1、Designation: F3301 18Standard forAdditive Manufacturing Post Processing Methods Standard Specification for Thermal Post-Processing MetalParts Made Via Powder Bed Fusion1,2This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3301; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
2、original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONParts made via metal powder bed fusion where the part bed i
3、s below the anneal temperature of thealloy in process will likely form residual stresses during processing. It is a common practice in theindustry to heat treat parts while they are connected to the build platform in order to prevent geometricdistortion when parts are separated from the build platfo
4、rm. Other post-process treatments such as hotisostatic pressing and solution annealing have been shown to reduce porosity, affect mechanicalproperties and modify the microstructure to the desired condition.Applicable parts covered in this specification include, but are not limited to, the manufactur
5、e ofmedical implants, aerospace parts, critical parts for power generation and oil and gas production.Multiple heat treatments may be enforced on the engineering or purchase order by listing the requiredconditions (for example SR/HIP, for stress relief and hot isostatic pressing). PBF processes wher
6、e thepowder bed is maintained at a temperature in the SR Condition range shall be considered SRCondition in the as built state.Hot isostatic pressing can be used to achieve Condition SR while the parts are attached to the buildplatform.This standard should also be applied to test specimens used to g
7、enerate design data for part materialproperties.1. Scope1.1 This standard specifies the requirements for thermalpost-processing of parts produced via metal powder bed fusionto achieve the required material properties and microstructureto meet engineering requirements. This standard is intended tobe
8、referenced by Material Part Property specifications forpowder bed fusion. Currently, this standard includes thermalpost-processing for the materials including titanium alloys,cobalt 28 chromium 6 molybdenum, alloy UNS N07718, alloyUNS N06625, alloy, UNS 31603 and AlSi10Mg. This specifi-cation will b
9、e updated as new powder bed fusion material heattreatments are developed.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its us
10、e. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principle
11、s on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Normative References2.1 The following documents, in whole or in part, arenor
12、matively referenced in this document and are indispensablefor its application. For dated references, only the edition citedapplies. For undated references, the latest edition of thereferenced document (including any amendments) applies.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee
13、F42 onAdditive Manufacturing Technologies and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee F42.05 on Materials and Processes.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2018. Published February 2018. DOI: 10.1520/F3301-18.2This document has been prepared by ASTM F42.05 and ISO TC261 inagreement to deconvolve
14、legacy ASTM metal powder bed fusion standards adoptedwithin F42 only. Except for AlSi10Mg, the techniques and specifications required inthis document are taken directly fromASTM standards for metal powder bed fusion.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken,
15、 PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organizatio
16、n Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.12.2 ASTM Standards:3A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to IntergranularAttack in Austenitic Stainless SteelsA484/A484M Specification for General Requirements forStainless Steel Bars, Billets, and ForgingsA1080 Practice for Hot Isostatic Pressin
17、g of Steel, StainlessSteel, and Related Alloy Castings2.3 AMS Standards:4AMS2759 Heat Treatment of Steel Parts, General Require-mentsAMS2771 Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloy CastingsAMS2774 Heat Treatment Wrought NickelAlloy and CobaltAlloy PartsAMS2801 Heat Treatment of Titanium Alloy PartsAMS5894
18、Cobalt Alloys, Bars, Sheet, and Plate 60Co 28Cr 4.5W 1.15C Solution Heat TreatedAMSH81200 Heat Treatment of Titanium and TitaniumAlloys2.4 ISO Standard:5ISO/ASTM 52900 Standard Terminology for AdditiveManufacturing General Principles Terminology3. Terminology3.1 For the purposes of this document, th
19、e terms anddefinitions given in ISO/ASTM 52900 shall apply.4. Thermal Post-Processing RequirementsNOTE 1The material specification should identify the heat treatmentmethodology specification, for example, AMS52801, AMS2759, andAMS2771, which includes pyrometry requirements, calibration,maintenance,
20、furnace classification, etc. for equipment used for thermalpost-processing.4.1 Alloy titanium-6 aluminium-4 vanadium, alloytitanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium extra low interstitial, andcommercially pure titanium (CPTi):4.1.1 Condition SRParts shall be stress relieved or an-nealed in accordance with SAE
21、AMS2801 or SAEAMSH81200.4.1.2 Condition ANNParts shall be annealed in accor-dance with SAE AMS2801 or SAE AMSH81200.4.1.3 Condition AGEDParts shall be solution heat treatedand aged per AMS2801, except that components shall be inertgas back-fill cooled or air cooled during the solution heat treatproc
22、ess.4.1.4 Condition HIPProcess parts under inert atmosphereat not less than 100 MPa within the range of 895 to 955 C;hold at the selected temperature within 615 C for 180 6 60min and cool under inert atmosphere to below 425 C, unlessotherwise agreed upon by the part supplier and purchaser.4.1.5 Cond
23、ition OPTAll thermal post processing shall beoptional.4.2 Cobalt-28 chromium-6 molybdenum:4.2.1 Condition SRParts shall be stress relieved or solu-tion annealed in accordance with SAE AMS2774 for SAEAMS5894 material.4.2.2 Condition SANNProcess parts under inert atmo-sphere in the range of 1200 to 12
24、30 C; hold at the selectedtemperature within 615 C for 120 6 15 min, followed byrapid inert gas cool at a minimum cooling rate of 220 C minto 540 C and 80 C min from 540 C to ambient.4.2.3 Condition HIPProcess parts under inert atmosphereat not less than 100 MPa within the range of 1185 to 1220 C;ho
25、ld at the selected temperature within 615 C for 240 6 60min and cool under inert atmosphere to below 425 C, or toparameters as agreed upon between the component supplierand purchaser. When specified by the purchaser, the componentsupplier shall test the material in its final condition.NOTE 2Addition
26、al heat treatment of Condition HIP components maybe necessary to enhance mechanical properties.4.3 Alloy UNS N07718:4.3.1 Condition SRParts shall be stress relieved at 1065 615 C for 90 min 5 +15 min.4.3.2 Condition AGEDParts shall be solution treated andaged in accordance with AMS2774.4.3.3 Conditi
27、on HIPProcess parts under inert atmosphereat not less than 100 MPa within the range of 1120 to 1185 C;hold at the selected temperature within 615 C for 240 6 60min and cool under inert atmosphere to below 425 C, or toparameters as agreed upon between the component supplierand purchaser.4.4 Alloy UNS
28、 N06625:4.4.1 Condition SRParts shall be stress relieved or an-nealed in accordance with SAE AMS2774.4.4.2 Condition ANNParts shall be annealed in accor-dance with SAE AMS2774.4.4.3 Condition HIPProcess components under inert at-mosphere at not less than 100 MPa within the range of 1120 to1175 C; ho
29、ld at the selected temperature within 615 C for240 6 60 min and cool under inert atmosphere to below425 C, or to parameters as agreed upon between the compo-nent supplier and purchaser.4.5 Alloy UNS S31603:4.5.1 Condition SRParts shall be stress relieve in accor-dance with SAE AMS2759.4.5.2 Conditio
30、n SANNParts shall be solution annealed perAMS2759 or Specification A484/A484M.4.5.3 Condition HIPProcess components under inert at-mosphere at not less than 100 MPa within the range of 1120 to1163 C; hold at the selected temperature within 614 C for240 6 60 min and cool under inert atmosphere to bel
31、ow427 C, or to parameters agreed upon by the componentsupplier and purchaser. Hot isostatic pressing shall, at aminimum, conform to the requirements of Practice A1080.NOTE 3Proper heat treatment of Condition HIP components may benecessary to enhance corrosion and environmental cracking resistance.4.
32、5.4 If testing to demonstrate the absence of detrimentalphases (such as carbide precipitates) is required, the testmethod(s) and acceptance criteria, including any post-HIP3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For An
33、nual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale,PA 15096, http:/www.sae.org.5Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISOCentral Secret
34、ariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier,Geneva, Switzerland, http:/www.iso.org.F3301 182solution annealing heat treatment to eliminate detected detri-mental phases, shall be agreed upon by the component supplierand purchaser. Practice E of Practices A262 provides guidanceon inte
35、rgranular corrosion (IGC) tests for 316L, and Specifi-cation A484/A484M provides guidance on solution annealingconditions.4.6 Alloy AlSi10Mg:4.6.1 Condition SRParts shall be heat treated per AMS2771 except the temperature shall be between 200 and 300 C6 15 C, depending on the required mechanical pro
36、perties, for120 6 15 min, and air cooled.NOTE 4The mechanical properties of AlSi10Mg are affected by theSR temperature and cooling rate. Higher SR temperatures result in lowerstrength and higher ductility.4.6.2 Condition STAParts shall be solution heat treated perAMS2771 except the temperature shall
37、 be 525 to 535 C 615 C for 360 6 60 min, quenched in water or glycol as agreedupon by the component supplier and purchaser, and aged at 170to 180 C 6 15 C for 300 6 60 min.4.6.3 Condition HIPProcess components under inert at-mosphere at not less than 100 MPa within the range of 500 to525 C; hold at
38、the selected temperature within 615 C for 2406 60 min and cool under inert atmosphere to below 95 C, orto parameters agreed upon by the component supplier andpurchaser.5. Keywords5.1 additive manufacturing; electron beam melting; heattreat; laser sintering; post processing; powder bed fusionASTM Int
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