1、Designation: F2923 11F2923 14Standard Specification forConsumer Product Safety for Childrens Jewelry1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2923; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisi
2、on. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe purpose of this consumer safety specification is to establish nationally recognized safetyrequirements and test methods for c
3、hildrens jewelry.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes requirements and test methods for specified elements and certain mechanical hazards inchildrens jewelry. It also includes recommendations for age labeling and warnings, and guidelines on identifying the primaryintended users (children or ad
4、ults). It does not purport to cover every conceivable hazard of childrens jewelry. It does not coverproduct performance or quality, except as related to safety. This specification has no requirements for those aspects of childrensjewelry that present an inherent and recognized hazard as part of the
5、function of jewelry, such as small parts. This specificationestablishes requirements recognizing that not all jewelry is appropriate for all age groups. Jewelry is not recommended for youngchildren 3 and under absent close parental supervision.1.2 This specification applies only to jewelry, as defin
6、ed in 3.2.1, which is designed or intended primarily for children 12 andunder,years of age and younger, as defined in 3.2.2. Childrens jewelry is a product principally designed and intended as anornament worn by a child. This includes a product or a component of the product intended to be removed an
7、d worn by a childas an item of ornamentation (that is, a shoe charm that can be placed on a bracelet). Adult jewelry, which is defined as jewelrydesigned and intended for use primarily by those over age 12, is covered by another ASTM standard, Consumer SafetySpecification F2999.1.3 This specificatio
8、n does not apply to the following:1.3.1 Toy jewelry or any other products that are intended for use by a child when the child plays (that is, a necklace worn bya doll or stuffed animal; novelty jewelry with play value);21.3.2 Accessories (that is, Handbags, Belts);1.3.3 Apparel (except as described
9、in 3.2.1(p);1.3.4 Footwear (except as described in 3.2.1(p);1.3.5 Any other item whose primary purpose is functional (that is, keys, key chains, or other items not primarily intended tobe worn as a personal item of ornamentation).1.4 This consumer safety specification includes the following sections
10、:Title SectionScope 1Referenced Documents 2Definitions 3Age-Labeling 4Specifications for Lead in Childrens Jewelry 5Specifications for Childrens Body-Piercing Jewelry 7Specifications for Antimony, Arsenic, Barium,Cadmium, Chromium, Mercury andSelenium in Paint and Surface Coatingsof Childrens Jewelr
11、y8Specifications for Cadmium in Substrate Materialsof Childrens Jewelry91 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.24 on Jewelry.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011Oct. 1, 2014. Published November 2
12、011November 2014. Originally approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2011 asF2923 11. DOI: 10.1520/D2393-11.10.1520/D2393-14.2 Any product which is predominately used for play value is a toy. Toys are subject to the requirements of Consumer Safety Specification F963.-11.This document is
13、not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropri
14、ate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1Specification for Nickel in Metal Componentsof Childrens Jewelry1
15、0Specifications for Liquid-Filled Childrens Jewelry 11Mechanical Requirements for Childrens Jewelry 12Test Methods 13Annexes Annex A1Annex A2Rationales Appendix X11.5 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test methods portion of this specification. This standard does notpurport
16、to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard toestablish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3E1613 Te
17、st Method for Determination of Lead by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES),FlameAtomicAbsorption Spectrometry (FAAS), or Graphite FurnaceAtomicAbsorption Spectrometry (GFAAS) TechniquesF963F963-11 Consumer Safety Specification for Toy SafetyF2999 Consumer Safety Specifi
18、cation for Adult Jewelry2.2 CPSC Standards:4CPSC-CH-E1003-09 Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Lead (Pb) in Paint and Other Similar Surface Coatings,April 26, 2009CPSC-CH-E1002-08 Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Total Lead (Pb) in Non-Metal Childrens Products,February 1, 2009
19、CPSC-CH-E1001-08 Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Total Lead (Pb) in Childrens Metal Products (IncludingChildrens Metal Jewelry)CPSC-CH-E1004-11 Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Cadmium (Cd) Extractability from Childrens MetalJewelry2.3 BS Standard:European Standards:5CR 1247
20、1: 2002 Screening test for nickel release from alloys and coatings in items that come into direct and prolonged contactwith the skinBS EN 18111811: 2011 :2011; EN 12472Reference test method for release of nickel from all post assemblies which are insertedinto pierced parts of the human body and arti
21、cles intended to come into direct and prolonged contact with the skinBS EN 71-312472: 2009 :1995 Safety of toys. Specification for migration of certain elementsMethod for the simulation of wearand corrosion for the detection of nickel release from coated items2.4 CFR Standard:16 CFR 1500.4 Human exp
22、erience with hazardous substances. substances16 CFR 1500.14 Products requiring special labeling under section 3(b) of the act.act16 CFR 1500.48 Technical requirements for determining a sharp point in toys and other articles intended for use by childrenunder 8 years of age.age16 CFR 1500.49 Technical
23、 requirements for determining a sharp metal or glass edge in toys and other articles intended for useby children under 8 years of age16 CFR 1500.50-53 Test methods for simulating use and abuse of toys and other articles intended for use by children.children16 CFR 1500.91 Determinations regarding lea
24、d content for certain materials or products under section 101 of the ConsumerProduct Safety Improvement Act.Act16 CFR 1500.231 Guidance for hazardous liquid chemicals in childrens products. products16 CFR 1501.3 Exemptions.Exemptions16 CFR 1501.4 Size requirements and test procedure.procedure3. Term
25、inology3.1 Refer to Annex A1 for Age Determination Guidelines for children and adult jewelry.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvo
26、lume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.4 Available from U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), 4330 East West Hwy., Bethesda, MD 20814, http:/www.cpsc.gov. All subsequent versions of theseStandard Operating Procedures approved by the CPSC staff sa
27、tisfy this standard.5 See Mean Body Weight, Height and Body Mass Index, United States, 1960 2002; Ogden, C., Fryar, C., Carroll, M, Flegal, K., Advance Data for Vital Health andStatistics, Number 347, Center for Disease Control, October 27, 2004, available at http:/www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/ad/ad347.pdf
28、. Available from European Committee forStandardization (CEN), Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium, http:/www.cen.eu.Many national organizations issue their own versions of these test methods; these versions will satisfy the requirements of this standard.F2923 1423.2.1 jewelryjewelry is a pro
29、duct principally designed and intended as an ornament worn by a person and includes thefollowing:a. Ankletb. Arm cuffc. Braceletd. Brooche. Chainf. Crown or tiarag. Cuff linkh. Hair accessory with significant decorative elementsAi. Earrings or ear cuffsj. Necklacek. Pins (such as tie tacks and tradi
30、ng pins)l. Ringm. Body piercing jewelryn. Jewelry placed in the mouth for display or ornamento. Any component of a product listed in a n.p. Any charm, bead, chain, link, pendant or otherattachment to shoes or clothing designed to beremoved and worn, alone or attached to an item in a -n, as an orname
31、nt by a person.q. Watch in which a timepiece is a component of anornament, excluding the timepiece itself if thetimepiece can be removed from the ornament.r. Jewelry components in craft kits where the finalassembled jewelry product is principally designed andintended as an ornament worn by a person.
32、 Toolsused to make jewelry are not jewelry.ABobby pins, barrettes, headbands, etc. without a significant decorative element are not hair accessories, but are grooming aids. Combs, brushes and similar items notintended to be worn as an item of personal ornamentation are not hair accessories. Novelty
33、products such as deely boppers are not hair accessories.3.2.2 body piercing jewelryAny part of jewelry that is manufactured or sold for placement in a new piercing or a mucousmembrane, but does not include any part of that jewelry that is not placed within a new piercing or a mucous membrane. Earrin
34、gs,unless specifically sold for a new piercing, are not body piercing jewelry. Components of childrens jewelry that are not in contactwith a mucous membrane are not subject to the requirements of body piercing jewelry but are subject to the other applicablerequirements of this specification.3.2.3 ch
35、ildrens jewelryChildrens jewelry is jewelry designed or intended primarily for use by children 12 and under. yearsof age or younger. Jewelry shall be considered childrens jewelry when:a. Represented in its packaging, display, promotion or advertisingas appropriate for use by a child 12 years of age
36、or younger.b. Sold in conjunction with, attached to, or packaged together withother products that are packaged, displayed, or advertisedas appropriate for use by children 12 years of age or younger.c. Sized for children 12 years of age or younger and not designedor intended primarily for use by cons
37、umers 13 and older.d. Sold in any of the following:(i) A vending machine.(ii) A retail store, catalogue, or online website, in which apersonexclusively offers for sale products that are packaged,displayed, or advertised as appropriate for use primarily bychildren 12 and under.(ii) A retail store, ca
38、talogue, or online website, in which apersonexclusively offers for sale products that are packaged,displayed, or advertised as appropriate for use primarily bychildren 12 years of age or younger.(iii) A discrete portion of a retail store, catalogue,or online Internet Web site, in which a person offe
39、rs for saleproducts that are packaged, displayed, or advertised asappropriate or intended for use primarily by children12 and under.(iii) A discrete portion of a retail store, catalogue,or online Internet Web site, in which a person offers for saleproducts that are packaged, displayed, or advertised
40、 asappropriate or intended for use primarily by children12 years of age or younger.e. Labeled in a manner indicating that the product is designed andintended primarily for children 12 and younger (for example,“For children 3+,” “For ages 4 8.”)e. Labeled in a manner indicating that the product is de
41、signed andintended primarily for children 12 years of age or younger (forexample, “For children 3+,” “For ages 4 8.”)F2923 1433.2.4 hazardous magnetAs defined in the current published version of Consumer Safety Specification F963.-11.3.2.5 hazardous magnetic componentAs defined in the current publis
42、hed version of Consumer Safety Specification F963,-11,except that chains with a length greater than 6 inchesin. are exempt from the definition of hazardous magnetic components.3.2.6 functional sharp pointAny accessible, potentially hazardous sharp point included in the product that is essential for
43、theintended function of the product.3.2.7 button cell batteryA battery having a diameter greater than its height.3.2.8 suction tongue studA small bead with an opening on one side only, which acts to create a vacuum and is intended foruse as jewelry on the human tongue, without the need for piercing.
44、3.2.9 direct and prolonged skin contactdirect contact with the skin for 1 h or more a day.3.2.10 normal useuse as designed and intended.4. Age-Labeling4.1 Jewelry often features decorative motifs such as animals, flowers, insects, initials or names, characters, as well as brightcolors, beads and oth
45、er materials. Because jewelry with these motifs can be designed and intended primarily for adults or can bedesigned and intended primarily for children, manufacturer age labels, marketing, advertising, distribution, size and retail storeplacement must be considered in determining whether jewelry is
46、childrens jewelry. In evaluating when jewelry is primarilyintended for children 12 years of age or younger, the following factors should be considered:4.1.1 A statement by the manufacturer about the intended use of the product, including a label on the product if such statementis reasonable;4.1.2 Wh
47、ether the product is represented in its packaging, display, promotion or advertising as appropriate for use by the agesspecified; and4.1.3 Whether the product is commonly recognized by consumers as being primarily intended for use by a child of the agesspecified. specified; and4.1.4 The CPSC Age Det
48、ermination Guidelines: Relating Childrens Ages to Toy Characteristics and Play Behavior (AgeDetermination Guidelines).4.1.4.1 The Age Determination Guidelines were developed to identify toy characteristics and play behavior. They are of mostvalue in evaluating the appropriate age grading of jewelry
49、once the jewelry is identified as primarily intended for children 12 andyears of age or younger looking at the other factors. Jewelry is not recommended for children under 3 except under close parentalsupervision. Annex A1 outlines considerations important to determining when jewelry is childrens jewelry for purposes ofdetermining age suitability.4.2 It is recommended that childrens jewelry include an age label to provide point-of-sale guidance to consumers about theselection of appropriate jewelry for children of average abilitie
