1、Designation: F3023 13Standard Test Methods forEvaluating Design and Performance Characteristics ofStationary Upright and Recumbent Exercise Bicycles andUpper Body Ergometers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3023; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
2、 oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe goal of these test methods is to provide reliable an
3、d repeatable methods for the evaluation ofstationary exercise bicycles and upper body ergometers.The equipment user must recognize, however, that a standard alone will not necessarily preventinjuries. Like other physical activities, exercise involving stationary upright and recumbent exercisebicycle
4、s and upper body ergometers involves the risk of injury, particularly if the equipment is usedimproperly or not properly maintained. In addition, users with physical limitations should seekmedical advice and instruction from the fitness facility prior to using this equipment. Certain physicalconditi
5、ons or limitations may preclude some persons from using this equipment properly and withoutincreasing the risk of serious injury.1. Scope1.1 These test methods specify procedures and equipmentused for testing and evaluating stationary exercise bicycles andcrank training equipment (machines) for comp
6、liance to Speci-fication F1250. Both design and operational parameters will beevaluated. Where possible and applicable, accepted test meth-ods from other recognized bodies will be used and referenced.In case of a conflict between this document and SpecificationF1250, Specification F1250 takes preced
7、ence.1.2 RequirementsStationary exercise bicycles and cranktraining equipment are to be tested for the parameters specifiedin Specification F2276 and Test Methods F2571 and thefollowing parameters unique to this equipment:1.2.1 Seat post construction and loading1.2.2 Handlebar construction and loadi
8、ng1.2.3 Pedal construction and loading1.2.4 Crank Arm and Enclosure Entrapment1.2.5 Seat back support loading1.2.6 Stability1.2.7 Direct Drive Exercise Bicycle Pedal Endurance1.2.8 Warnings1.2.9 Documentation1.3 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in pa
9、rentheses are mathematicalconversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-tion only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establis
10、h appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F1250 Specification for Stationary Upright and RecumbentExercise Bicycles and Upper Body ErgometersF1749 Specification for Fitness Equipment a
11、nd Fitness Fa-cility Safety Signage and LabelsF2276 Specification for Fitness EquipmentF2571 Test Methods for Evaluating Design and PerformanceCharacteristics of Fitness Equipment2.2 European Standards:3EN 957-1 Stationary Training Equipment Part 1: GeneralSafety Requirements and Test Methods1These
12、test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 onSports Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F08.30 on Fitness Products.Current edition approved June 1, 2013. Published July 2013. DOI: 10.1520/F3023-13.2For referenced ASTM standar
13、ds, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from European Committee for Standardization (CEN), AvenueMarnix 17, B-1000, Br
14、ussels, Belgium, http:/www.cen.eu.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13. Terminology3.1 Definitions: For definitions applicable to this standardsee Specification F1250.4. Significance and Use4.1 The purpose of these test m
15、ethods is to provide reliableand repeatable test methods for the evaluation of stationaryexercise bicycles and crank training equipment assembled andmaintained according to the manufacturers specifications. Useof these test methods in conjunction Specification F1250 isintended to ensure appropriate
16、performance and reliability ofsaid equipment and reduce the risk of serious injury fromdesign deficiencies.5. Certification5.1 These test methods permit self-certification. It is recom-mended that each manufacturer employ an independent labo-ratory to evaluate and validate that their test procedures
17、 andmethodologies conform and comply with these test methodsand Specification F1250.6. Sample Preparations6.1 Assemble and adjust the machine on a horizontalsurface according to the manufacturers instructions. For ma-chines that are fully assembled, verify according to themanufacturers instructions
18、that all components are functioningand that they have been adjusted and aligned properly. Unlessotherwise stated, the machine must pass the following testswithout adjustment from this initial condition. Apply power to,if required, or use the machine and verify that the unitfunctions properly.6.2 The
19、 individual test methods will describe any variationsor modifications to the test sample that are required .6.3 Unless noted, the machine shall function as intended bythe manufacturer after the completion of the tests.7. Test Methods and Procedures7.1 In addition to the tests specified in Test Metho
20、ds F2571,stationary exercise bicycles and crank training equipment shallbe evaluated as follows:7.1.1 Design and Construction:7.1.1.1 Seat PostThe purpose of this test is to evaluate theconstruction and retention of the seat post.(1) Apparatus and Set UpThe sample shall be set up asdescribed in 6.1.
21、(2) CalibrationVerify that the measurement device isproperly calibrated and has a resolution of 1 mm (0.04 in.).(3) ProcedureRemove the seat post from the machine.Measure the largest cross sectional dimension of the seat post.Multiply this number by 1.5 (d). Inspect the seat post andverify that ther
22、e is a mark on the seat post indicating theminimum insertion depth at dimension d calculated above.Verify that the seat post is retained in any of its adjustmentpositions by a clamp, pin or similar means. Verify that the markdefined above is even with the top of or below the top of theseat adjustmen
23、t sleeve tube when the seat is adjusted into itsuppermost position, or that the design is such that the seat postcannot be removed from the machine without the use of tools.(4) Pass/Fail CriteriaIf the above criteria are not met thesample shall fail the test.(5) Precision and BiasNo information is p
24、resented abouteither the precision or bias of this test since the test result isnon-quantitative.(a) PrecisionThe precision of this test method has notbeen determined.(b) BiasThe bias of this test method includes quantita-tive estimates of the uncertainties of the measuring devices, thecalibrations
25、of testing equipment, and the skill of the operators.At this time, the statements on bias should be limited todocumented performance of particular laboratories.7.1.1.2 Seat SupportThe purpose of this test is to evaluatethe presence of a seat support plate or structure.(1) Apparatus and Set UpThe sam
26、ple shall be set up asdescribed in 6.1.(2) CalibrationVisual verification only.(3) ProcedureRemove the seat and seat post from themachine. Verify that there is a seat support plate or structurepresent between the underside of the seat and the top end of theseat post.(4) Pass/Fail CriteriaIf there is
27、 no seat supporting struc-ture present, the sample shall fail the test.(5) Precision and BiasNo information presented abouteither the precision or bias of this test since the result isnon-quantitative.7.1.1.3 Handlebar Stem InsertionThe purpose of this testis to verify the existence of a mark on the
28、 handlebar postindicating the minimum insertion depth.(1) Apparatus and Set UpThe sample shall be set up asdescribed in 6.1.(2) CalibrationVerify that the measurement device isproperly calibrated and has a resolution of 1 mm (0.04 in.).(3) ProcedureRemove or adjust the handlebar assemblyto its upper
29、most position and visually verify the presence of amark on the handlebar stem indicating the minimum insertiondepth. Verify that this mark is 63.5 mm (2.5 in.) from the endof the handlebar stem.(4) Pass/Fail CriteriaThe mark indicated above must bepresent at 63.5 mm (2.5 in.) from the end of the han
30、dlebar stemor the design must be such that the handlebar assembly cannotbe removed from the machine without the use of tools.(5) Precision and Bias:(a) PrecisionThe precision of this test method has notbeen determined.(b) BiasThe bias of this test method includes quantita-tive estimates of the uncer
31、tainties of the measuring devices, thecalibrations of testing equipment, and the skill of the operators.At this time, the statements on bias should be limited todocumented performance of particular laboratories.7.1.1.4 Pedal DesignThe purpose of this test is to evaluatethe pedal construction.(1) App
32、aratus and Set UpThe sample shall be set up asdescribed in 6.1.(2) CalibrationVerify that the measurement device isproperly calibrated and has a resolution of 1 mm (0.04 in.).F3023 132(3) ProcedureInspect each pedal and verify that thepedals contain a mark indicating right and left as referencedfrom
33、 the user position. Verify that there is a slip resistantsurface or structure (ribs or “teeth”) on the surface of the pedalcontacted by the user during use. For hand crank equipment,verify the presence of the right and left markings and thepresence of a slip resistant gripping surface. Position the
34、footpedal into its lowest travel position relative to the floor.Measure the gap between the pedal and the floor.(4) Pass/Fail CriteriaIf the criteria described above isnot present the sample shall fail the test. The dimensionmeasured above shall be 60 6 1 mm (2.36 6 0.040 in.) orgreater.(5) Precisio
35、n and Bias:(a) PrecisionThe precision of this test method has notbeen determined.(b) BiasThe bias of this test method includes quantita-tive estimates of the uncertainties of the measuring devices, thecalibrations of testing equipment, and the skill of the operators.At this time, the statements on b
36、ias should be limited todocumented performance of particular laboratories.7.1.1.5 Crank Arm and Enclosure EntrapmentThe pur-pose of this test is to evaluate entrapment at the interface/margins of the crank arm and the center shroud or enclosure.(1) Apparatus and Set UpThe sample shall be set up asde
37、scribed in 6.1. This test requires probe as specified in EN957-1 Figure 1 of the 2005 revision. Verify that all guards areproperly positioned and secured. An apparatus capable ofmeasuring 4.4 N (1 lb) of pulling force shall be provided.(2) CalibrationCalibrate the load measurement apparatusto confir
38、m accuracy to within 60.5 N (0.1 lb). Verify that theprobe conforms to the dimensions of EN 957-1 Figure 2.(3) ProcedureInsert the test finger probe parallel to theaxis of rotation (within 65) of the crank arm along the surfaceof the crank arm until it contacts the center enclosure. Rotatethe crank
39、arm completely (in both directions) and insure thatthe finger probe does not become entrapped. If the rotation ofthe crank arm pushes the probe out of the way then entrapmentdoes not occur.(4) Pass/Fail CriteriaThe probe shall not become en-trapped. Entrapment is defined to have occurred if the forc
40、e topull out the probe is greater than 4.4 N (1 lb).(5) Precision and Bias:(a) PrecisionThe precision of this test method has notbeen determined.(b) BiasThe bias of this test method includes quantita-tive estimates of the uncertainties of the measuring devices, thecalibrations of testing equipment,
41、and the skill of the operators.At this time, the statements on bias should be limited todocumented performance of particular laboratories.7.1.2 Static LoadingThe purpose of this test is to evaluatethe static structural integrity of the seat, handlebars, and pedalsas set for in Specifications F1250 a
42、nd F2276.7.1.2.1 Recumbent Exercise Bicycle HandlebarsThe pur-pose of this test is to confirm structural integrity of thehandlebars.(1) Apparatus and Set UpThe sample shall be set up asdescribed in 6.1. Possible methods of provided the force forthis test include, but are not limited to, pneumatic cy
43、linder(s) ordead weights. If necessary, the machine may be restrained frommovement as long as that restraint does not aid the structure ofthe structure being tested.(2) CalibrationVerify the load application system is cali-brated and is accurate to within 62 % of applied load.(3) ProcedureApply the
44、static load to the weakest struc-tural point of the handlebars in the vertical direction. Maintainthe load for five minutes, and then remove. Visually inspect forindications of breakage. If applying the load to only onehandlebar (as allowed in Specification F1250) apply12 the loadstated in Specifica
45、tion F1250 vertically for 5 min and thenremove.(4) Pass/Fail CriteriaThe handlebar shall not break.(5) Precision and BiasNo information is presented abouteither the precision or bias of this test since the test result isnon-quantitative.7.1.2.2 Exercise Bicycle Handlebar Horizontal Axis TorqueEvalua
46、tionThe purpose of this test is to confirm the horizon-tal torque integrity of the handlebars.(1) Apparatus and Set UpThe sample shall be set up asdescribed in 6.1 with the handlebars adjusted into theiruppermost adjustment position. Possible methods of providingthe force for this test include, but
47、are not limited to, pneumaticcylinder(s) or dead weights. If necessary, the machine may berestrained from movement as long as that restraint does not aidthe structure of the structure being tested. Clamp a 150 mm(5.9 in.) long reference bar to the handle bar then measure andrecord its height to the
48、floor.(2) CalibrationVerify the load application system is cali-brated and is accurate to within 65 % of applied load. Verifythat the measurement device is properly calibrated and has aresolution of 1 mm (0.04 in.).(3) ProcedureApply the torque about the horizontal axisof the handlebar. Maintain the
49、 load for five minutes, and thenremove. Re-measure the height from the reference bar to thefloor.(4) Pass/Fail CriteriaThe reference bar shall not havemoved by more than the resolution of the measuring device.(5) Precision and BiasNo information is presented abouteither the precision or bias of this test since the test result isnon-quantitative.7.1.2.3 Exercise Bicycle Handlebar Vertical Axis TorqueEvaluationThe purpose of this test is to confirm the verticaltorque integrity of the handlebars.(1) Apparatus and Set UpThe sampl
