1、Designation: F2814 09Standard Guide forDesign and Construction of Ornamental Steel Picket FenceSystems for Security Purposes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2814; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision,
2、 the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide provides the material and installation stan-dards for selection in the design of an ornamental
3、 steel picketfence system for security applications. The proper materialselection and system installation and layout can substantiallyincrease the difficulty to penetrate; thereby, increasing theintrusion delay time.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, ass
4、ociated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A121 Specification for Metallic-Coated Carbon SteelBarbe
5、d WireA392 Specification for Zinc-Coated Steel Chain-LinkFence FabricA491 Specification for Aluminum-Coated Steel Chain-LinkFence FabricF668 Specification for Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) and OtherOrganic Polymer-Coated Steel Chain-Link Fence FabricF1184 Specification for Industrial and Commercial Hori-
6、zontal Slide GatesF1345 Specification for Zinc-5 % Aluminum-MischmetalAlloy-Coated Steel Chain-Link Fence FabricF1379 Terminology Relating to Barbed TapeF1665 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) andOther Conforming Organic Polymer-Coated Steel BarbedWire Used With Chain-Link FenceF1910 Spec
7、ification for Long Barbed Tape ObstaclesF1911 Practice for Installation of Barbed TapeF2200 Specification for Automated Vehicular Gate Con-structionF2408 Specification for Ornamental Fences EmployingGalvanized Steel Tubular PicketsF2453/F2453M Specification for Welded Wire Mesh FenceFabric (Metallic
8、-Coated or Polymer Coated) for Meshes of6 in.23871 mm2 or Less, in Panels or Rolls, with UniformMeshesF2548 Specification for Expanded Metal Fence Systems forSecurity PurposesF2589 Specification for Ornamental Fences EmployingSteel Tubular PicketsF2656 Test Method for Vehicle Crash Testing of Perime
9、terBarriers2.2 U.S. Department of State3SD-STD-02.01, Revision A, March 2003 Test Method forVehicle Crash Gate Testing of Perimeter Barriers andGates.2.3 U.S. Department of Defense4UFC 4-010-01 United Facilities Criteria, DoD MinimumAntiterrorism Standards for Buildings3. Terminology3.1 Terms define
10、d in Specifications F2408 and F2589 shallalso apply to ornamental steel picket fence systems under thejurisdiction of this guide.3.2 Terms defined in Terminology F1379 shall apply to theuse of barbed tape obstacles referenced in this guide.3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.3.1 fen
11、ce security accessoryan accessory product addedat the extremities of an ornamental steel picket security fencesystem to broaden its coverage range and increase the time and1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F14 on Fences and isthe direct responsibility of Subcommittee F14.50 on
12、High Security Fences andPerimeter Barriers.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2009. Published December 2009. DOI:10.1520/F2814-09.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume informatio
13、n, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from the U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Diplomatic Security,Office of Physical Security Programs, Physical Security Division, SA-14, WashingD.C. 20529-1403.4Available electronically from United Facilities Criteria (UF
14、C) Index http:/65.204.17.188/report/doc ufc.html1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.difficulty necessary to breach the system (for example, barbedwire, barbed tape, spiked railing supplements, etc.).3.3.2 supplemental sec
15、urity fence filla secondary fencefiller material (for example, expanded metal, welded wiremesh, chain-link mini-mesh fabric, etc.) attached to or inte-grated with the vertical pickets of the ornamental steel picketfence system.4. Significance and Use4.1 Ornamental steel picket fence systems can be d
16、esignedto provide greater levels of security by selecting styles andconfigurations that increase the difficulty to penetrate and inturn increase delay time. Some examples include: increasingthe height of the fence, using ornamental picket styles thatcurve outward to form a parapet on the attack side
17、 of the fence,and decreasing the spacing between vertical pickets.4.2 Security hardening of ornamental steel picket fencesystems can be achieved by adding fence security accessories(that is, barbed wire to the top; barbed tape to the top, side orbottom of the fence; or spiked railing supplements alo
18、ng thetop rail) or by attaching supplemental security fence fillmaterials (that is, expanded metal, barbed tape mesh, weldedwire mesh, or chain-link mini-mesh fabric). Slats or screeningpanels can be inserted to restrict visibility when required.4.3 Multiple fence lines can be installed to create is
19、olationzones that enhance the ability to patrol or visually monitor thearea.4.4 Anti-ram cable systems may be added to resist vehiclepenetration into a protected perimeter.5. Part 1General5.1 List the scope of work included; the performancerequirements of the overall project security design criteria
20、; theperformance design criteria for the fence system, referencedcontract documents, fence design and detail drawings, materialspecifications, related site work, site drawings with the specificfence layout, product and data submittals, certifications, sitepreparation, contractor qualifications, warr
21、anties and the fenceintegration with other security products.5.1.1 Fence placement can be critical and should be wellthought out and defined by the contract specifications anddrawings. Placement should be coordinated with the gradingplan to ensure it does not inhibit drainage flow or cause debrisbui
22、ldup.5.1.2 Consideration should be given to the fence location toprovide the proper offset to protect a building or provide a clearzone from trees, underbrush, buildings and structures. Quali-fying federal building sites require specified fence set backdistances from the building in compliance with
23、the DoDMinimum Antiterrorism Standards for Buildings, UFC 4-010-01.5.1.3 Consideration should be given during design of thefence to ensure it will properly support the application of addedintrusion detection devices. An integrated system using light-ing with video surveillance requires a specific fe
24、nce layout, forexample, the fence must be located to avoid blocking the viewor reduce shadows.5.1.4 Signage posted along the fence line should always bea consideration.6. Material Requirements6.1 Tubular Picket Ornamental Fence System:6.1.1 Structural components of tubular picket ornamentalfence sys
25、tems shall meet the material and coating requirementsof Specification F2408 or F2589, whichever is applicable.6.1.2 There are multiple panel and picket design configura-tions; those recommended for security fence applications arelisted in Table 1.6.1.3 Because ornamental steel picket fence systems d
26、e-signed for increased security levels are generally taller andheavier than fences for other applications, and, because theyfrequently are hardened by the addition of supplementalexpanded metal, welded wire, or chain-link fill, wind resistanceis amplified. Fence system designs should be selected to
27、meetthe anticipated wind loads based on the site geographicallocation, soil strength and weather conditions.6.2 Fence Security Accessories:6.2.1 Barbed WireWhen barbed wire is specified, It isrecommended that polymer coated barbed wire in accordancewith Specification F1665, Type II spacing at 3 in.
28、(76 mm) oncenter be selected. The color should match the color of theornamental fence, if possible to match the aesthetics of thefence system. Metallic coated carbon steel barbed wire, highsecurity grade in accordance with Specification A121, is alsopermissible.6.2.2 Barbed Tape ObstaclesWhen barbed
29、 tape is speci-fied, select the diameter, design and configuration in accor-dance with Specification F1910.TABLE 1 Panel pickets to be a minimumof 1 in.23 14 Ga.Rail Spacing Minimum 80 in. clear span between rail(s) at top of fence panel andrail(s) at bottom of panel when space between pickets excee
30、ds 2-14in. (No minimum if space between pickets is less than 2-14 in.orifsupplemental security fence fill is added to cover the spaces.Post Spacing Maximum 8 ftPicket-To-Rail Connections Connections must be secured by welding, by enclosed inaccessibleretaining system, or by tamper-proof security fas
31、teners.Picket Profile Spear-pointed tip extending minimum of 6 in. above top rail; or toprail protection provided by fence security accessories such asbarbed wire, barbed tape, spiked railing supplements. Outwardlycurved or angled pointed picket designs increase difficulty to climb.F2814 0926.2.3 Sp
32、iked Railing SupplementsWhen spiked railingsupplements are specified, material and coating shall complywith the requirements for the fence system.6.3 Supplemental Security Fence Fill:6.3.1 Expanded MetalWhen expanded metal is specified,select the appropriate material, mesh size, gauge, design andcon
33、figuration from Specification F2548.6.3.2 Welded Wire MeshWhen welded wire mesh is speci-fied, select the appropriate material, mesh size, gauge, designand configuration from Specification F2453/F2453M.6.3.3 Chain Link FabricWhen chain link fabric is speci-fied, It is recommended that the appropriat
34、e material, mesh,size, gauge, color, design, and configuration be selected fromSpecification F668 to match the aesthetics of the ornamentalfence; however, selection from Specification A392, A491,orF1345 is also permissible if metallic coated fabric is accept-able.6.4 Fittings:6.4.1 The material for
35、post caps, finials and other decorativeadornments shall be compatible with the fence system compo-nent material; coating shall meet the same performance stan-dard as the fence components (see Specification F2408 orF2589, whichever is applicable).6.4.2 Brackets and bracket fasteners used for mounting
36、panels to post have a shear strength equal to or greater than thehorizontal rail material, coated to meet the same performancestandard as the fence components (see Specification F2408 orF2589, whichever is applicable). Fasteners shall be tamper-proof (for example, one-way bolts, break-away cone nuts
37、, etc.).6.4.3 When barbed wire is specified, select barb arm designto meet the appropriate security requirement (barb arms areavailable in various configurations to accommodate three to sixstrands of barbed wire).6.5 Swing GatesSwing gates shall be fabricated by weld-ing using 2-in.2gate ends and ra
38、ils and pickets meeting thefence component criteria. Gates frame shall be designed for thewidth built so that the outer member shall not sag in excess ofthe lesser of 1 % of the gate leaf width or 2 in. (50.8 mm).6.5.1 Swing gate post sizes shall be selected based on themanufacturers specification.6
39、.5.2 Hinges for post and gate frame shall be manufacturedof zinc casting, pressed steel, weldable steel plates or blocks, ormalleable iron, hot-dipped galvanized with a minimum zincweight of 1.20 oz/ft2(366 g/m2). Any tamper points shall besecured by welding or peening the threads. Swing gate latche
40、sand drop bar guides shall be manufactured of pressed steel,hot-dipped galvanized with a minimum zinc weight of 1.20oz/ft2(366 g/m2). Gate hardware shall be color coated to meetthe same requirements as the fence system (in accordance withSpecification F2408 or F2589, whichever is applicable).6.5.3 S
41、wing gates shall be coated to meet the same require-ments as the fence system (in accordance with SpecificationF2408 or F2589, whichever is applicable).6.6 Slide GatesSelect the Type and Class of slide gateusing Specification F1184.6.6.1 If cantilever slide gates are to be used, specify Type II,Clas
42、s 2, interior roller design.6.6.2 Gates shall be coated to meet the same requirements asthe fence system (in accordance with Specification F2408 orF2589, whichever is applicable).6.6.3 Select the slide gate post size based on the gate sizeand design in accordance with Specification F1184 or manu-fac
43、turers recommendation.6.6.4 Automated vehicle gates shall comply with Specifica-tion F2200.6.7 Vehicle crash gates, bollards, wedges or barrier arms,when required, shall be specified by:6.7.1 The Condition Designation and Penetration Level,tested and certified in accordance with Test Method F2656.6.
44、7.2 The K Rating design criteria, tested and certified inaccordance with U.S. State Department standard, SD-STD-02.01, Revision A, March 2003.7. Installation7.1 Site Preparation:7.1.1 Prior to installation of an ornamental steel picket fencesystem, all necessary clearing and grading should be perfor
45、medon both sides of the fence line. Grading along the fence lineshould minimize uneven surfaces that can lead to washouts andgaps under the fence.7.1.2 At swing gate locations, grade surface as level aspractical consistent with drainage requirements between thehinge and latch posts and within the sw
46、ing area of the gate.Grading for slide gates should comply with manufacturersguidelines for smooth travel, free of binding during operation.7.1.3 Where underground utility lines cross fence lines,consider how the framework and fastening can accommodateremoval for maintenance should the need arise wi
47、thout com-prising the perimeter.7.2 Fence Installation:7.2.1 Fence posts shall be set at spacings specified by themanufacturer, not to exceed ten feet. Fence designs requiringlarger posts or closer post spacings due to wind load orincreased security may require larger, deeper concrete footingsdepend
48、ing on soil conditions.7.2.2 Panels shall be mounted in accordance with themanufacturers instructions with mounting hardware suppliedby the manufacturer. All fasteners must be installed so they aretamper-proof from the attack side of the fence.7.3 Installation of Fence Security Accessories:7.3.1 Bar
49、b arms, when specified, shall be riveted or boltedto the post.7.3.2 Barbed tape shall be installed in accordance withPractice F1911.7.3.3 Spiked railing supplements shall be attached in accor-dance with manufacturers instructions.7.4 Installation of Supplemental Security Fence Fill:7.4.1 Expanded metal, welded wire mesh, or chain linkfabric, when required as supplemental fill for the ornamentalfence system, shall be attached in accordance with the manu-facturers instructions using fittings and fasteners supplied bythe manufacturer.7.4.2 Additional security can be
