted in such a manner as to eliminate deflection of the testapparatus and be placed, as a minimum, as follows:5.3.1 There shall be at least two measurements taken at theload, one on each side and 6 in. (152.4 mm) from the center ofload appli
20、cation.5.3.2 A deflection measurement shall be taken at two pointsfurthest from the mounting pole, one on each side symmetricalwith the test subject.5.3.3 A deflection measurement shall be taken at two points6 in. (152.4 mm) from the mounting pole, one on each sidesymmetrical with the test subject.5
21、.4 The application of the load shall be at the centroid of thetreestand seat area over a 100 in.2(645.16 cm2) area by meansof a flat rectangular steel plate 10 in. (254 mm) wide by 10 in.(254 mm) long and a minimum of12 in. (12.7 mm) thick. Theedges of the load plate adjacent to the test subject sha
22、ll bedeburred .015/.030 in. radius (0.381/0.762 mm) to reducedamage to the test subject by sharp edges. Likewise, the fourcorners of the load plate should have approximately .25 in.radius (6.35 mm) to reduce damage.NOTE 1Load attachment structure must be secured to this load plate;therefore, fabrica
23、tion by welding must assure that the plate remain flat andfree of distortion.6. Procedure6.1 Read instructions accompanying the test subject toascertain the proper procedure for use and mounting and securethe test subject to the mounting pole (except tripods) such thatthe platform (plane of the plat
24、form) is perpendicular to themounting pole. If necessary, use minimum auxiliary temporarymeans to maintain the subject in the correct position duringset-up. (Frictional forces, without a load on the subject, maynot be sufficient in some cases for the subject to remain inposition. A small band on the
25、 mounting pole may be neces-sary).6.2 By geometric means, determine the location of thecentroid of the seat area and mark accordingly. Place the loadplate centerline coincident with the centroid of the seat.6.3 Determine if the test subject will deflect sufficientlyduring the test to allow the load
26、plate to slip or shift. If so,provide auxiliary means such as clamps or stops to eliminatesideways movement of the load plate. The load must be appliedas given in 5.4 and must be continuously applied in the verticaldirection throughout the entire test.6.4 Locate and mount deflection measurement devi
27、ces, orreference points using optical laser, as given in 5.3.6.5 The initial load for beginning the test shall be one-fourthof the test subjects rated capacity. For example, a test subjectwith a rated capacity of 400 lbs (181.44 kg) shall begin the testat a load of 100 lbs (45.36 kg). Loads shall be
28、 increased by25 % increments up to the test subjects rated capacity, afterwhich the load shall be increased as appropriate to 125 %,150 %, and so forth, lb increments. After the load meets orexceeds the rated capacity, it shall be returned to zero andchecked for yielding.6.6 At each load value equal
29、 to or exceeding the ratedcapacity (test point) the load and all deflection measurementsshall be recorded. The load shall then be removed and thedeflection measurements re-recorded. A note shall be made ofany measurement that does not return to within .200 in. (5.08mm) of its initial value.After the
30、 load is removed, all deflectionmeasurements shall be checked, and the test subject visuallyinspected for permanent deformations by yielding.6.7 The load shall incrementally increase until it is deter-mined that: (1) a minimum for 150 % (200 % for two piecestand/sit climbing treestands) of the rated
31、 load capacity hasbeen applied, or (2) permanent deformation (yielding) hasoccurred for treestands with integral seats (supported on thestanding platform).6.7.1 For two piece (stand/sit) climbing treestands or ladderstands with movable non-rigid platforms (seats such as mesh,slings or similar) that
32、can be slid forward or backward duringnormal use, two separate tests shall be conducted with the loadapplied to the centroid of the non-rigid platform. The first testshall be conducted with the load applied to the centroid of thenon-rigid platform with the non-rigid platform (seat) located inits nor
33、mal position, typically in the center of the supportingstructure. The second test shall be conducted with the loadapplied along the centroid of the supporting structure furthestfrom the test pole, which by design must be capable of directlysupporting the users weight during normal use. (For example,
34、the horizontal framing member of a treestand where the usermust support his weight during normal stand up/sit downclimbing procedures.) For this second case, a rigid steel barshould be used to distribute the load over a 16-in. (406.4-mm)wide area of the supporting structure.7. Report7.1 Deflection r
35、eadings shall be discarded only when acalibration change is discovered after readings have been madeor when improper operator techniques can be cited.7.2 Recording of results shall include the following:7.2.1 Identification of test subject model, manufacturer, andrated capacity.7.2.2 Photograph of t
36、est subject.7.2.3 Photograph of test set-up (three viewsside, top, andend).F2531 1327.2.4 Load and deflection measurements at all test points.7.2.5 Verification of calibration.7.2.6 Date of test.7.3 Determination of Factor of Safety:7.3.1 When yielding or permanent deformation has beenreached as giv
37、en in 6.7, the corresponding load in pounds shallbe noted as the yield load.7.3.2 The factor of safety shall be calculated by dividing themanufacturers rated capacity of the test subject into theresulting yield load. For example, rated capacity 300 lb (136.08kg), yield load 480 lbf (2135.15 N); ther
38、efore, the factor ofsafety is 480/300 (217.72/136.08 kg) or 1.60 (usually noted as1.60 SF).7.4 Pass-Fail CriterionA treestand seat is consideredfailed if it cannot support: (1) a minimum of 1.5 its rated loadcapacity without yielding or permanent deformation for tree-stands with integral seats (supp
39、orted on the standing platform),or (2) a minimum of 2 its rated load capacity without yieldingor permanent deformation for two piece (stand/sit) climbingtreestands or ladder stands with movable non-rigid platforms.The deflection measurements can be used as an indication ofpermanent deformation, but
40、shall not be used as pass-failcriterion.8. Precision and Bias8.1 No statement is made about either the precision or biasof this test method for measuring load capacity, since the resultmerely states whether there is conformance to the criteria forsuccess specified in the procedure.9. Keywords9.1 bac
41、kbar; platform; treestand; tripodAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. ADDITIONAL INFORMATIONX1.1 This test method provided for use by manufacturers oftreestands and testing companies. Criteria have been developedfor certification of treestands and this test method is an integralpart of the certific
42、ation. However, a treestand conforming tothis test method alone does not constitute certification, andthose manufacturers desiring certification must meet all appli-cable standards as a minimum requirement.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in
43、connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the res
44、ponsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive caref
45、ul consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International
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