1、Designation: F3328 18 An American National StandardStandard Practice forthe One-Step (Solvent Cement Only) Method of Joining Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) or Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride)(CPVC) Pipe and Piping Components with Tapered Sockets1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3328
2、; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval
3、.1. Scope1.1 This practice describes a one-step (solvent cement only)method of joining pipe to fittings (and or piping components)that employ tapered sockets that provide an interference fit13to23 s of the socket depth. This practice applies to poly(vinylchloride) (PVC), or chlorinated poly(vinyl ch
4、loride) (CPVC).1.2 This practice shall only be used with products (pipe,fitting, fitting component and solvent cement) where manufac-turers literature and local codes reference this ASTM standardpractice: ASTM F3328.NOTE 1Where conflicts occur between the code and the manufactur-ers installation ins
5、tructions, the more restrictive provisions apply.1.3 Due to inherent hazards associated with testing compo-nents and systems with compressed air or other compressedgases, some manufacturers do not allow pneumatic testing oftheir products. Consult with specific product/component manu-facturers for th
6、eir specific testing procedures prior to pneu-matic testing.NOTE 2Pressurized (compressed) air or other compressed gasescontain large amounts of stored energy which present serious safetyhazards should a system fail for any reason.1.4 Techniques covered are applicable to joining PVC toPVC, or CPVC t
7、o CPVC pipe and piping components withtapered sockets. In the remainder of this standard practice, theterm “piping components with tapered sockets”, whether it bebell end pipe, spigot connections, or any other type of taperedconnections, will be referred to as “fittings.”1.5 Text of this practice re
8、ferences notes and footnotes thatprovide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (ex-cluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered asrequirements of the practice.1.6 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as standard. The values given in parentheses arema
9、thematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, he
10、alth, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of Intern
11、ational Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1600 Terminology forAbbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-ticsD2564 Specification for Solvent Cements for Poly(VinylChloride) (PVC
12、) Plastic Piping SystemsF402 Practice for Safe Handling of Solvent Cements,Primers, and Cleaners Used for Joining ThermoplasticPipe and FittingsF412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF493 Specification for Solvent Cements for ChlorinatedPoly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe and Fittin
13、gs3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions are in accordance with Termi-nology F412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Termi-nology D1600, unless otherwise specified.4. Summary of Practice4.1 In order to achieve consistently strong and leak-freejoining of Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) or Chlorin
14、ated Poly(Vi-nyl Chloride) (CPVC) pipe and fittings, the following prin-ciples need to be clearly understood and followed:1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.20 on Joining.Current edition appr
15、oved Aug. 1, 2018. Published August 2018. DOI: 10.1520/F3328182For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website
16、.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of Inte
17、rnational Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.14.1.1 By the use of an applicator, solvent cement shall beworked into the surfaces to be joined to promote softening.(See Fig. 1.)4.1.2 Solvent cement shall be applied
18、to the pipe end andfitting socket to fill the gap between pipe and fitting socket.(See Fig. 2.)4.1.3 Pipe and fitting shall be assembled immediately afterthe application of solvent cement. (See Fig. 3.)4.1.4 Joint strength develops as the solvents evaporate fromthe joint.At the socket bottom where t
19、here is an interference fit,the surfaces will fuse together; at the socket entrance wherethere is a gap, the solvent cement will fill the gap and bondboth surfaces. (See Fig. 4.)4.1.5 As the solvents evaporate, softened surfaces willharden with a corresponding increase in joint strength overtime. A
20、properly assembled joint will withstand the requiredworking pressure long before the joint has fully cured. As-sembled joints shall not be disturbed until the initial set timehas been achieved (See Section 8, Installation), in accordancewith solvent cement manufacturers recommendations.5. Significan
21、ce and Use5.1 Solvent cement bonder/installers shall follow all proce-dures to produce consistently strong and leak-free joints, eitherin shop operations or in the field.6. Materials6.1 Pipe and FittingsPipe and fittings shall meet therequirements of current applicable PVC, or CPVC pipe andpiping co
22、mponents standards.6.2 Solvent Cement:6.2.1 SpecificationSolvent cement shall meet the require-ments of Specification D2564 for PVC solvent cement, Speci-fication F493 for CPVC solvent cement6.2.2 SelectionSolvent cements are available in a varietyof viscosities and wet film thicknesses to cover the
23、 range ofpipe sizes.6.2.3 StorageSolvent cements shall be stored in a cool,dry place.All solvent cements have a limited shelf life. Consultthe solvent cement manufacturer for specific recommendationson storage conditions and shelf life. The solvent cement isunsuitable for use if it exhibits an appre
24、ciable change from theoriginal viscosity, or if signs of gelation (jelly-like) areapparent. Restoration of the original viscosity or removal ofgelation by adding solvents shall not be allowed.6.3 Chemical CleanersChemical cleaners, only those rec-ommended by solvent cement manufacturers shall be use
25、d toremove surface debris (for example, oil, dirt, grease, paint,etc.).6.3.1 Sandpaper or similar abrasive cloths or grinders shallnot be used to clean pipe or fittings.NOTE 3This practice can remove a significant amount of materialfrom the surfaces to be joined which will adversely affect the inter
26、ferencefit and reduce joint strength.7. Procedure7.1 CuttingUsing a suitable cutter, cut the pipe perpen-dicular (square) to the pipe axis (see Fig. 5).NOTE 4It is important to cut the pipe perpendicular (square) to thepipe axis. A square cut provides maximum bonding area. Tools used to cutplastic p
27、ipe must be in good condition and used in accordance with thetool manufacturers recommendations. If there is any indication of damageor evidence of cracking after cutting the pipe, cut off at least 2 in. (50.8mm) beyond any visible crack. Care must be exercised when using ratchetcutters, especially
28、at 50 F (10 C) or lower temperatures, as they maysplit the pipe if not maintained and used properly. When using wheel-typeplastic tubing cutters with a blade made for cutting plastic pipe, materialdisplacement from the downward force of the cutting wheel will createridges, which shall be removed wit
29、h a chamfering tool or file7.2 Chamfering and Deburring:7.2.1 ChamferingExterior pipe edges shall be chamferedwith a chamfering tool specifically designed for plastic pipe ora file. (See Fig. 6 for tolerances and Fig. 7 for tools)Chamfering is necessary to remove burrs and sharp edgescreated by the
30、cutting process.NOTE 5Chamfering allows the pipe to enter the fitting socket cleanlyand uniformly. Sharp edges, if not removed, will scrape away softenedsocket material, depositing it and solvent cement into the fitting or pipewaterway, creating a potential leak path. Accumulation of softened socket
31、material and solvent cement inside the waterway must be avoided.7.2.2 DeburringBurrs on the inside pipe edge shall beremoved with a deburring tool or half-round file (See Fig. 7).FIG. 1 Penetrated and Softened AreasF3328 182NOTE 6Removing burrs from the interior (waterway) prevents ob-structions and
32、 enhances fluid flow.7.3 Dry Joint Tightness TestPrior to applying solventcement, insert the pipe gently and slowly into the socket untilthe first sign of resistance is detected to determine the point ofinterference. Check for an interference fit between the pipe andfitting, occurring at approximate
33、ly13 to23 of the socket depth.Do not force components together. If the pipe end or fittingsocket, prior to dry fitting, shows indications of surfacecontamination refer to 7.4, Cleaning.FIG. 2 Solvent Cement-ApplicationFIG. 3 Assemble Immediately while Cement is Wet and FluidFIG. 4 Assembled JointF33
34、28 183NOTE 7Pipe and fittings are designed to have an interference fit (SeeFig. 8). An interference fit occurs when the outside pipe diameter contacts(interferes) with the inside tapered fitting socket diameter. Dimensionalconformance is essential for an interference fit, to make strong leak freejoi
35、nts. If the fit is loose, replace the pipe or fittings in order to obtain aproper interference fit. Do not attempt to join pipe and fittings that do nothave an interference fit.7.4 CleaningUse a clean, dry cloth or paper towel to cleanthe surfaces of pipe and fittings (See Fig. 9). If joining surfac
36、escannot be cleaned by wiping with a clean, dry cloth or papertowel, a chemical cleaner recommended only by the solventcement manufacturer shall be used.NOTE 8Proper surface preparation is required to maximize theintegrity of the joint. Foreign materials can impede the solvent cementingprocess. Surf
37、aces to be joined must be free of foreign materials (that is,oil, dirt, grease, paint, etc.).NOTE 9Chemical cleaners only clean pipe and fittings and will notsufficiently soften joining surfaces. Follow proper handling proceduresprovided by solvent cement manufacturers.7.5 Mark PipeFirst time operat
38、ors or users may want tomeasure the socket depth and transfer this measurement to thepipe O.D. with a mark. From this mark, place a second mark 2in. (50.8 mm) (See Fig. 10) further up the pipe.NOTE 10First mark is the solvent cement application area. Secondmark is a reference point used after joint
39、assembly to verify that the pipewas fully bottomed out in the socket and did not back out during the initialhold time.7.6 Applicator SizeUse an applicator approximately half(12) the nominal pipe size being joined.NOTE 11Can-lid dauber may not be of appropriate size for the specificpipe diameter and
40、fittings being joined. A variety of applicators arecommercially available.7.7 Assembly Procedure for Joining Plastic Pipe and Fit-tings with one-step Solvent Cement:7.7.1 Solvent Cement Standards for Joining PVC, or CPVCPlastic Pipe and Fittings:(1) Use PVC solvent cement thatmeets Specification D25
41、64 for joining PVC to PVC (2) UseCPVC solvent cement that meets Specification F493 forjoining CPVC to CPVC.NOTE 12Formulation of one-step solvent cement is specificallyFIG. 5 Cut Pipe SquareFIG. 6 Pipe ChamferF3328 184designed to penetrate and soften surfaces for proper fusion. Ambienttemperature af
42、fects the ability of one-step solvent cement to penetrate andsoften surfaces to be joined. Colder temperatures require longer applica-tion time for one-step solvent cement. Warmer temperatures require lessapplication time.7.7.1.1 Solvent cement shall be worked into the surfaces tobe joined, using a
43、circular motion around the pipe and in thefitting socket7.7.1.2 A heavy, even layer of solvent cement shall beapplied and worked into the outer surface of the pipe end. (Ifthe print line exists on the inserted pipe end, smearing orobliteration by the vigorous application of solvent cementindicates p
44、roper cement application). If marks are not used toindicate socket depth, installers shall be responsible to ensurethat solvent cement is applied and worked in an adequatedistance up the pipe (slightly further than the socket depth)preventing short application of solvent cement in the joint.NOTE 13S
45、hort application of solvent cement: is, when the applicationof solvent cement is less than the total socket depth on pipe or fitting, orboth, socket to visually achieve a minimal cement bead at the socketentrance.7.7.1.3 A medium, even layer of solvent cement shall beapplied the full depth of the fi
46、tting socket. (See Fig. 2 and Fig.12.)(1) This will prevent puddling of the solvent cement insideof the pipe or fittings. Excessive puddling of solvent cementcan cause unwanted waterway restriction and can weaken thewall of the pipe or fittings.FIG. 7 Chamfer and Deburring ToolsFIG. 8 Test for Inter
47、ference FitF3328 1857.7.1.4 A second layer of solvent cement shall be applied tothe pipe end when preparing joints 1-14-in. and larger. (See Fig.2 and Fig. 11.)7.7.1.5 Immediately, without delay while the cement is wetand fluid, assemble the pipe and fitting by forcefully bottomingthe pipe in the fi
48、tting socket.NOTE 14When possible, rotate the pipe or fitting a14 turn as the pipeis inserted in the fitting socket, but not after pipe has bottomed. Rotationis often not possible on diameters of 3 in. (76.2 mm) and larger. Withdiameters of 3 in. (76.2 mm) and larger, it is more important to bottom
49、thepipe in the socket than it is to attempt to rotate.7.7.1.6 Hold pipe and fitting assembly for 15 to 20 secondsto ensure the pipe does not push out from the fitting socket andinitial bonding occurs (See Fig. 13). It is the bonders respon-sibility to hold the joint together for an adequate amount oftime to prevent push out. Longer hold times will be requiredfor lower temperatures, larger pipe diameters, and heavierbodied cements. Some experimentation may be required.7.7.1.7 Properly assembled joints will display a full andcontinuous
