1、Designation: F2686 10An American National StandardStandard Specification forGlass Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2686; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the ye
2、ar of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers coiled, machine-made glassfiber reinforced thermoplastic pipe up to 6 in. nominal size
3、,having discrete, unbonded inner and outer layers of thermo-plastic compounds and an intermediate structural layer ofunbonded, dry glass fiber reinforcement to provide higherstrength. Included are a classification system and requirementsfor materials, mechanical properties, dimensions, performance,m
4、ethods of test, and marking. Reinforced thermoplastic pipesare used for oil and gas applications, including transport ofmultiphase fluids, hydrocarbon gases, hydrocarbon liquids andnon-potable water.1.2 The piping system will comprise one or more runs ofpipe along with mechanical fittings, designed
5、and for use withthis composite pipe, connecting them to each other and to theother pipeline components.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not co
6、nsidered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to u
7、se.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A105/A105M Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings forPiping ApplicationsA106/A106M Specification for Seamless Carbon Steel Pipefor High-Temperature ServiceA333/A333M Specification for Seamless and Welded SteelPipe for Low-Temperature ServiceA350/A350M S
8、pecification for Carbon and Low-AlloySteel Forgings, Requiring Notch Toughness Testing forPiping ComponentsD578 Specification for Glass Fiber StrandsD618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1598 Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic PipeUnder Cons
9、tant Internal PressureD1599 Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time HydraulicPressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and FittingsD1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD2105 Test Method for Longitudinal Tensile Properties of“Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pip
10、e and TubeD2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-moplastic Pipe and FittingsD2143 Test Method for Cyclic Pressure Strength of Rein-forced, Thermosetting Plastic PipeD2412 Test Method for Determination of External LoadingCharacteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate LoadingD2992 Pra
11、ctice for Obtaining Hydrostatic or Pressure De-sign Basis for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-ReinforcedThermosetting-Resin) Pipe and FittingsD3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe andFittings MaterialsF412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems2.2 PPI Standards:3TR-4 PPI Listing of Hy
12、drostatic Design Basis (HDB),Hydrostatic Design Stress (HDS), Strength Design Basis(SDB), Pressure Design Basis (PDB) and Minimum Re-quired Strength (MRS) Ratings for Thermoplastic PipingMaterials or Pipe2.3 ANSI Standards:4B 16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinit
13、ions are in accordance with Termi-nologies D883 and F412 and abbreviations are in accordancewith Terminology D1600, unless otherwise indicated.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the di
14、rect responsibility of Subcommittee F17.11 onComposite.Current edition approved April 1, 2010. Published April 2010. DOI:10.1520/F268610.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume i
15、nformation, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Plastics Pipe Institute (PPI), 105 Decker Court, Suite 825,Irving, TX 75062, http:/www.plasticpipe.org.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 1003
16、6, http:/www.ansi.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.2.1 glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic pipe, na tubularproduct comprised of an inner thermoplastic layer reinforcedwith helically wound un-bonded glass fibers
17、covered with anouter thermoplastic layer.3.2.2 inner layer, nan inner thermoplastic layer to containthe transported fluid.3.2.3 lower confidence limitthe 95% lower confidencelimit of the pressure regression curve, determined as perPractice D2992. Unless otherwise stated, the 95% lowerconfidence limi
18、t is defined at the design life.3.2.3.1 DiscussionFor 95% confidence limits, there is a2.5% probability that the mean value for the regression linemay fall above the upper confidence limit and a 2.5% prob-ability that the mean value for the regression line may fallbelow the lower confidence limit.3.
19、2.4 outer layer, nan outer thermoplastic layer to protectthe reinforcement layer.3.2.5 reinforcement layera layer, comprised of un-bondeddry glass fibers helically wound around the inner layer, whichprovides the strength of the composite pipe.4. Classification4.1 GeneralPipe meeting this specificati
20、on is classified bypressure design basis and by a cell classification system thatdefines the basic mechanical properties of the pipe. Thesepressure design basis categories and cell classification desig-nations are as follows:4.1.1 Pressure Design BasisTwo methods of classifyingthe pressure design ba
21、sis of the pipe are provided. Pipe meetingthis specification may be classified using either the cyclic testmethod or the static test method, or both, and the designationsare shown in Table 1. Appendix X1 explains how thesepressure design basis categories are to be used.4.1.2 Mechanical PropertiesTab
22、le 2 presents a cell clas-sification system for identifying the mechanical properties ofpipe covered by this specification.NOTE 1Table 1 and Table 2 simply list possible combinations coveredby the above classification system and are not intended to be indicative ofcommercial availability.4.1.3 Pipe
23、Designation CodeThe pipe designation codeshall consist of the static or cyclic PDB level in a capital letterand four Arabic numbers identifying, respectively, the cellclassification designations of the short-term rupture pressure,longitudinal tensile strength, longitudinal tensile modulus andpipe st
24、iffness.4.1.3.1 Example:D1234. Such a designation would describe a glass fiberreinforced thermoplastic pipe having a cyclic pressure designbasis of 630 psig (4.34 MPa); a short-term rupture pressureexceeding 1 000 psig (6.89 MPa), a longitudinal tensilestrength exceeding 15 000 psi (103 MPa), a long
25、itudinal tensilemodulus exceeding 3 3 106psi (20 700 MPa) and a pipestiffness exceeding 300 lbf/in2(2 069 kPa).5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 General The thermoplastic materials, glass fiber re-inforcement, colorant, or other materials, or a combinationthereof, when combined as piping components, s
26、hall produce apipe system that shall meet the performance requirements ofthis specification.5.2 Pipe layers Reinforced Thermoplastic Pipe is a com-posite pipe product, capable of being made in long continuouslengths and coiled for storage, transport and installation. Thefirst step in the production
27、process is extrusion of a thermo-plastic inner layer or barrier to contain the transported fluid andcontribute a portion of the mechanical strength. The next stepis addition of a structural glass fiber layer over the inner layerto provide the majority of the mechanical strength to withstandthe loads
28、 applied during service and installation. This structurallayer typically consists of an even number of balanced helicalwindings of continuous glass fiber reinforcement, applied ashelically wound unbonded fibers using an automated processcontrol. In the third and final step an outer thermoplastic lay
29、eris extruded on top of the structural layer. This outer layerprotects the structure during installation and operation, andmay help transfer mechanical loads within the end fitting.Mechanical end fittings are used to terminate pipe ends orconnect adjacent pipe sections.5.3 Materials SelectionThe man
30、ufacturer shall be respon-sible for the selection and supply of all materials so that theymeet the specified service and installation requirements. Dif-ferent material grades can be used in the thermoplastic innerand outer layers provided the combination meets the require-ments of this standard.5.3.
31、1 Thermoplastic Inner Layer The inner layer shall beconstructed from polyethylene or crosslinked polyethylenematerial complying with Specification D3350 and listed in PPITR-4. Either PE2708, PE3608 or PE4710, as defined and listedin PPI TR-4, with a Specification D3350 minimum cellclassification of
32、233373, 345464 and 444474 respectively is tobe used for polyethylene. PEX materials as defined and listedin PPI TR-4 are to be used for crosslinked polyethylene.5.3.2 Structural LayerThe structural layer provides thestrength of the composite pipe. The material used shall beboron-free modified E-glas
33、s (ECR) fibers as defined in Speci-fication D578. The glass shall be applied in two layers thathave opposite wrap directions. The angle of each wrap layershall be 55 6 5 degrees from the axial direction, such that theangle between the layers when they cross is 110 610 degrees.NOTE 2The wrap angle is
34、 controlled during manufacture by theTABLE 1 Pressure Design Basis CategoriesCyclic Test Method Static Test MethodDesignation Pressure Design Basis,psig (MPa)Designation Pressure Design Basis,psig (MPa)A 315 (2.17) N 315 (2.17)B 400 (2.76) O 400 (2.76)C 500 (3.45) P 500 (3.45)D 630 (4.34) Q 630 (4.3
35、4)E 800 (5.52) R 800 (5.52)F 1 000 (6.89) S 1 000 (6.89)G 1 250 (8.62) T 1 250 (8.62)H 1 600 (11.0) U 1 600 (11.0)I 2 000 (13.8) V 2 000 (13.8)J 2 500 (17.2) W 2 500 (17.2)K 3 150 (21.7) X 3 150 (21.7)L 4 000 (27.6) Y 4 000 (27.6)F2686 102process equipment parameters. A successful burst test result
36、verifies theadequacy of the applied wrap angle.5.3.2.1 The structural layer thickness shall meet the require-ments given in Table 3.5.3.3 Thermoplastic Outer LayerThe outer layer shall beconstructed from polyethylene or crosslinked polyethylenematerial complying with Specification D3350 and listed i
37、n PPITR-4. Either PE2708, PE3608 or PE4710, as defined and listedin PPI TR-4, with a Specification D3350 minimum cellclassification of 233373, 345464 and 444474 respectively is tobe used for polyethylene. PEX materials as defined and listedin PPI TR-4 are to be used for crosslinked polyethylene. The
38、outer layer material shall contain a suitable level of UVinhibitor for the service intended.5.4 Rework Material Clean rework material only from thefirst step production of the PE inner layer and not subjected tothe second step glass fiber wrapping, generated from the pipemanufacturers own pipe produ
39、ction, may be used for the inneror outer layers, provided that it can be demonstrated that thecomposite pipe produced meets all the requirements of thisspecification.5.5 Fittings:5.5.1 Fittings shall be of metallic construction complyingwith material designation AISI 4130 or 4140, SpecificationsA105
40、/A105M, A106/A106M, A333/A333M or A350/A350M.Specific materials referenced in this section are commonmaterials used in these types of products. Alternate materialsproven to provide equal or better performance are acceptable.5.5.2 All steel flanges shall comply with ANSI B 16.5requirements.5.5.3 The
41、fittings may be finished with a protective coatingcompatible with the intended service.6. Physical Requirements6.1 WorkmanshipThe pipe shall be free of all defectsincluding indentations, bubbles, pinholes, and foreign inclu-sions, which, due to their nature, degree, or extent, detrimen-tally affect
42、the strength and serviceability of the pipe. The pipeshall be as uniform as commercially practicable in color,opacity, and other physical properties. The bore of the pipeshall be smooth and uniform. All pipe ends shall be cut at rightangles to the axis of the pipe and any sharp edges removed.6.2 Dim
43、ensions and TolerancesThe inside diameter, out-side diameter, wall thickness and tolerances of pipe meetingthis specification shall conform to the requirements of Table 4,when determined in accordance with 8.3.6.3 Pipe Requirements:6.3.1 Pressure Design Basis (PDB)Pipe meeting thisspecification shal
44、l be categorized by a long - term static orcyclic pressure design basis as shown in Table 1. A pipe fromeach Design Basis Category shall be tested in accordance with8.4 or 8.5, as applicable. The pressure design basis of otherpipe sizes with the same pressure design basis having the samematerials, r
45、einforcement configuration, reinforcement wrapangles, and reinforcement stress levels but different pipediameter as pipe previously tested in accordance with 8.4 or 8.5shall be confirmed through testing in accordance with 8.9. Pipeused in static pressure applications shall also meet the cycliccapabi
46、lity requirement described in 8.16.NOTE 3Since the ratio of inside diameter to structural layer thicknessis constant within a PDB rating, only one pipe diameter per PDB ratingneeds complete Specification D2992 testing. The other pipe diameterswithin a PDB rating shall be confirmed by testing per Spe
47、cification D2992Section 12. SeeAppendix X2 for inside diameter/structural layer thicknessratios.TABLE 2 Physical Property RequirementsDesignationOrder NumberMechanicalProperty0A1234561 Short-term rupture pressure,min, psig (MPa). 1 000 (6.89) 2 000 (13.8) 3 000 (20.7) 4 000 (27.6) 5 000 (34.5) 6 000
48、 (41.4)2 Longitudinal tensile strength,min, psi (MPa). 8 000 (55.2) 15 000 (103) 25 000 (172) 35 000 (241) 45 000 (310) 55 000 (379)3 Longitudinal tensile modulus,min, psi X 106(MPa). 1 (6 900) 2 (13 000) 3 (20 700) 4 (27 600) 5 (34 500) 6 (41 400)4 Pipe stiffness at 5% deflection,min, lbf/in2(kPa).
49、 100 (689) 150 (1,034) 200 (1,379) 300 (2,069) 400 (2,759) 500 (3,448)AUnspecified.TABLE 3 Structural Layer Thickness, in. (mm)Nominal Pipe Size PDB Psig (MPa) Structural Layer Thickness Tolerance of Layer Thickness2 800 (5.52) 0.025 (0.64) 6 0.002 (0.04)2 2,000 (13.8) 0.059 (1.50) 6 0.004 (0.09)2 4,000 (27.6) 0.120 (3.05) 6 0.007 (0.18)3 800 (5.52) 0.035 (0.89) 60.002 (0.05)3 2,000 (13.8) 0.085 (2.16) 6 0.005 (0.13)3 4,000 (27.6) 0.165 (4.19) 6 0.01 (0.25)4 800 (5.52) 0.046 (1.17) 6 0.003 (0.07)4 2,000 (13.8) 0.109 (2.77) 6 0.007 (0.17)4 4,000 (27.6) 0.220
